課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1.It is a fine day today.今天天氣好。
句中的it是指天氣。又如:
Is it cold today? 今天冷嗎?
No, it isn't. 不,不冷。
2.some clouds,幾朵云。
some既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如:some tables一些椅子(可數(shù)名詞),some milk一些牛奶(不可數(shù)名詞)。
3.There are some clouds in the sky, but the sun is shining.天空中飄著幾朵云,但陽光燦爛。
這句是并列句,由兩個分句構(gòu)成,連詞but表明分句之間存在著對比及轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。兩分句之間大多要用逗號,有時可不用逗號。
4.Mr. Jones is with his family.瓊斯先生同他的家人在一起。
句中with是介詞,表示"和……一起"。family是指"家里的人"或"家庭成員"。
5.They are walking over the bridge.他們正在過橋。
句中的over有"穿過"的意思。又如:
The aeroplane is flying over the river.
飛機正在河上飛過。
The birds are flying over the house.
鳥兒在屋上飛過。
over還可表不"在……上方"(不接觸表面),如:
The sky is over our heads.
天空在我們頭頂上。
6.There are some boats on the river. 河上有幾艘船。
句中on意為"在……上面"(接觸表面)。又如:
There is a book on the table.
桌上有一本書。
7.The ship is going under the bridge. 那船正從橋下駛過。
句中under意為"在……下面(或下方)"。如:
There is a dog under the tree.
樹下有只狗。
ship一般指海洋中行駛的大船。boat一詞指河中行駛的小船。另外:飛機(正式用語) aeroplane(英)/airplane(美);飛機(非正式用語) plane。
語法 Grammar in use
現(xiàn)在進行時(2)
(請參見第31-32課_Where's Sally?語法部分。)
現(xiàn)在進行時的形式是由be的現(xiàn)在時形式+現(xiàn)在分詞形式構(gòu)成。當(dāng)句中主語名詞為復(fù)數(shù)或者人稱代詞為第2人稱或第3人稱復(fù)數(shù)時,be的現(xiàn)在時形式應(yīng)為are。
What are the cooks doing ? Are they washing dishes?
這些廚師在干什么?在洗盤子嗎?
No,they aren’t washing dishes .They’re cooking.
沒有,他們沒在洗盤子。他們正在烹飪。
現(xiàn)在進行時的各種形式(包括縮略形式)列表如下:
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They arecooking
eating
washing
drinking milk
opening the window I 'm
You 're
He 's
She 's
It 's
We 're
You 're
They 'recooking
eating
washing
drinking milk
opening the window
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1.jump v.
(1)跳躍;躍過:
They are jumping a ditch.
他們正躍過一個深溝。
They jumped off the wall and ran off.
他們從墻上跳下去跑掉了。
(2)略去;跳過:
He jumped the first grade in college.
他跳過大學(xué)一年級(指跳級直接升入二年級)。
(3)突然上升;猛增:
They jumped the registration fees from £20 to £50.
他們把注冊費從20英鎊漲到50英鎊。
His company's profits jumped surprisingly last year.
他所在公司去年的利潤令人驚異地飛速增加。
2.sleep
(1)v.睡覺:
He sleeps for only 4 hours every night.
他每夜只睡4個小時。
I was so excited that I could hardly sleep.
我興奮得無法入睡。
(2)n.睡眠;睡覺:
He had a good sleep last night.
他昨天夜里睡得很酣暢。
1.It is a fine day today.今天天氣好。
句中的it是指天氣。又如:
Is it cold today? 今天冷嗎?
No, it isn't. 不,不冷。
2.some clouds,幾朵云。
some既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如:some tables一些椅子(可數(shù)名詞),some milk一些牛奶(不可數(shù)名詞)。
3.There are some clouds in the sky, but the sun is shining.天空中飄著幾朵云,但陽光燦爛。
這句是并列句,由兩個分句構(gòu)成,連詞but表明分句之間存在著對比及轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。兩分句之間大多要用逗號,有時可不用逗號。
4.Mr. Jones is with his family.瓊斯先生同他的家人在一起。
句中with是介詞,表示"和……一起"。family是指"家里的人"或"家庭成員"。
5.They are walking over the bridge.他們正在過橋。
句中的over有"穿過"的意思。又如:
The aeroplane is flying over the river.
飛機正在河上飛過。
The birds are flying over the house.
鳥兒在屋上飛過。
over還可表不"在……上方"(不接觸表面),如:
The sky is over our heads.
天空在我們頭頂上。
6.There are some boats on the river. 河上有幾艘船。
句中on意為"在……上面"(接觸表面)。又如:
There is a book on the table.
桌上有一本書。
7.The ship is going under the bridge. 那船正從橋下駛過。
句中under意為"在……下面(或下方)"。如:
There is a dog under the tree.
樹下有只狗。
ship一般指海洋中行駛的大船。boat一詞指河中行駛的小船。另外:飛機(正式用語) aeroplane(英)/airplane(美);飛機(非正式用語) plane。
語法 Grammar in use
現(xiàn)在進行時(2)
(請參見第31-32課_Where's Sally?語法部分。)
現(xiàn)在進行時的形式是由be的現(xiàn)在時形式+現(xiàn)在分詞形式構(gòu)成。當(dāng)句中主語名詞為復(fù)數(shù)或者人稱代詞為第2人稱或第3人稱復(fù)數(shù)時,be的現(xiàn)在時形式應(yīng)為are。
What are the cooks doing ? Are they washing dishes?
這些廚師在干什么?在洗盤子嗎?
No,they aren’t washing dishes .They’re cooking.
沒有,他們沒在洗盤子。他們正在烹飪。
現(xiàn)在進行時的各種形式(包括縮略形式)列表如下:
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They arecooking
eating
washing
drinking milk
opening the window I 'm
You 're
He 's
She 's
It 's
We 're
You 're
They 'recooking
eating
washing
drinking milk
opening the window
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1.jump v.
(1)跳躍;躍過:
They are jumping a ditch.
他們正躍過一個深溝。
They jumped off the wall and ran off.
他們從墻上跳下去跑掉了。
(2)略去;跳過:
He jumped the first grade in college.
他跳過大學(xué)一年級(指跳級直接升入二年級)。
(3)突然上升;猛增:
They jumped the registration fees from £20 to £50.
他們把注冊費從20英鎊漲到50英鎊。
His company's profits jumped surprisingly last year.
他所在公司去年的利潤令人驚異地飛速增加。
2.sleep
(1)v.睡覺:
He sleeps for only 4 hours every night.
他每夜只睡4個小時。
I was so excited that I could hardly sleep.
我興奮得無法入睡。
(2)n.睡眠;睡覺:
He had a good sleep last night.
他昨天夜里睡得很酣暢。

