Lesson 83 自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀First things first
課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1．The former Prime Minister, Mr. Wentworth Lane, was defeated in the recent elections. 前首相溫特沃茲·萊恩先生在近的大選中被擊敗。
（1）former在這里表示“以前的”、“從前的”或“前任的”，后面需要跟名詞：
Yesterday, he received a letter from his former wife/English teacher.
昨天他收到了他前妻／以前的英語(yǔ)老師的一封信。
（2）election指一般選舉時(shí)用單數(shù)，指全國(guó)性的選舉時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)：
An election will be held next month.
下月將舉行選舉。
He hopes to defeat his rival in next year's elections.
他希望在明年的大選中擊敗對(duì)手。
2．…the ex-Prime Minister had gone abroad.……這位前首相出國(guó)去了。
前綴ex-加在名詞前表示“以前的”（相當(dāng)于former），如ex-husband（前夫）， ex-wife（前妻），ex-taxi-driver（前出租汽車司機(jī)），ex-manager（前任經(jīng)理），ex-headmaster（前任校長(zhǎng)）等。
3．Though a little suspicious this time…雖然那位警察這次有點(diǎn)疑心……
這是一個(gè)省略了主語(yǔ)和連系動(dòng)詞的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。通常，如果從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的相同而謂語(yǔ)帶系動(dòng)詞be，則主語(yǔ)+be可省略（原因狀語(yǔ)從句例外）：
While at college, she wrote a novel.
她上大學(xué)時(shí)寫了一部小說(shuō)。
He acted as if certain of success.
他的舉止就像一定會(huì)成功一樣。（方式）
If possible, please let me know by this evening.
如果可能的話，請(qǐng)?jiān)诮裢硪郧案嬖V我。（條件）
Though tired, he went to bed very late.
他雖然疲憊，但還是很晚才上床。（讓步）
原因狀語(yǔ)從句的省略形式要帶分詞being：
Being worried about his child, he walked up and down in the room．
他由于為孩子擔(dān)心，在屋子里來(lái)回走著。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1．suspicious adj.
（1）猜疑的，認(rèn)為可疑的，對(duì)……起疑心的，多疑的：
If travellers look nervous, customs officers get suspicious.
如果旅客看上去神情緊張，海關(guān)官員就會(huì)起疑心。
Customs officers are suspicious of nervous-looking travellers.
海關(guān)官員對(duì)那些神情緊張的旅客起疑心。
Don't be so suspicious. Everything's all right.
別這么多疑。一切正常。
（2）可疑的，令人起疑的：
You get a lot of suspicious-looking people in this bar.
你這個(gè)酒吧里有許多人看上去很可疑。
The car crash looks suspicious.
這個(gè)撞車事故看上去可疑。
2．temper與mood
（1）temper可以指“脾氣”、“性情”，mood則不可以：
This time, the policeman lost his temper.
這警察火了/發(fā)脾氣了。
Whatever happens, remember to keep your temper.
無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事都要記著保持冷靜。
My sister is of a calm/quick temper.
我姐姐/妹妹性情平和/脾氣急躁。
My grandfather has a temper.
我爺爺容易生氣。
The boss is in a temper today.
老板今天脾氣不好。
（2）temper指“心情”、“情緒”時(shí)，與mood同義：
That morning George was in a good mood/temper.
那天上午，喬治心情好。
但bad mood與bad temper稍有區(qū)別：
When he is in a bad temper, he gets angry easily. But when he is in a bad mood, he likes to sit alone.
當(dāng)他脾氣不好時(shí)，他很容易生氣。但當(dāng)他心情不好時(shí)，他喜歡獨(dú)自坐著。
（3）mood可以表示“有意/想要（做某事）”，temper則不可以：
At that time I was not in the mood for talking/to talk.
當(dāng)時(shí)我沒有心情/不想說(shuō)話。
Although Jeremy is well-known for his great sense of humour, he is in no mood for telling funny stories today.
盡管杰里米以絕妙的幽默感著稱，但他今天沒有心情講笑話。
課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1．The former Prime Minister, Mr. Wentworth Lane, was defeated in the recent elections. 前首相溫特沃茲·萊恩先生在近的大選中被擊敗。
（1）former在這里表示“以前的”、“從前的”或“前任的”，后面需要跟名詞：
Yesterday, he received a letter from his former wife/English teacher.
昨天他收到了他前妻／以前的英語(yǔ)老師的一封信。
（2）election指一般選舉時(shí)用單數(shù)，指全國(guó)性的選舉時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)：
An election will be held next month.
下月將舉行選舉。
He hopes to defeat his rival in next year's elections.
他希望在明年的大選中擊敗對(duì)手。
2．…the ex-Prime Minister had gone abroad.……這位前首相出國(guó)去了。
前綴ex-加在名詞前表示“以前的”（相當(dāng)于former），如ex-husband（前夫）， ex-wife（前妻），ex-taxi-driver（前出租汽車司機(jī)），ex-manager（前任經(jīng)理），ex-headmaster（前任校長(zhǎng)）等。
3．Though a little suspicious this time…雖然那位警察這次有點(diǎn)疑心……
這是一個(gè)省略了主語(yǔ)和連系動(dòng)詞的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。通常，如果從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的相同而謂語(yǔ)帶系動(dòng)詞be，則主語(yǔ)+be可省略（原因狀語(yǔ)從句例外）：
While at college, she wrote a novel.
她上大學(xué)時(shí)寫了一部小說(shuō)。
He acted as if certain of success.
他的舉止就像一定會(huì)成功一樣。（方式）
If possible, please let me know by this evening.
如果可能的話，請(qǐng)?jiān)诮裢硪郧案嬖V我。（條件）
Though tired, he went to bed very late.
他雖然疲憊，但還是很晚才上床。（讓步）
原因狀語(yǔ)從句的省略形式要帶分詞being：
Being worried about his child, he walked up and down in the room．
他由于為孩子擔(dān)心，在屋子里來(lái)回走著。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1．suspicious adj.
（1）猜疑的，認(rèn)為可疑的，對(duì)……起疑心的，多疑的：
If travellers look nervous, customs officers get suspicious.
如果旅客看上去神情緊張，海關(guān)官員就會(huì)起疑心。
Customs officers are suspicious of nervous-looking travellers.
海關(guān)官員對(duì)那些神情緊張的旅客起疑心。
Don't be so suspicious. Everything's all right.
別這么多疑。一切正常。
（2）可疑的，令人起疑的：
You get a lot of suspicious-looking people in this bar.
你這個(gè)酒吧里有許多人看上去很可疑。
The car crash looks suspicious.
這個(gè)撞車事故看上去可疑。
2．temper與mood
（1）temper可以指“脾氣”、“性情”，mood則不可以：
This time, the policeman lost his temper.
這警察火了/發(fā)脾氣了。
Whatever happens, remember to keep your temper.
無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事都要記著保持冷靜。
My sister is of a calm/quick temper.
我姐姐/妹妹性情平和/脾氣急躁。
My grandfather has a temper.
我爺爺容易生氣。
The boss is in a temper today.
老板今天脾氣不好。
（2）temper指“心情”、“情緒”時(shí)，與mood同義：
That morning George was in a good mood/temper.
那天上午，喬治心情好。
但bad mood與bad temper稍有區(qū)別：
When he is in a bad temper, he gets angry easily. But when he is in a bad mood, he likes to sit alone.
當(dāng)他脾氣不好時(shí)，他很容易生氣。但當(dāng)他心情不好時(shí)，他喜歡獨(dú)自坐著。
（3）mood可以表示“有意/想要（做某事）”，temper則不可以：
At that time I was not in the mood for talking/to talk.
當(dāng)時(shí)我沒有心情/不想說(shuō)話。
Although Jeremy is well-known for his great sense of humour, he is in no mood for telling funny stories today.
盡管杰里米以絕妙的幽默感著稱，但他今天沒有心情講笑話。