【句型16】But the significant thing is not the behaviour of the players but the attitude of the spectators: and, behind the spectators, of the nations who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriously believe—at any rate for short periods—that running, jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue. （Lesson 6）
【譯文】但是，令人感到意味深長的不是運(yùn)動(dòng)員的表現(xiàn)，而是觀眾的態(tài)度，以及觀眾身后各個(gè)國家的態(tài)度。面對(duì)著這些荒唐的比賽，參賽的各個(gè)國家會(huì)如癡如狂，甚至煞有介事地相信——至少在短期內(nèi)如此——跑跑、跳跳、踢踢球都是對(duì)一個(gè)國家品德素質(zhì)的檢驗(yàn)。
【講解】and, behind the spectators, of the nations…are tests of national virtue是對(duì)But the significant thing…the attitude of the spectators的引申。當(dāng)句子后有表示說明，解釋、引申的內(nèi)容時(shí)用冒號(hào)。behind spectators作定語，修飾nations，前置是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)。of the nations前省略了the attitude。work和believe是定語從句中的并列謂語。at any rate for short periods作插入語，句中的兩個(gè)破折號(hào)隔開被強(qiáng)調(diào)的插入語。
【句型17】To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions.（Lesson 7）
【譯文】要透徹理解這句話的含義，我們應(yīng)先回顧人類近的幾項(xiàng)發(fā)明。
【句型18】Chickens slaughtered in the United States, claim officials in Brussels, are not fit to grace European tables.（Lesson 8） 【譯文】布魯塞爾的官員說，在美國屠宰的雞不適于裝點(diǎn)歐洲的餐桌。 【講解】slaughtered in the United States為過去分詞短語，作定語，修飾chickens。此句也可以寫成Officials in Brussels say that chickens slaughtered in the United States are not fit to grace European tables. 原文的寫法是為了凸顯chickens slaughtered in the United States。本句和該課第二句是新聞?dòng)⒄Z中的常見句型： 【原文】No, say the American: our fowl are fine, we simply clean them in a different way. 【譯文】不，美國人說：我們的家禽很好，只是我們用了另一種方式清洗。 【講解】to get a full appreciation of what this means作目的狀語，修飾turn。不定式作狀語放在句首，比放在后邊更要正式，語氣較重。
【句型18】Chickens slaughtered in the United States, claim officials in Brussels, are not fit to grace European tables.（Lesson 8） 【譯文】布魯塞爾的官員說，在美國屠宰的雞不適于裝點(diǎn)歐洲的餐桌。 【講解】slaughtered in the United States為過去分詞短語，作定語，修飾chickens。此句也可以寫成Officials in Brussels say that chickens slaughtered in the United States are not fit to grace European tables. 原文的寫法是為了凸顯chickens slaughtered in the United States。本句和該課第二句是新聞?dòng)⒄Z中的常見句型： 【原文】No, say the American: our fowl are fine, we simply clean them in a different way. 【譯文】不，美國人說：我們的家禽很好，只是我們用了另一種方式清洗。 【講解】to get a full appreciation of what this means作目的狀語，修飾turn。不定式作狀語放在句首，比放在后邊更要正式，語氣較重。