新概念英語第二冊自學導讀Lesson 19

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    Lesson 19 自學導讀First things first
    課文詳注 Further notes on the text
    1.The play may begin at any moment. 劇馬上就要開演了。
    The guests may arrive at any moment.
    客人們馬上就要來了。
    It may/might rain(at) any moment.
    這天氣隨時都可能下雨。
    2.I'm sorry, we've sold out. 對不起,票已售完。
    (1)這句話中用了縮略形式 I'm(=I am) 和we've(=we have)??s 略形式一般用于口語和非正式文體中。在正式文體中要避免使用。
    (2)sell out為固定短語,可指“(店主)售完(某種貨物)” 、“(貨)被售完”:
    They have sold out of eggs.
    他們的雞蛋賣完了。
    Tickets for tonight's performance are sold out.
    今晚演出的門票已售完。
    3.What a pity! 真可惜!
    這是一個常用的表示可惜、遺憾的感嘆句。我們還可以說:
    What a pity(it is) you can't see their performance!
    你不能觀看他們的演出真是遺憾!
    4.I went back to the ticket office at once. 我馬上又回到 售票處。
    at once 為固定短語,在這里可譯為“馬上”、“立刻”:When he heard the news, he went home at once.
    聽到這消息,他立刻就回家了。
    Please come at once.
    請立刻就來。
    5.Could I have those two tickets please?我可以買那兩張票 嗎?
    (1)could 雖然是can的過去式,但在這里并不表示過去,而是指 現(xiàn)在。用could提出請求或建議比can要委婉。(cf.本課語法)
    (2)在這句話中,have=buy,是行為動詞。(cf. 第18課語法)
    6.I might as well have them. 我還是買下的好。
    may as well表示“還不如”、“無甚差別”,和might as well一 般可以互換:
    It's not very far, so we may/might as well go on foot.
    那地方不太遠,所以我們還不如走著去。
    語法 Grammar in use
    情態(tài)助動詞can與may
    can(過去式為 could)原義為“能”,表示“有能力”、“能夠 ”等:
    Can you drive a car?
    你會開車嗎?
    Jim couldn't run very fast when he was a boy.
    吉姆小時候不能跑很快。
    (1)請求別人允許或答復(fù)時一般用 can,could,may和may的過去 式 might。在這4個詞中,can常用,也不正式;could比can表示更 “猶豫”和客氣,通常用在不能確定請求是否會得到同意的時候;may 比can和could更正式、更客氣、更恭敬;might顯得猶豫,也客氣 、恭敬,但不及上述3個詞常用。實際上,是一般性的請求時,can, could,may往往可以互換。含有情態(tài)助動詞的普通答語為:
    肯定:
    Of course you can/may.
    你當然可以。(不可用could或might)
    否定:
    No, you can't/may not.
    不,你不可以。(不用could not或might not)
    試體會下列例句中這些詞的用法:
    Can I borrow your umbrella(please)?
    (請問)我能借用你的雨傘嗎?
    Could I borrow your umbrella(please)?
    (請問)我可以借用一下你的雨傘嗎?
    May I borrow your umbrella(please)?
    (請問)我可以借用您的雨傘嗎?
    Might I borrow your umbrella(please)?
    (請問)我是否可以借用您的雨傘?
    (2)may和might還可以表示可能。如果說話人對所說事實確信無疑,就可以用be或其他完全動詞:
    Jane is at home now.
    簡現(xiàn)在在家。(確切的事實)
    但如果不敢確定,則可以說:
    Jane may/might be at home.
    簡可能/或許在家。
    might比may更不確定。它們也可以表示過去可能已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的事:
    Has the post arrived yet?
    郵件來了嗎?
    It may have arrived.Why don't you ask John?He's been in all day.
    可能來了。你為什么不問一聲約翰呢?他一天都在(家)。(may+完成時)
    詞匯學習 Word study
    1.hurry
    (1)vi. 趕緊,趕快,匆忙:
    We'd better hurry if we want to see the performance.
    如果我們想看演出的話,我們好趕快走。
    Hurry up! The film may begin at any moment.
    快點!電影馬上就要開始了。
    When he saw that it was already eight o'clock, he hurried to the office.
    當他發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)8點鐘的時候,他趕緊去了辦公室。
    (2)n.急忙,匆忙,倉促:
    I'm in a hurry now. I'll write the letter tomorrow.
    我現(xiàn)在有急事。我明天再寫信。
    In his hurry, he dropped some coins on the floor.
    匆忙之中,他把一些硬幣掉在了地上。
    2.exclaim
    (1)vt.,vi. (由于痛苦、憤怒、驚異、欣喜等)叫喊,驚叫:
    When she saw the gift, she exclaimed in delight.
    她看到禮物后高興得叫了起來。
    ‘What a beautiful picture!’she exclaimed.
    她驚訝地叫道:“多美的一幅畫呀!”
    (2)vi.,(表示*等)大聲叫喊:
    She exclaimed against the rudeness of the young man.
    她憤怒地斥責那位年輕人的粗魯行為。
    3.return
    (1)vi. 回,返回:
    Tim has just returned from Australia.
    蒂姆剛從澳大利亞回來。
    He returned home yesterday.
    他昨天回來的。
    (2)vt. 把……送回,歸還,退回:
    He returned the books to the library.
    他把書還給了圖書館。
    He returned two tickets, as Jack and Tom were too busy and they couldn't go to the theatre.
    他退了兩張票,因為杰克和湯姆太忙了,不能去看戲。