2016年新SAT語法中的邏輯比較“潛規(guī)則”
今天是美國時間2016年3月5日,改革后的新SAT第一次考試剛剛在北美落下帷幕。新東方在線老師為親赴紐約了解第一手資訊,為廣大考生帶來新SAT首考最新動態(tài)。本文是新東方在線SAT教研組郭潔老師對新SAT語法中的邏輯比較考點做的分析:
首先,我們來看一看OG中對于邏輯比較考點的陳述:
Problems with illogical comparisons arise when unlike or dissimilar things are treated as equivalent. (OG P.151)
在新SAT有關(guān)比較的試題中,作比較的兩部分一定要具有可比性。在比較對象為A of B或者sb's +N的結(jié)構(gòu)中,第二個比較對象在SAT中如果采用省略形式,在做題時,要補出具有that of/those of 形式或者's的部分。
重要的事情說三遍:
When a sentence compares two or more things, check to make sure that the items being compared are parallel in nature.
那么當(dāng)出現(xiàn)哪些詞的時候我們需要特別注意比較的可比性呢?
當(dāng)題干中出現(xiàn)這些詞的時候,我們就要開始考慮比較對象是否可比這個問題。如何使得比較對象可比,我們主要挑選以下兩點來進行闡述。
1.關(guān)于補that 和those 的問題
先看下列例句:
The cost of living in the city differs from the suburb.
這是一個典型的錯句。句中的比較標(biāo)志詞是differ from, 句中用the cost of living in the city和the suburb做比較,這顯然是不可比的。正確的比較是:
The cost of living in the city differs from that in the suburb.
這個句子中如果比較的對象是可數(shù)單數(shù)或者不可數(shù)時,則第二個比較對象要用that來指代第一個比較對象;當(dāng)然,如果比較的對象是個復(fù)數(shù)概念,則第二個比較對象要用those來指代第一個比較對象。
下面我們結(jié)合真題來看一看新SAT語法是如何考察比較考點的。
KH11-Taking on Gatsby: A Director’s Tall Task:
Many viewers want to see the literary source portrayed on screen exactly as it was written, especially when the plot and characters are as memorable as [Q 4]that ofThe Great Gatsby.
Question 4.
A. NO CHANGE
B. those of
C. the one in
D. Delete the underlined portion.
本題中,比較的標(biāo)志詞是as…as, 是將plot and characters和The Great Gatsby的plot and characters 在做比較,plot and characters為復(fù)數(shù)概念,所以我們選擇用those 指代。正確答案:B
KH22-Toshio Fukuda: Medical Robotics Pioneer
Today, Dr. Fukuda has moved from the world of the micro-robot to [Q4]the macro-robot. He is busy developing full-sized medical models of patients scheduled to undergo complex surgical procedures.
Question 4.
本題中,比較的標(biāo)志詞是from…to…, 是將the world of the micro-robot和the world of macro-robot在做隱性比較,world為單數(shù)概念,所以我們選擇用that指代。正確答案:B
新SAT OG-T4-Q12
Some people buy organic food because they believe organically grown crops are more nutritious and safer for consumption than [Q12]the people who purchase their conventionally grown counterparts, which are usually produced with pesticides and synthetic fertilizers.
Question 12.
A. NO CHANGE (the people who purchase)
B. the purchase of
C. purchasing
D. DELETE the underlined portion.
本題中,比較的標(biāo)志詞是more nutritious and safer than…, 是將organically grown crops和conventionally grown counterparts在做比較(注意),而不是將crops和people或者purchase進行比較。正確答案:D
2.關(guān)于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中補助動詞的問題
在比較結(jié)構(gòu)的第二部分中,第二個比較對象后面常要補一個助動詞,以使比較對象更加清楚。試比較一下兩個句子的不同之處。
I love Mary more than my parents.
I love Mary more than my parents do.
第一個句子的意思是:"我愛Mary比我愛我父母多一些",是Mary與沒my parents之間做比較;而第二個句子的意思是"我要比我父母更愛Mary",是I與my parents之間做比較。
一般而言,當(dāng)兩個主語部分做比較時,SAT傾向于在第二個主語后加上助動詞(do/did/does, 助動詞的形式視前面動詞而定),助動詞的形式。例外情況是第一個主語后沒有賓語,如:I run more quickly than you. 在此句中,只能是I和you作比較,不會產(chǎn)生歧義。試看下列例句中補助動詞的用法。
Yesterday I went to the cinema earlier than they did. (前面動詞為一般過去時,第二個主語后補出did)
I do my homework better than Mary does. (前面動詞為一般現(xiàn)在時,第二個主語為三單,后補出does)
新SAT OG-T3-Q28:How Do You Like Those Apples?
But some fruits do not respond as well to 1‑M C P as others [Q28] did, and some even respond adversely.
Question 28.
A. NO CHANGE
B. do,
C. have,
D. will,
本題中,比較的標(biāo)志詞是as…as…, 是將some fruits respond to 1-MCP和others respond to 1-MCP在做隱性比較,respond為一般現(xiàn)在時,others 為復(fù)數(shù),所以我們選擇在others之后補出do。正確答案:B
以上就是新東方在線郭潔老師為大家?guī)淼男耂AT改革的語法內(nèi)容。最后預(yù)祝大家在2016新SAT考試中取得優(yōu)異成績。
今天是美國時間2016年3月5日,改革后的新SAT第一次考試剛剛在北美落下帷幕。新東方在線老師為親赴紐約了解第一手資訊,為廣大考生帶來新SAT首考最新動態(tài)。本文是新東方在線SAT教研組郭潔老師對新SAT語法中的邏輯比較考點做的分析:
首先,我們來看一看OG中對于邏輯比較考點的陳述:
Problems with illogical comparisons arise when unlike or dissimilar things are treated as equivalent. (OG P.151)
在新SAT有關(guān)比較的試題中,作比較的兩部分一定要具有可比性。在比較對象為A of B或者sb's +N的結(jié)構(gòu)中,第二個比較對象在SAT中如果采用省略形式,在做題時,要補出具有that of/those of 形式或者's的部分。
重要的事情說三遍:
When a sentence compares two or more things, check to make sure that the items being compared are parallel in nature.
那么當(dāng)出現(xiàn)哪些詞的時候我們需要特別注意比較的可比性呢?
比較關(guān)系 |
||||
同級比較 |
As…as |
|||
比較級 |
More…than |
adj-er than |
Less…than |
|
相似 |
Like |
Similar to |
||
差異 |
Unlike |
Be different/differ from |
Distinct from |
Compared with |
隱含比較 |
From…to… |
|||
當(dāng)題干中出現(xiàn)這些詞的時候,我們就要開始考慮比較對象是否可比這個問題。如何使得比較對象可比,我們主要挑選以下兩點來進行闡述。
1.關(guān)于補that 和those 的問題
先看下列例句:
The cost of living in the city differs from the suburb.
這是一個典型的錯句。句中的比較標(biāo)志詞是differ from, 句中用the cost of living in the city和the suburb做比較,這顯然是不可比的。正確的比較是:
The cost of living in the city differs from that in the suburb.
這個句子中如果比較的對象是可數(shù)單數(shù)或者不可數(shù)時,則第二個比較對象要用that來指代第一個比較對象;當(dāng)然,如果比較的對象是個復(fù)數(shù)概念,則第二個比較對象要用those來指代第一個比較對象。
下面我們結(jié)合真題來看一看新SAT語法是如何考察比較考點的。
KH11-Taking on Gatsby: A Director’s Tall Task:
Many viewers want to see the literary source portrayed on screen exactly as it was written, especially when the plot and characters are as memorable as [Q 4]that ofThe Great Gatsby.
Question 4.
A. NO CHANGE
B. those of
C. the one in
D. Delete the underlined portion.
本題中,比較的標(biāo)志詞是as…as, 是將plot and characters和The Great Gatsby的plot and characters 在做比較,plot and characters為復(fù)數(shù)概念,所以我們選擇用those 指代。正確答案:B
KH22-Toshio Fukuda: Medical Robotics Pioneer
Today, Dr. Fukuda has moved from the world of the micro-robot to [Q4]the macro-robot. He is busy developing full-sized medical models of patients scheduled to undergo complex surgical procedures.
Question 4.
- NO CHANGE
- that of the macro-robot.
- those of the macro-robot.
- macro-robots.
本題中,比較的標(biāo)志詞是from…to…, 是將the world of the micro-robot和the world of macro-robot在做隱性比較,world為單數(shù)概念,所以我們選擇用that指代。正確答案:B
新SAT OG-T4-Q12
Some people buy organic food because they believe organically grown crops are more nutritious and safer for consumption than [Q12]the people who purchase their conventionally grown counterparts, which are usually produced with pesticides and synthetic fertilizers.
Question 12.
A. NO CHANGE (the people who purchase)
B. the purchase of
C. purchasing
D. DELETE the underlined portion.
本題中,比較的標(biāo)志詞是more nutritious and safer than…, 是將organically grown crops和conventionally grown counterparts在做比較(注意),而不是將crops和people或者purchase進行比較。正確答案:D
2.關(guān)于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中補助動詞的問題
在比較結(jié)構(gòu)的第二部分中,第二個比較對象后面常要補一個助動詞,以使比較對象更加清楚。試比較一下兩個句子的不同之處。
I love Mary more than my parents.
I love Mary more than my parents do.
第一個句子的意思是:"我愛Mary比我愛我父母多一些",是Mary與沒my parents之間做比較;而第二個句子的意思是"我要比我父母更愛Mary",是I與my parents之間做比較。
一般而言,當(dāng)兩個主語部分做比較時,SAT傾向于在第二個主語后加上助動詞(do/did/does, 助動詞的形式視前面動詞而定),助動詞的形式。例外情況是第一個主語后沒有賓語,如:I run more quickly than you. 在此句中,只能是I和you作比較,不會產(chǎn)生歧義。試看下列例句中補助動詞的用法。
Yesterday I went to the cinema earlier than they did. (前面動詞為一般過去時,第二個主語后補出did)
I do my homework better than Mary does. (前面動詞為一般現(xiàn)在時,第二個主語為三單,后補出does)
新SAT OG-T3-Q28:How Do You Like Those Apples?
But some fruits do not respond as well to 1‑M C P as others [Q28] did, and some even respond adversely.
Question 28.
A. NO CHANGE
B. do,
C. have,
D. will,
本題中,比較的標(biāo)志詞是as…as…, 是將some fruits respond to 1-MCP和others respond to 1-MCP在做隱性比較,respond為一般現(xiàn)在時,others 為復(fù)數(shù),所以我們選擇在others之后補出do。正確答案:B
以上就是新東方在線郭潔老師為大家?guī)淼男耂AT改革的語法內(nèi)容。最后預(yù)祝大家在2016新SAT考試中取得優(yōu)異成績。

