For each blank(8-12),mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet.
34、根據(jù)下面內容，回答34-38題：
Coffee is worth approximately $ 50-60bn per annum in terms of world sales. It is a truly international commodity, and today more than 50 countries in the world grow coffee beans. (0)________13 ICO consists of61 governments, 43 of which are exporters and 18 of which are importers. The organi- zation helps coffee producers and promotes coffee consumption worldwide. ICO esti- mates that world production next year will reach 97. 5 million bags, ll. 3 million bags higher than the current year. (8)________ As the largest producing country, Brazil is par- ticularly important in the coffee world. In1994 Brazil was responsible for 25% of world production, Colombia was next with13.4%, Indonesia had 7.5%, Mexico4. 7%, Guatemala 3.8% and Ethiopia and Vietnam were equal with 3.4%.
Coffee is a tough crop, and can be grown in areas where it is difficult or impossible to grow other crops. ( 9 )________ However, disease is always a problem for coffee production, as we can see in some parts of South America at the moment. ICO is active in educating farmers about avoiding disease and dealing with problems when they occur. The distribution chain varies from country to country, explains Pablo Dubois. In most countries the smaller farmers sell their crop to a local trader, who then sells it on to ex- porters. There are, however, other distribu- tion systems. ( 10 )________ Some countries, like Vietnam, have special government mar- keting organizations for coffee.
Coffee prices often vary greatly from one year to the next. In 1997, for example there was a large rise in the world price, which was immediately felt by the consumer. Rising prices always result in a drop in sales, which will have a bad effect on those developing countries which are highly dependent on foreign exchange from coffee exports. ( 11 )________
In the opinion of Pablo Dubois, the biggest problem for his organization is to create greater consumer awareness of the different varieties of coffee and different ways of preparing it. ( 12 ) ________ICO is therefore concentrating its promotional activities on Russia and China. It is also encouraging environmentally friendly coffee production, and last year's seminar on coffee and the environment created a lot of interest.
The future looks bright for the coffee industry. It is estimated that consumption over the next few years will continue to rise steadily. New markets like Eastern Europe and China are expected to develop fast.
A．As a result, the membership now represents 94% of all exporters and 60% of all importers.
B．In some of these countries, this can amount to as much as 50% of all export earnings.
C．In North America, most consumers already have above-average knowledge of the range available.
D．For example, frost and wind are particularly damaging to coffee crops. E Larger coffee growers, for example, frequently export directly.
F．The main reason for this is higher Brazilian output as production recovers from weather damage to crops.
G．It is cultivated in mountain regions which can only be reached by animal transport,and in other difficult areas where modern agricultural equipment cannot be used.
__________
35、 __________
36、 __________
37、 __________
38、 __________
For each question(13-18),mark one letter(A,B,CorD)on your Answer Sheet.
39、根據(jù)下面內容，回答39-44題：
Working an eight-hour day is a luxury for most professional people. Nowadays, the only way to guarantee an eight-hour working day is to have the kind of job where you clock on and off. Those professionals who have managed to limit their hours to what was, ~0 years ago, the average do not wish to identify themselves. "I can quite easily achieve my work within a normal day, but I don't like to draw attention to it," says one sales manager."People looked at me when I leave at 5 o'clock. Now, I put paperwork in my bag. People assume I'm doing extra hours at home. "
But more typical is Mark, who works as an account manager. He says, "My contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours as necessary. It sounds as if the extra hours are exceptional. In fact, my job would be enough not only for me, but also for someone else part- time. The idea of an eight-hour day makes me laugh!" He says he has thought about going freelance but realizes that this doesn't guarantee better working hours.
Professors Cary Cooper, occupational psycholo- gist at the University of Manchester, is the author of the annual Quality of Working Life survey. The most recent survey found that 77% of managers in Britain work more than their contracted hours, and that this is having a damaging effect on their health, relationships and productivity. Professor Cooper is critical of the long-hours culture. He says that while bosses believe long hours lead to greater efficiency, there is no evidence to support this. "In fact, the evidence shows that long hours make you ill. "
There am, he says, steps that can be taken. One is to accept that the in-tray will never be empty."There are always things to do. You just have to make the rule that on certain days you go home early. " Prioritising work and doing essential tasks first helps, he says. He also thinks it's time to criticize bad employers and unreasonable terms of employment. " By all means, show commitment where necessary but when expectations are too high, people have to begin saying openly that they have a life outside of work. "
Personal development coach Mo Shapiro agrees that communication is important. Staff need to talk to managers about the working practices within a company. Both parties should feel that the expectations are realistic and allow them to have responsibilities and interests outside work. She recongnises, however, that in many organizations the response might well be, "If you want more interests outside work, then find another job. "
She believes that senior staff have a duty to set an example. "I recently worked for a finn of solicitors where the partners started at 7:30 a. m. What kind of message is that to send to the staff?" She believes there is no shame in working sensible hours in fact quite the reserve."Some people might be in at 7. 30 am but will be doing very little. You can work really hard from9 to 5 and achieve the same. If you find it difficult to achieve an eight-hour day, there is, as a last resort, the old trick of leaving your jacket on your chair and your computers switched on, even after you have left the building. "
What does the writer say in the first paragraph about people who work an eight-hour day?
A．They are reluctant to admit to this.
B．They are disliked by their colleagues.
C．They are limited to certain professions.
D．They often catch up on work in the evenings.
40、 What does Mark say about his work?
A．His main concern is job security.
B．Too much of his time at work is wasted.
C．The terms of his contract are misleading.
D．He objects to being given other people's work.
41、 What does Cary Cooper say about recent trends in the workplace?
A．He believes that a long working day is counter-productive.
B．He has doubts about the results of the Quality of Working Life survey.
C．He says that employers should accept the link between working hours and safety.
D．He argues that further research is needed into the relationship between work and health.
42、 How does Cary Cooper think people should deal with the requirements of the workplace?
A．Obtain help in negotiating terms of employment.
B．Let people know when demands are unreasonable.
C．Delegate the less important work to other staff.
D．Accept that the modern workplace is a competitive place.
43、 What does Mo Shapiro see as a problem for employees today?
A．They lack the communication skills that modern business requires.
B．Many employers would not regard requests for shorter hours favourably.
C．Most employers do not want to be responsible for the professional development of staff.
D．They have difficulties adapting to the rapid changes occurring in working practices.
44、 What does Mo Shapiro think about present working hours?
A．In many companies senior staff need to work a long day.
B．The best staff are efficient enough to finish their work within eight hours.
C．There are too many staff deceiving employers about their hours of work.
D．Top executives should use their influence to change the long-hours culture.
34、根據(jù)下面內容，回答34-38題：
Coffee is worth approximately $ 50-60bn per annum in terms of world sales. It is a truly international commodity, and today more than 50 countries in the world grow coffee beans. (0)________13 ICO consists of61 governments, 43 of which are exporters and 18 of which are importers. The organi- zation helps coffee producers and promotes coffee consumption worldwide. ICO esti- mates that world production next year will reach 97. 5 million bags, ll. 3 million bags higher than the current year. (8)________ As the largest producing country, Brazil is par- ticularly important in the coffee world. In1994 Brazil was responsible for 25% of world production, Colombia was next with13.4%, Indonesia had 7.5%, Mexico4. 7%, Guatemala 3.8% and Ethiopia and Vietnam were equal with 3.4%.
Coffee is a tough crop, and can be grown in areas where it is difficult or impossible to grow other crops. ( 9 )________ However, disease is always a problem for coffee production, as we can see in some parts of South America at the moment. ICO is active in educating farmers about avoiding disease and dealing with problems when they occur. The distribution chain varies from country to country, explains Pablo Dubois. In most countries the smaller farmers sell their crop to a local trader, who then sells it on to ex- porters. There are, however, other distribu- tion systems. ( 10 )________ Some countries, like Vietnam, have special government mar- keting organizations for coffee.
Coffee prices often vary greatly from one year to the next. In 1997, for example there was a large rise in the world price, which was immediately felt by the consumer. Rising prices always result in a drop in sales, which will have a bad effect on those developing countries which are highly dependent on foreign exchange from coffee exports. ( 11 )________
In the opinion of Pablo Dubois, the biggest problem for his organization is to create greater consumer awareness of the different varieties of coffee and different ways of preparing it. ( 12 ) ________ICO is therefore concentrating its promotional activities on Russia and China. It is also encouraging environmentally friendly coffee production, and last year's seminar on coffee and the environment created a lot of interest.
The future looks bright for the coffee industry. It is estimated that consumption over the next few years will continue to rise steadily. New markets like Eastern Europe and China are expected to develop fast.
A．As a result, the membership now represents 94% of all exporters and 60% of all importers.
B．In some of these countries, this can amount to as much as 50% of all export earnings.
C．In North America, most consumers already have above-average knowledge of the range available.
D．For example, frost and wind are particularly damaging to coffee crops. E Larger coffee growers, for example, frequently export directly.
F．The main reason for this is higher Brazilian output as production recovers from weather damage to crops.
G．It is cultivated in mountain regions which can only be reached by animal transport,and in other difficult areas where modern agricultural equipment cannot be used.
__________
35、 __________
36、 __________
37、 __________
38、 __________
For each question(13-18),mark one letter(A,B,CorD)on your Answer Sheet.
39、根據(jù)下面內容，回答39-44題：
Working an eight-hour day is a luxury for most professional people. Nowadays, the only way to guarantee an eight-hour working day is to have the kind of job where you clock on and off. Those professionals who have managed to limit their hours to what was, ~0 years ago, the average do not wish to identify themselves. "I can quite easily achieve my work within a normal day, but I don't like to draw attention to it," says one sales manager."People looked at me when I leave at 5 o'clock. Now, I put paperwork in my bag. People assume I'm doing extra hours at home. "
But more typical is Mark, who works as an account manager. He says, "My contract says I work from 9 until 5 with extra hours as necessary. It sounds as if the extra hours are exceptional. In fact, my job would be enough not only for me, but also for someone else part- time. The idea of an eight-hour day makes me laugh!" He says he has thought about going freelance but realizes that this doesn't guarantee better working hours.
Professors Cary Cooper, occupational psycholo- gist at the University of Manchester, is the author of the annual Quality of Working Life survey. The most recent survey found that 77% of managers in Britain work more than their contracted hours, and that this is having a damaging effect on their health, relationships and productivity. Professor Cooper is critical of the long-hours culture. He says that while bosses believe long hours lead to greater efficiency, there is no evidence to support this. "In fact, the evidence shows that long hours make you ill. "
There am, he says, steps that can be taken. One is to accept that the in-tray will never be empty."There are always things to do. You just have to make the rule that on certain days you go home early. " Prioritising work and doing essential tasks first helps, he says. He also thinks it's time to criticize bad employers and unreasonable terms of employment. " By all means, show commitment where necessary but when expectations are too high, people have to begin saying openly that they have a life outside of work. "
Personal development coach Mo Shapiro agrees that communication is important. Staff need to talk to managers about the working practices within a company. Both parties should feel that the expectations are realistic and allow them to have responsibilities and interests outside work. She recongnises, however, that in many organizations the response might well be, "If you want more interests outside work, then find another job. "
She believes that senior staff have a duty to set an example. "I recently worked for a finn of solicitors where the partners started at 7:30 a. m. What kind of message is that to send to the staff?" She believes there is no shame in working sensible hours in fact quite the reserve."Some people might be in at 7. 30 am but will be doing very little. You can work really hard from9 to 5 and achieve the same. If you find it difficult to achieve an eight-hour day, there is, as a last resort, the old trick of leaving your jacket on your chair and your computers switched on, even after you have left the building. "
What does the writer say in the first paragraph about people who work an eight-hour day?
A．They are reluctant to admit to this.
B．They are disliked by their colleagues.
C．They are limited to certain professions.
D．They often catch up on work in the evenings.
40、 What does Mark say about his work?
A．His main concern is job security.
B．Too much of his time at work is wasted.
C．The terms of his contract are misleading.
D．He objects to being given other people's work.
41、 What does Cary Cooper say about recent trends in the workplace?
A．He believes that a long working day is counter-productive.
B．He has doubts about the results of the Quality of Working Life survey.
C．He says that employers should accept the link between working hours and safety.
D．He argues that further research is needed into the relationship between work and health.
42、 How does Cary Cooper think people should deal with the requirements of the workplace?
A．Obtain help in negotiating terms of employment.
B．Let people know when demands are unreasonable.
C．Delegate the less important work to other staff.
D．Accept that the modern workplace is a competitive place.
43、 What does Mo Shapiro see as a problem for employees today?
A．They lack the communication skills that modern business requires.
B．Many employers would not regard requests for shorter hours favourably.
C．Most employers do not want to be responsible for the professional development of staff.
D．They have difficulties adapting to the rapid changes occurring in working practices.
44、 What does Mo Shapiro think about present working hours?
A．In many companies senior staff need to work a long day.
B．The best staff are efficient enough to finish their work within eight hours.
C．There are too many staff deceiving employers about their hours of work.
D．Top executives should use their influence to change the long-hours culture.