小學(xué)五年級(jí)英語下學(xué)期語法講解:疑問代詞

字號(hào):


    1) 疑問代詞在句中起名詞詞組的作用,用來構(gòu)成疑問句。疑問代詞有下列幾個(gè):
    指人: who, whom, whose
    指物: what
    既可指人又可指物: which
    2) 疑問代詞在句中應(yīng)位于謂語動(dòng)詞之前,沒有性和數(shù)的變化,除who之外也沒有格的變化。what, which, whose還可作限定詞。試比較:
    疑問代詞:Whose are these books on the desk?
    桌上的書是誰的?
    What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?
    美國的領(lǐng)土擴(kuò)張是朝哪個(gè)方向的?
    限定詞:Whose books are these on the desk?
    桌上的書是誰的?
    What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States? 哪些事件使密西西比河以東的大部分土地歸屬于美國?
    說明1:
    無論是做疑問代詞還是限定詞,which 和 what 所指的范圍不同。what所指的范圍是無限的,而which則指在一定的范圍內(nèi),例如:
    Which girls do you like best?
    你喜歡哪幾個(gè)姑娘?
    What girls do you like best?
    你喜歡什么樣的姑娘?
    說明2:
    Whom是who的賓格,在書面語中,它作動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞賓語,在口語中作賓語時(shí),可用who代替,但在介詞后只能用whom, 例如:
    Who(m) did you meet on the street?
    你在街上遇到了誰?(作動(dòng)詞賓語)
    Who(m) are you taking the book to?
    你要把這書帶給誰?(作介詞賓語,置句首)
    To whom did you speak on the campus?
    你在校園里和誰講話了?(作介詞賓語,置介詞 后,不能用who取代。)
    說明3:
    疑問代詞用于對(duì)介詞賓語提問時(shí),過去的文體中介詞和疑問代詞通常一起放在句首,現(xiàn)代英語中,疑問代詞在句首,介詞在句未,例如:
    For what do most people live and work?
    大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(舊文體)
    What are you looking for?
    你在找什么?(現(xiàn)代英語)
    說明4:
    疑問代詞還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,例如:
    I can't make out what he is driving at.
    我不知道他用意何在。
    Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?
    你能告訴我床上的藍(lán)襯衣是誰的嗎?
    Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
    你說的我大部分同意,但并不完全贊同。