9、ability；capacity；faculty；talent；skill；competence；aptitude.
These nouns denote the qualities in a person that permit or facilitate achievement or accomplishment.
這些名詞都表示某人具有取得進(jìn)步或成功的素質(zhì)。
Ability is the power，mental or physical，to do something.
Ability是指智力或體力上具有做某事的能力.。
“To make a fortune some assistance from fate is essential. Ability alone is insufficient”（Ihara.Saikaku）.
“要致富，光靠能力是不夠的，還得看機(jī)遇”（伊哈拉.塞科古）。
Capacity refers to an innate potential for growth，development，or accomplishment.
Capacity 指天賦的，如生長(zhǎng)、發(fā)展或成功的潛力。
“Not by age but by capacity is wisdom acquired”（Plautus）.
“智慧的獲得是依靠才能而不是年齡”（普洛提斯）。
Faculty denotes an inherent power or ability.
Faculty指內(nèi)在的力量或能力。
An unerring faculty for detecting hypocrisy is one of her most useful attributes.
能無(wú)誤地看出偽善的能力是她身上最有用的特征之一。
Talent emphasizes inborn ability，especially in the arts.
Talent強(qiáng)調(diào)天生的才能，尤其是在藝術(shù)方面。
“There is no substitute for talent. Industry and all the virtues are of no avail”（Aldous Huxley）.
“勤奮及其他的品質(zhì)都不能彌補(bǔ)天分的不足”（阿爾多斯。赫胥黎）。
Skill stresses ability that is acquired or developed through experience.
Skill強(qiáng)調(diào)由經(jīng)驗(yàn)而獲得或發(fā)展的能力。
“The intellect，character and skill possessed by any man are the product of certain original tendencies and the training which they have received”（EdwardL.Thorndike）.
“任何人的知識(shí)、性格和能力都是由起初的興趣加上后來(lái)接受的訓(xùn)練而得到的?！保◥?ài)德華L.桑戴克）。
Competence suggests the ability to do something satisfactorily but not necessarily outstandingly well.
Competence指能做到使人滿意但并不一定特別出眾的能力。
The concerto was performed by a violinist of unquestioned competence but limited imagination.
小提琴家所演奏的協(xié)奏曲毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)是出色的，但是缺乏想像力。
Aptitude implies inherent capacity for learning，understanding，or performing.
Aptitude暗指內(nèi)在的學(xué)習(xí)、理解和表演的才能。
Even as a child he showed an unusual aptitude for mathematics.
甚至孩童時(shí)他就顯露出非同一般的數(shù)學(xué)才能形容詞complete和perfect雖然都有“完全的”含義，但并非同義詞，在許多情況下它們只是詞義相近而已。
complete的含義是“完整無(wú)缺的”、“圓滿的”。He is a complete stranger to me.
我一點(diǎn)也不認(rèn)識(shí)他。（可以和perfect換用）
Before long，the noise dropped completely.不久，那轟鳴聲就完全消失了。
perfect不僅可表示“完整無(wú)缺”、“完全”或“純粹”，而且含有“完美無(wú)缺”、“勻稱”或“健全”的含義，總之它可以表示“盡善盡美”。由上可見(jiàn)，perfect可以表示complete 的含義，而complete只能表示perfect的一部分含義。但是，a complete stranger和a perfect stranger沒(méi)有什么差異，complete happiness和perfect happiness都表示了“美滿的幸?！?。
But as they soon discovered，disguises can sometimes be too per fect.
正象他們不久就發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，化裝效果有時(shí)可能太完美無(wú)缺了。
It is a perfect alibi.這完全是在開(kāi)脫罪責(zé)。
It's a perfect stranger here.我在這里完全是個(gè)陌生人。（可以換用complete）
注：perfect的同義詞有whole，entire；complete的同義詞有full，plenary.
complete，close，end，finish，conclude，terminate These verbs mean to bring or to come to a natural or proper stopping point.
這些動(dòng)詞都是指達(dá)到一個(gè)自然或適當(dāng)?shù)慕K點(diǎn)。
Complete suggests the final stage in bringing an undertaking to fruition.
Complete暗指取得成功的最后一步。
“Nothing worth doing is completed in our lifetime”（Reinhold Niebuhr）.
“我們這輩子連一件有意義的事也沒(méi)完成”（萊因霍爾德。尼泊赫）。
Close applies to the ending of something ongoing or continuing.
Close指正在進(jìn)行的事件接近終點(diǎn)。
The orchestra closed the concert with an encore.交響樂(lè)團(tuán)在再來(lái)一次的歡呼聲中結(jié)束了音樂(lè)會(huì)。
If there is a further falloff in ticket sales，the play will close.
如果門(mén)票銷售進(jìn)一步下跌，這個(gè)劇目就會(huì)停演。
End emphasizes finality.
End強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。
We ended the meal with fruit and cheese.我們最后吃的是水果和奶酪。
“Where laws end，tyranny begins”（William Pitt）.
“哪里沒(méi)有法制，*就從哪里開(kāi)始”（威廉姆。皮特）。
Finish is sometimes interchangeable with complete.
Finish有時(shí)可與complete互換。
These nouns denote the qualities in a person that permit or facilitate achievement or accomplishment.
這些名詞都表示某人具有取得進(jìn)步或成功的素質(zhì)。
Ability is the power，mental or physical，to do something.
Ability是指智力或體力上具有做某事的能力.。
“To make a fortune some assistance from fate is essential. Ability alone is insufficient”（Ihara.Saikaku）.
“要致富，光靠能力是不夠的，還得看機(jī)遇”（伊哈拉.塞科古）。
Capacity refers to an innate potential for growth，development，or accomplishment.
Capacity 指天賦的，如生長(zhǎng)、發(fā)展或成功的潛力。
“Not by age but by capacity is wisdom acquired”（Plautus）.
“智慧的獲得是依靠才能而不是年齡”（普洛提斯）。
Faculty denotes an inherent power or ability.
Faculty指內(nèi)在的力量或能力。
An unerring faculty for detecting hypocrisy is one of her most useful attributes.
能無(wú)誤地看出偽善的能力是她身上最有用的特征之一。
Talent emphasizes inborn ability，especially in the arts.
Talent強(qiáng)調(diào)天生的才能，尤其是在藝術(shù)方面。
“There is no substitute for talent. Industry and all the virtues are of no avail”（Aldous Huxley）.
“勤奮及其他的品質(zhì)都不能彌補(bǔ)天分的不足”（阿爾多斯。赫胥黎）。
Skill stresses ability that is acquired or developed through experience.
Skill強(qiáng)調(diào)由經(jīng)驗(yàn)而獲得或發(fā)展的能力。
“The intellect，character and skill possessed by any man are the product of certain original tendencies and the training which they have received”（EdwardL.Thorndike）.
“任何人的知識(shí)、性格和能力都是由起初的興趣加上后來(lái)接受的訓(xùn)練而得到的?！保◥?ài)德華L.桑戴克）。
Competence suggests the ability to do something satisfactorily but not necessarily outstandingly well.
Competence指能做到使人滿意但并不一定特別出眾的能力。
The concerto was performed by a violinist of unquestioned competence but limited imagination.
小提琴家所演奏的協(xié)奏曲毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)是出色的，但是缺乏想像力。
Aptitude implies inherent capacity for learning，understanding，or performing.
Aptitude暗指內(nèi)在的學(xué)習(xí)、理解和表演的才能。
Even as a child he showed an unusual aptitude for mathematics.
甚至孩童時(shí)他就顯露出非同一般的數(shù)學(xué)才能形容詞complete和perfect雖然都有“完全的”含義，但并非同義詞，在許多情況下它們只是詞義相近而已。
complete的含義是“完整無(wú)缺的”、“圓滿的”。He is a complete stranger to me.
我一點(diǎn)也不認(rèn)識(shí)他。（可以和perfect換用）
Before long，the noise dropped completely.不久，那轟鳴聲就完全消失了。
perfect不僅可表示“完整無(wú)缺”、“完全”或“純粹”，而且含有“完美無(wú)缺”、“勻稱”或“健全”的含義，總之它可以表示“盡善盡美”。由上可見(jiàn)，perfect可以表示complete 的含義，而complete只能表示perfect的一部分含義。但是，a complete stranger和a perfect stranger沒(méi)有什么差異，complete happiness和perfect happiness都表示了“美滿的幸?！?。
But as they soon discovered，disguises can sometimes be too per fect.
正象他們不久就發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，化裝效果有時(shí)可能太完美無(wú)缺了。
It is a perfect alibi.這完全是在開(kāi)脫罪責(zé)。
It's a perfect stranger here.我在這里完全是個(gè)陌生人。（可以換用complete）
注：perfect的同義詞有whole，entire；complete的同義詞有full，plenary.
complete，close，end，finish，conclude，terminate These verbs mean to bring or to come to a natural or proper stopping point.
這些動(dòng)詞都是指達(dá)到一個(gè)自然或適當(dāng)?shù)慕K點(diǎn)。
Complete suggests the final stage in bringing an undertaking to fruition.
Complete暗指取得成功的最后一步。
“Nothing worth doing is completed in our lifetime”（Reinhold Niebuhr）.
“我們這輩子連一件有意義的事也沒(méi)完成”（萊因霍爾德。尼泊赫）。
Close applies to the ending of something ongoing or continuing.
Close指正在進(jìn)行的事件接近終點(diǎn)。
The orchestra closed the concert with an encore.交響樂(lè)團(tuán)在再來(lái)一次的歡呼聲中結(jié)束了音樂(lè)會(huì)。
If there is a further falloff in ticket sales，the play will close.
如果門(mén)票銷售進(jìn)一步下跌，這個(gè)劇目就會(huì)停演。
End emphasizes finality.
End強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。
We ended the meal with fruit and cheese.我們最后吃的是水果和奶酪。
“Where laws end，tyranny begins”（William Pitt）.
“哪里沒(méi)有法制，*就從哪里開(kāi)始”（威廉姆。皮特）。
Finish is sometimes interchangeable with complete.
Finish有時(shí)可與complete互換。