中考英語詞匯專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)單詞拼寫

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近年來,全國各地中考試題中普遍采用了“單詞拼寫”這個題型,它要求考生根據(jù)漢語注釋、所給單詞的首字母或根據(jù)句意完成單詞。這種題型是融詞法、句法、語義、詞形于一體的綜合運(yùn)用語言知識的主觀性測試題,突出考查學(xué)生的語言運(yùn)用能力。同學(xué)們除熟記單詞、強(qiáng)化對單詞拼寫題的訓(xùn)練外,掌握其應(yīng)試的解題方法和技巧也是很重要的。下面結(jié)合中考試題,談?wù)剢卧~拼寫題的解題技巧。
    一、考查單詞的拼寫能力
    1.The new boy had so many strange questions that his teacher didn't u ____ him.
    2.People use____ (現(xiàn)代的)machines to do much work.
    3.There are 31days in____ (八月).
    (Key:1.understand 2.modern 4.August)
    [點(diǎn)撥]這類題所考查的詞一般較長,無詞形變化,主要考查同學(xué)們的記憶和拼寫能力。
    二、考查詞形變化和語法知識的運(yùn)用能力
    5.Nearly two weeks has____ (過去)since he went there.
    6.Who is a bit____ (瘦),Lily or Lucy?
    7.He sings English songs very ____ (好).
    8.Can you answer the____ (第三個)question in English?
    9.Two bridges were____ (建造)across the Ganjiang River a few years ago.
    10.Jane liked the two beautiful dictionaries very much,but she ____ (買)neither.They were both too expensive for her.
    11.It will be____ (多云的)tomorrow,won't it?
    12.In autumn the ground is often covered with fallen l ____ after a strong wind.
    13.Dick preferred singing to____ (跳舞).
    14.The shop sells(婦女)handbags.
    (Key:5.passed 6.thinner 7.well 8.third 9.built 10.bought 11.cloudy 12.leaves 13.dancing 14.women's)
    [點(diǎn)撥]這類詞的考查,要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)句意、語法知識及結(jié)構(gòu),分析要用什么形式。其解題步驟為:
    首先,要認(rèn)真閱讀全句,正確理解句意,雖然題中有可能已給出應(yīng)填詞的漢意,但英語與漢語并不是永遠(yuǎn)能一一對等的,因此正確理解全句有利于準(zhǔn)確判斷應(yīng)填的單詞。
    第二,要分析應(yīng)填詞充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑_判斷應(yīng)填詞的詞性。
    第三,要判斷所填詞應(yīng)采用的正確詞形。若為名詞,應(yīng)注意其單復(fù)數(shù)、可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)及其所有格形式;若為動詞,應(yīng)注意人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及非謂語動詞形式;若為修飾語,應(yīng)注意修飾名詞或代詞時(shí)用形容詞,而修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句時(shí)要用副詞;若為代詞,注意代詞的各種形式;若為形容詞、副詞,應(yīng)注意等級變化。
    三、考查近義詞語的辨異與英漢語言之間的區(qū)別
    15.How long may I ____ (借)thebook?
    16.The boy drew a big elephant____ (用) his pencil.
    17.How long will it____ (花費(fèi))you to build the new building?
    18.They went ____ (穿過)the forest and reached the small village.
    19.He won't do it.I won't do it, ____ (也).
    (Key:15.keep 16.with17.take 18.through 19.either)〖點(diǎn)撥〗同樣意思的詞有時(shí)會有多個,而到底哪個最切題意、最符合英語習(xí)慣呢?一是需要同學(xué)們平時(shí)掌握好近義詞語的用法和英漢兩種語言的差異;二是要從句子結(jié)構(gòu)入手判斷該詞在句中的