Lesson 5 Youth
第五課青年
by FIELDEN HUGHES
from Out of the Air, The Listener
5-1. People are always talking about 'the problem of youth'.
【譯文】人們總是在談?wù)摗扒嗄陠?wèn)題”。
5-2. If there is one—which I take leave to doubt—then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves.
【譯文】假如確有這個(gè)問(wèn)題的話——我冒昧對(duì)此表示懷疑——那么這個(gè)問(wèn)題是由老年人而非青年人臆造的。
【講解】 if there is one中的one指a problem of youth。which I take leave to doubt系插入語(yǔ)。the young意為“年輕人”。the＋形容詞表示具有某種性質(zhì)的一類人。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
take leave to do sth.:冒昧做某事，擅自做某事。
5-3. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings—people just like their elders.
【譯文】讓我們來(lái)認(rèn)真研究一些基本事實(shí)：承認(rèn)青年和他們的長(zhǎng)輩一樣終究也是人。
【講解】people just like their elders作the young的同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)其進(jìn)一步解說(shuō)。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
fundamentals：基本原則（或原理），根本法則（或規(guī)律）；基礎(chǔ)。
例如：
master the fundamentals of a trade 掌握某行業(yè)的基本規(guī)律
5-4. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.
【譯文】老年人和年輕人只有一個(gè)區(qū)別：青年人有光輝燦爛的前景，而老年人的輝煌已成為過(guò)去。問(wèn)題的癥結(jié)恐怕就在于此。
【講解】a young one中one替代man以避免重復(fù)。關(guān)于句中的兩個(gè)冒號(hào)，前一個(gè)介紹difference的同位語(yǔ)，后一個(gè)引出說(shuō)明性內(nèi)容。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
the rub：困難，障礙。
例如：
There’s the rub. 難就難在這兒。
We’d like to travel, but the rub is that we have no money.
我們喜歡旅行，問(wèn)題是沒(méi)有錢。
5-5. When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain—that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem.
【譯文】我十幾歲時(shí)，總覺(jué)得自己年輕，懵懵懂懂——我感到我就像一所大學(xué)校里的新生，假如我當(dāng)時(shí)真的極為有趣地被人看作是個(gè)問(wèn)題，我真會(huì)感到非常得意。
【講解】that I was a new…problem作felt的賓語(yǔ)，破折號(hào)表示引出被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分。
請(qǐng)注意句中的暗喻（metaphor）修辭手法，作者把社會(huì)比作a huge school，把自己比作a new boy。I would have been very pleased是表示與過(guò)于事實(shí)不符的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)。to be regarded as…a problem相當(dāng)于if anyone regarded me as…a problem，表示條件，作原因狀語(yǔ)，修飾pleased。漢語(yǔ)的條件句一般位于主句之前，所以這里的to be regarded as…a problem譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)前移。so interesting as a problem作something的定語(yǔ)。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
uncertain的名詞形式是uncertainty。
5-6. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.
【譯文】因?yàn)檫@至少使我具有某種個(gè)性，這正是年輕人孜孜以求的事情之一。
【講解】that指being a problem gives you a certain identity。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
identity：個(gè)性，特性（the qualities and attitudes that a person or group of people have, that make them different from other people），
例如：
The planners decided to enlarge the four villages and preserve their distinct identities.
設(shè)計(jì)者們決定擴(kuò)大這4個(gè)村莊并保留它們各自的特色。
The struggle of people in that area to maintain their own identities is continuing.
那地區(qū)人民維護(hù)自身獨(dú)特性的斗爭(zhēng)仍在繼續(xù)。
5-7. I find young people exciting.
第五課青年
by FIELDEN HUGHES
from Out of the Air, The Listener
5-1. People are always talking about 'the problem of youth'.
【譯文】人們總是在談?wù)摗扒嗄陠?wèn)題”。
5-2. If there is one—which I take leave to doubt—then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves.
【譯文】假如確有這個(gè)問(wèn)題的話——我冒昧對(duì)此表示懷疑——那么這個(gè)問(wèn)題是由老年人而非青年人臆造的。
【講解】 if there is one中的one指a problem of youth。which I take leave to doubt系插入語(yǔ)。the young意為“年輕人”。the＋形容詞表示具有某種性質(zhì)的一類人。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
take leave to do sth.:冒昧做某事，擅自做某事。
5-3. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings—people just like their elders.
【譯文】讓我們來(lái)認(rèn)真研究一些基本事實(shí)：承認(rèn)青年和他們的長(zhǎng)輩一樣終究也是人。
【講解】people just like their elders作the young的同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)其進(jìn)一步解說(shuō)。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
fundamentals：基本原則（或原理），根本法則（或規(guī)律）；基礎(chǔ)。
例如：
master the fundamentals of a trade 掌握某行業(yè)的基本規(guī)律
5-4. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.
【譯文】老年人和年輕人只有一個(gè)區(qū)別：青年人有光輝燦爛的前景，而老年人的輝煌已成為過(guò)去。問(wèn)題的癥結(jié)恐怕就在于此。
【講解】a young one中one替代man以避免重復(fù)。關(guān)于句中的兩個(gè)冒號(hào)，前一個(gè)介紹difference的同位語(yǔ)，后一個(gè)引出說(shuō)明性內(nèi)容。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
the rub：困難，障礙。
例如：
There’s the rub. 難就難在這兒。
We’d like to travel, but the rub is that we have no money.
我們喜歡旅行，問(wèn)題是沒(méi)有錢。
5-5. When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain—that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem.
【譯文】我十幾歲時(shí)，總覺(jué)得自己年輕，懵懵懂懂——我感到我就像一所大學(xué)校里的新生，假如我當(dāng)時(shí)真的極為有趣地被人看作是個(gè)問(wèn)題，我真會(huì)感到非常得意。
【講解】that I was a new…problem作felt的賓語(yǔ)，破折號(hào)表示引出被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分。
請(qǐng)注意句中的暗喻（metaphor）修辭手法，作者把社會(huì)比作a huge school，把自己比作a new boy。I would have been very pleased是表示與過(guò)于事實(shí)不符的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)。to be regarded as…a problem相當(dāng)于if anyone regarded me as…a problem，表示條件，作原因狀語(yǔ)，修飾pleased。漢語(yǔ)的條件句一般位于主句之前，所以這里的to be regarded as…a problem譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)前移。so interesting as a problem作something的定語(yǔ)。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
uncertain的名詞形式是uncertainty。
5-6. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.
【譯文】因?yàn)檫@至少使我具有某種個(gè)性，這正是年輕人孜孜以求的事情之一。
【講解】that指being a problem gives you a certain identity。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
identity：個(gè)性，特性（the qualities and attitudes that a person or group of people have, that make them different from other people），
例如：
The planners decided to enlarge the four villages and preserve their distinct identities.
設(shè)計(jì)者們決定擴(kuò)大這4個(gè)村莊并保留它們各自的特色。
The struggle of people in that area to maintain their own identities is continuing.
那地區(qū)人民維護(hù)自身獨(dú)特性的斗爭(zhēng)仍在繼續(xù)。
5-7. I find young people exciting.