英語(yǔ)四級(jí)口語(yǔ):抗戰(zhàn)70周年勝利之戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)術(shù)語(yǔ)盤(pán)點(diǎn)

字號(hào):

近日,英語(yǔ)翻譯圈掀起了一場(chǎng)學(xué)習(xí)抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)術(shù)語(yǔ)的熱潮。現(xiàn)根據(jù)中央編譯局最新發(fā)布的抗日詞匯翻譯,分類整理了抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間的重大事件、戰(zhàn)役、戰(zhàn)術(shù)等相關(guān)表達(dá)。
    事變:Incident
    重大事件,像“……事變”,英文多用Incident表示,如:
    九一八事變
    September 18th Incident
    七七事變(盧溝橋事變)
    July 7th Incident (Lugou Bridge Incident)
    會(huì)戰(zhàn):Battle of...
    “……會(huì)戰(zhàn)”,這類術(shù)語(yǔ)用Battle of...或者Campaign表示, 另外,“大捷”也用battle of...,如:
    淞滬會(huì)戰(zhàn):Battle of Shanghai
    武漢會(huì)戰(zhàn):Battle of Wuhan
    百團(tuán)大戰(zhàn):Hundred-Regiment Campaign
    平型關(guān)大捷
    Battle of Pingxingguan; victory atPingxingguan
    臺(tái)兒莊大捷
    Battle of Tai’ erzhuang; victory at Tai’erzhuang
    戰(zhàn)術(shù):warfare
    表示戰(zhàn)術(shù)的,像“持久戰(zhàn)、游擊戰(zhàn)”等,使用warfare,如:
    持久戰(zhàn):protracted war
    游擊戰(zhàn):guerrilla warfare
    運(yùn)動(dòng)戰(zhàn):mobile warfare
    地道戰(zhàn):tunnel warfare
    地雷戰(zhàn):landmine warfare
    細(xì)菌戰(zhàn):germ warfare
    化學(xué)戰(zhàn):chemical warfare
    “……區(qū)”:area
    “解放區(qū)”、“游擊區(qū)”這類,則用area,很簡(jiǎn)單啦,如:
    解放區(qū):liberated area
    游擊區(qū):guerrilla area
    敵占區(qū)(淪陷區(qū))
    enemy-occupied area; occupied area
    “三光”政策:policy
    “三光”政策,即燒光、殺光、搶光。
    翻譯為:”Three Alls”policy (kill all, burn all, loot all)
    掃蕩、蠶食,清鄉(xiāng):operation
    抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中,日軍對(duì)中國(guó)實(shí)施了掃蕩、蠶食,清鄉(xiāng)政策,這三個(gè)表達(dá)均為...operation,具體表達(dá)如下:
    “掃蕩”:“mopping-up”operation
    “蠶食”:“gnawing-away”operation
    “清鄉(xiāng)”:“pacification” operation