Who Built Giza’s Pyramids（金字塔）?
誰(shuí)修建的吉薩大金字塔？
1 For centuries, the pyramids of Giza have been timeless symbols of Egyptian culture. But who actually built them? For years,we did not know for sure. But archeologists（考古學(xué)家） recently discovered an ancient village near the pyramids. Close by, there was also a cemetery（墓地）where pyramid builders were buried. From studying these places, archeologists can now confirm that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners. Ordinary Egyptians built them.
1 數(shù)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，吉薩大金字塔一直是埃及文化永恒的象征，但是，誰(shuí)修建了它們呢？多年來(lái)，我們都沒(méi)有確切的得答案。近來(lái)考古學(xué)家在金字塔附近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)古代的村莊，附近有一個(gè)墓地，里面埋葬了金字塔的修建者。通過(guò)研究這個(gè)地方，考古學(xué)家現(xiàn)在課可以確認(rèn)金字塔不是由奴隸和外星人修建的，而是由普通的埃及人修建的。
2 It took about eighty years to build the pyramids.According to archeologists, about 20, 000 — 30, 000 people were involved in completing the task. The workers had different roles. Some dug up the rock,some moved it, and some shaped it into blocks. People also worked on different teams, each with its own name. On a wall in Khufu’s Great Pyramid, for example,a group of workers wrote “Friends of Khufu.” Teams often competed to do a job faster.
2 修建這個(gè)金字塔大約花了80年的時(shí)間，考古學(xué)家認(rèn)為，兩萬(wàn)到三萬(wàn)人完成了這個(gè)工程，工人們分工協(xié)作，有的挖石頭，有的運(yùn)石頭，有的打磨石頭成型，人們分成不同的小隊(duì)，有不同的名字。比如，在胡夫金字塔的墻上，一組工人寫(xiě)著“胡夫的朋友”小隊(duì)常常競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而使工作進(jìn)展的更快。
3 Life for these workers was hard. "We can see that in their skeletons（骨架）,” says Azza Mohamed Sarry El-Din, a scientist studying bodies found in the cemetery. The bones show signs of arthritis（關(guān)節(jié)炎） which developed from carrying heavy things for a long time. Archeologists have also found many female skeletons in the village and cemetery. The damage to their bones is similar to the men’s. Their lives may have been even tougher: male workers lived to age 40—45, but women to only 30—35. However, workers usually had enough food, and they also had medical care if they got sick or hurt.
3 工人的生活很艱難。 “從他們的骨架來(lái)看，這些骨骼有關(guān)節(jié)炎的跡象，是由于長(zhǎng)時(shí)間負(fù)重形成的，一位研究墓葬中尸體的科學(xué)家Azza Mohamed Sarry El-Din說(shuō)?？脊艑W(xué)家在村莊里墓葬里還發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多女性的骨骼，她們骨骼的損傷和男性相似。她們的生活甚至更差，男性活到40到45歲，女性只能活到30到35歲。然而，工人們通常有足夠的食物。如果他們受傷或者生病了，也會(huì)得到醫(yī)療護(hù)理。
4 The work was challenging, but laborers were proud of their work. "It’s because they were not just building the tomb of their king,” says Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass. “They were building Egypt. It was a national project, and everyone was a participant. ”
4 這個(gè)工作十分有挑戰(zhàn)性，但是工人以此為榮。這是因?yàn)樗麄儾粌H僅是在修建國(guó)王的墳?zāi)?，他們也是在修建埃及，這是一個(gè)國(guó)家工程，每個(gè)人都是參與者。埃及考古學(xué)家Zahi Hawass說(shuō)。
誰(shuí)修建的吉薩大金字塔？
1 For centuries, the pyramids of Giza have been timeless symbols of Egyptian culture. But who actually built them? For years,we did not know for sure. But archeologists（考古學(xué)家） recently discovered an ancient village near the pyramids. Close by, there was also a cemetery（墓地）where pyramid builders were buried. From studying these places, archeologists can now confirm that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners. Ordinary Egyptians built them.
1 數(shù)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，吉薩大金字塔一直是埃及文化永恒的象征，但是，誰(shuí)修建了它們呢？多年來(lái)，我們都沒(méi)有確切的得答案。近來(lái)考古學(xué)家在金字塔附近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)古代的村莊，附近有一個(gè)墓地，里面埋葬了金字塔的修建者。通過(guò)研究這個(gè)地方，考古學(xué)家現(xiàn)在課可以確認(rèn)金字塔不是由奴隸和外星人修建的，而是由普通的埃及人修建的。
2 It took about eighty years to build the pyramids.According to archeologists, about 20, 000 — 30, 000 people were involved in completing the task. The workers had different roles. Some dug up the rock,some moved it, and some shaped it into blocks. People also worked on different teams, each with its own name. On a wall in Khufu’s Great Pyramid, for example,a group of workers wrote “Friends of Khufu.” Teams often competed to do a job faster.
2 修建這個(gè)金字塔大約花了80年的時(shí)間，考古學(xué)家認(rèn)為，兩萬(wàn)到三萬(wàn)人完成了這個(gè)工程，工人們分工協(xié)作，有的挖石頭，有的運(yùn)石頭，有的打磨石頭成型，人們分成不同的小隊(duì)，有不同的名字。比如，在胡夫金字塔的墻上，一組工人寫(xiě)著“胡夫的朋友”小隊(duì)常常競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而使工作進(jìn)展的更快。
3 Life for these workers was hard. "We can see that in their skeletons（骨架）,” says Azza Mohamed Sarry El-Din, a scientist studying bodies found in the cemetery. The bones show signs of arthritis（關(guān)節(jié)炎） which developed from carrying heavy things for a long time. Archeologists have also found many female skeletons in the village and cemetery. The damage to their bones is similar to the men’s. Their lives may have been even tougher: male workers lived to age 40—45, but women to only 30—35. However, workers usually had enough food, and they also had medical care if they got sick or hurt.
3 工人的生活很艱難。 “從他們的骨架來(lái)看，這些骨骼有關(guān)節(jié)炎的跡象，是由于長(zhǎng)時(shí)間負(fù)重形成的，一位研究墓葬中尸體的科學(xué)家Azza Mohamed Sarry El-Din說(shuō)?？脊艑W(xué)家在村莊里墓葬里還發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多女性的骨骼，她們骨骼的損傷和男性相似。她們的生活甚至更差，男性活到40到45歲，女性只能活到30到35歲。然而，工人們通常有足夠的食物。如果他們受傷或者生病了，也會(huì)得到醫(yī)療護(hù)理。
4 The work was challenging, but laborers were proud of their work. "It’s because they were not just building the tomb of their king,” says Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass. “They were building Egypt. It was a national project, and everyone was a participant. ”
4 這個(gè)工作十分有挑戰(zhàn)性，但是工人以此為榮。這是因?yàn)樗麄儾粌H僅是在修建國(guó)王的墳?zāi)?，他們也是在修建埃及，這是一個(gè)國(guó)家工程，每個(gè)人都是參與者。埃及考古學(xué)家Zahi Hawass說(shuō)。