Lesson 1 A Puma at large 逃遁的美洲獅
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
Where must the puma have come from?
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.參考譯文
美洲獅是一種體形似貓的大動物，產(chǎn)于美洲。當(dāng)倫敦動物園接到報告說，在倫敦以南45英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)一只美洲獅時，這些報告并沒有受到重視?？墒?，隨著證據(jù)越來越多，動物園的專家們感到有必要進行一番調(diào)查，因為凡是聲稱見到過美洲獅的人們所描述的情況竟是出奇地相似。
搜尋美洲獅的工作是從一座小村莊開始的。那里的一位婦女在采摘黑莓時的看見“一只大貓”，離她僅5碼遠，她剛看見它，它就立刻逃走了。專家證實，美洲獅非被逼得走投無路，是決不會傷人的。事實上搜尋工作很困難，因為常常是早晨在甲地發(fā)現(xiàn)那只美洲獅，晚上卻在20英里外的乙地發(fā)現(xiàn)它的蹤跡。無論它走哪兒，一路上總會留下一串死鹿及死兔子之類的小動物，在許多地方看見爪印，灌木叢中發(fā)現(xiàn)了粘在上面的美洲獅毛。有人抱怨說夜里聽見“像貓一樣的叫聲”；一位商人去釣魚，看見那只美洲獅在樹上。專家們?nèi)缃褚呀?jīng)完全肯定那只動物就是美洲獅，但它是從哪兒來的呢？由于全國動物園沒有一家報告丟了美洲獅，因此那只美洲獅一定是某位私人收藏豢養(yǎng)的，不知怎么設(shè)法逃出來了。搜尋工作進行了好幾個星期，但始終未能逮住那只美洲獅。想到在寧靜的鄉(xiāng)村里有一頭危險的野獸繼續(xù)逍遙流竄，真令人擔(dān)心。重點詞匯
1. puma n. 美洲獅
The descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
聲稱目擊了這只美洲獅的人所描述的情況竟出奇的相似。
2. spot v. 看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)
Custom officer carry out spot check on incoming car.
海關(guān)官員對入境的車輛進行抽查。
3. evidence n. 證據(jù)
We have substantial evidence for lodging a claim.
我們有足夠證據(jù)提出索賠
4. accumulate v. 積累，積聚
To accumulate and store away, as for future use.
儲存積聚或貯存起來，如為了將來使用
5. oblige v. 使……感到必須
We'd be happy to oblige.
我們樂于效勞。
6. hunt n. 追獵；尋找
I took part in the tiger hunt.
我參加了獵虎。
7. blackberry n. 黑莓
Garden plant whose capsule discloses when ripe a mass of seeds resembling a blackberry.
一種園林植物，蒴果成熟時開裂，散出大量的種子，象一種懸鉤子。8. human being 人類
Less than human or not worthy of a human being
低于人類或者不配作為人
9. corner v. 使走投無路，使陷入困境
The police finally cornered the thief.
警察終于把那個小偷逼入一個角落。
10. trail n. 一串，一系列
The car raised a trail of dust.
汽車掀起了一股塵土。
11. print n. 印痕
The prints were underdeveloped.
這些照片顯影不足。
12. cling v. 粘
Dewdrops were still clinging on the trees.
露珠仍沾在樹上。
13.convince v. 使……信服
Compulsion will never result in convincing them.
強迫永遠不會使他們信服。
14. somehow adv. 不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因
Somehow we lost our way.
不知怎么地我們迷了路。
15. disturb v. 令人不安
His passion for his cause disturbed me.
他對事業(yè)的熱情使我焦慮不安。課文講解
1. at large
逃遁的, 沒有被控制的
The thief is still at large
詳細地（= in detail）
I need talk to you at large
總體來講（= as a whole）
The students at large are hungry for English.
2. Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.
在英文的表達方式中，首先呈現(xiàn)給讀者的是結(jié)果（和中文不同）
英文擅長用長句，中文擅長用短句。
-- Pandas are large cat-like animals which are found in Asia. （panda n.熊貓）
cat-like 貓一樣的, 偷偷摸摸的 / dog-like 狗一樣的 / life-like 栩栩如生的
3. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.
同種結(jié)構(gòu)的句型：(An idea) come to sb.某人突然想到了……
一般來講定語從句和同位語從句緊隨在被修飾名詞的后面，但為了保持句子平衡，也可以把謂語動詞放到從句之前
1> 定語從句只是對于被修飾詞的補充說明、修飾
-- 定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：
-- 指人：主語who；賓語who, whom；定語whose
-- 指物：that（也可以指人）/ which
-- 時間狀語：when / 地點狀語：where / 原因狀語：why
2> 同位語從句則是講述被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容
-- 同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：
-- 名詞(做主語、賓語等)：關(guān)系詞用that而不是which
-- 時間：when；地點：where
-- 定語從句中沒有what這個關(guān)系詞，但what可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句
-- An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.
---I have no idea what has happened to him.
they were not taken seriously
take sth seriously = deal with sth seriously 認(rèn)真地對待某事
-- I always take your suggestions seriously.
take sth lightly 草率地對待某事 （lightly adv.輕率地）
-- Don’t take the hot potato lightly （hot potato n.棘手的問題）
注意：例句的they指的是reports, 意思是：The experts did not take the reports seriously.4. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
However adv.然而(起轉(zhuǎn)折作用)
As 連詞：隨著, 當(dāng)...之時
過去分詞做定語：
the descriptions given by people
the story told by the sailor (n.海員, 水手, 船員)
a book written by Luxun
claim to have done sth 聲稱曾經(jīng)做過某事
He claimed to have been the manager of the large shop.
5. The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her.
Where a woman picking… 定語從句
-- I still remember the school where I studied English.
6. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.
Confirm = be sure = be certain (confirm vt.確定)
Unless it is cornered = if it is not cornered (unless conj.如果不, 除非)
-- He will accept the job unless the salary is too low.
7. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.
這個語境中：hunt=search
8. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.
把某物留在后面：leave behind
-- Wherever he went, the wound left behind him a trail of blood.（n.血）
9. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes.
英文表達方式習(xí)慣用被動語態(tài), 突出客觀事實。而中文則善于運用動作的執(zhí)行者。
Puma fur was found clinging to bushes. （被動）
We found the puma fur clinging to bushes. （主動）
clinging to bushes是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做賓補10. Several people complained of “cat-like noises’ at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree.
complain of/about sth 抱怨某事
on 名詞：強調(diào)動作正在進行
on the rise 在上升 / on the increase 在增加
on the watch 在觀看 / on the match 在比賽中
on the fishing trip 在釣魚的途中 / on holiday 在度假
11. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from?
fully（adv.充分地, 完全地）= completely = entirely
12. As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.
sth be in the possession of sb = sth be in sb’spossession 某物歸某人所有(主語是物)
The beautiful car is in my possession.= The beautiful car is in the possession of me.
sb be in possession of sth 某人擁有某物(主語是人)
I am in possession of the beautiful car.（in possession of… 做表語）
The person in possession of the big house is excited. （in possession of… 做定語）
take possession of… 擁有…
13. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught.
went on = lasted （last vi.繼續(xù), 持續(xù)）
14. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
It is disturbing to think that... 一想到…就心理不安
It is disturbing to think that I fail my examination
in the quiet countryside 在寧靜的山村推薦背誦課文
1. When reports came into London Zoothat a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, …
倫敦動物園接到報告說，在倫敦以南45英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)一只美洲獅時
2. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed thata puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.
家證實，美洲獅非被逼得走投無路，是決不會傷人的。
Not…unless…
3. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trailof dead deer and small animals like rabbits.
無論它走哪兒，一路上總會留下一串死鹿及死兔子之類的小動物，
4. this one must have been in the possessionof a private collector and some how managed to escape.
因此那只美洲獅一定是某位私人收藏豢養(yǎng)的，不知怎么設(shè)法逃出來了。相關(guān)資料
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Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
Where must the puma have come from?
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.參考譯文
美洲獅是一種體形似貓的大動物，產(chǎn)于美洲。當(dāng)倫敦動物園接到報告說，在倫敦以南45英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)一只美洲獅時，這些報告并沒有受到重視?？墒?，隨著證據(jù)越來越多，動物園的專家們感到有必要進行一番調(diào)查，因為凡是聲稱見到過美洲獅的人們所描述的情況竟是出奇地相似。
搜尋美洲獅的工作是從一座小村莊開始的。那里的一位婦女在采摘黑莓時的看見“一只大貓”，離她僅5碼遠，她剛看見它，它就立刻逃走了。專家證實，美洲獅非被逼得走投無路，是決不會傷人的。事實上搜尋工作很困難，因為常常是早晨在甲地發(fā)現(xiàn)那只美洲獅，晚上卻在20英里外的乙地發(fā)現(xiàn)它的蹤跡。無論它走哪兒，一路上總會留下一串死鹿及死兔子之類的小動物，在許多地方看見爪印，灌木叢中發(fā)現(xiàn)了粘在上面的美洲獅毛。有人抱怨說夜里聽見“像貓一樣的叫聲”；一位商人去釣魚，看見那只美洲獅在樹上。專家們?nèi)缃褚呀?jīng)完全肯定那只動物就是美洲獅，但它是從哪兒來的呢？由于全國動物園沒有一家報告丟了美洲獅，因此那只美洲獅一定是某位私人收藏豢養(yǎng)的，不知怎么設(shè)法逃出來了。搜尋工作進行了好幾個星期，但始終未能逮住那只美洲獅。想到在寧靜的鄉(xiāng)村里有一頭危險的野獸繼續(xù)逍遙流竄，真令人擔(dān)心。重點詞匯
1. puma n. 美洲獅
The descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
聲稱目擊了這只美洲獅的人所描述的情況竟出奇的相似。
2. spot v. 看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)
Custom officer carry out spot check on incoming car.
海關(guān)官員對入境的車輛進行抽查。
3. evidence n. 證據(jù)
We have substantial evidence for lodging a claim.
我們有足夠證據(jù)提出索賠
4. accumulate v. 積累，積聚
To accumulate and store away, as for future use.
儲存積聚或貯存起來，如為了將來使用
5. oblige v. 使……感到必須
We'd be happy to oblige.
我們樂于效勞。
6. hunt n. 追獵；尋找
I took part in the tiger hunt.
我參加了獵虎。
7. blackberry n. 黑莓
Garden plant whose capsule discloses when ripe a mass of seeds resembling a blackberry.
一種園林植物，蒴果成熟時開裂，散出大量的種子，象一種懸鉤子。8. human being 人類
Less than human or not worthy of a human being
低于人類或者不配作為人
9. corner v. 使走投無路，使陷入困境
The police finally cornered the thief.
警察終于把那個小偷逼入一個角落。
10. trail n. 一串，一系列
The car raised a trail of dust.
汽車掀起了一股塵土。
11. print n. 印痕
The prints were underdeveloped.
這些照片顯影不足。
12. cling v. 粘
Dewdrops were still clinging on the trees.
露珠仍沾在樹上。
13.convince v. 使……信服
Compulsion will never result in convincing them.
強迫永遠不會使他們信服。
14. somehow adv. 不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因
Somehow we lost our way.
不知怎么地我們迷了路。
15. disturb v. 令人不安
His passion for his cause disturbed me.
他對事業(yè)的熱情使我焦慮不安。課文講解
1. at large
逃遁的, 沒有被控制的
The thief is still at large
詳細地（= in detail）
I need talk to you at large
總體來講（= as a whole）
The students at large are hungry for English.
2. Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.
在英文的表達方式中，首先呈現(xiàn)給讀者的是結(jié)果（和中文不同）
英文擅長用長句，中文擅長用短句。
-- Pandas are large cat-like animals which are found in Asia. （panda n.熊貓）
cat-like 貓一樣的, 偷偷摸摸的 / dog-like 狗一樣的 / life-like 栩栩如生的
3. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.
同種結(jié)構(gòu)的句型：(An idea) come to sb.某人突然想到了……
一般來講定語從句和同位語從句緊隨在被修飾名詞的后面，但為了保持句子平衡，也可以把謂語動詞放到從句之前
1> 定語從句只是對于被修飾詞的補充說明、修飾
-- 定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：
-- 指人：主語who；賓語who, whom；定語whose
-- 指物：that（也可以指人）/ which
-- 時間狀語：when / 地點狀語：where / 原因狀語：why
2> 同位語從句則是講述被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容
-- 同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：
-- 名詞(做主語、賓語等)：關(guān)系詞用that而不是which
-- 時間：when；地點：where
-- 定語從句中沒有what這個關(guān)系詞，但what可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句
-- An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.
---I have no idea what has happened to him.
they were not taken seriously
take sth seriously = deal with sth seriously 認(rèn)真地對待某事
-- I always take your suggestions seriously.
take sth lightly 草率地對待某事 （lightly adv.輕率地）
-- Don’t take the hot potato lightly （hot potato n.棘手的問題）
注意：例句的they指的是reports, 意思是：The experts did not take the reports seriously.4. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
However adv.然而(起轉(zhuǎn)折作用)
As 連詞：隨著, 當(dāng)...之時
過去分詞做定語：
the descriptions given by people
the story told by the sailor (n.海員, 水手, 船員)
a book written by Luxun
claim to have done sth 聲稱曾經(jīng)做過某事
He claimed to have been the manager of the large shop.
5. The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her.
Where a woman picking… 定語從句
-- I still remember the school where I studied English.
6. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.
Confirm = be sure = be certain (confirm vt.確定)
Unless it is cornered = if it is not cornered (unless conj.如果不, 除非)
-- He will accept the job unless the salary is too low.
7. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.
這個語境中：hunt=search
8. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.
把某物留在后面：leave behind
-- Wherever he went, the wound left behind him a trail of blood.（n.血）
9. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes.
英文表達方式習(xí)慣用被動語態(tài), 突出客觀事實。而中文則善于運用動作的執(zhí)行者。
Puma fur was found clinging to bushes. （被動）
We found the puma fur clinging to bushes. （主動）
clinging to bushes是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做賓補10. Several people complained of “cat-like noises’ at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree.
complain of/about sth 抱怨某事
on 名詞：強調(diào)動作正在進行
on the rise 在上升 / on the increase 在增加
on the watch 在觀看 / on the match 在比賽中
on the fishing trip 在釣魚的途中 / on holiday 在度假
11. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from?
fully（adv.充分地, 完全地）= completely = entirely
12. As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.
sth be in the possession of sb = sth be in sb’spossession 某物歸某人所有(主語是物)
The beautiful car is in my possession.= The beautiful car is in the possession of me.
sb be in possession of sth 某人擁有某物(主語是人)
I am in possession of the beautiful car.（in possession of… 做表語）
The person in possession of the big house is excited. （in possession of… 做定語）
take possession of… 擁有…
13. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught.
went on = lasted （last vi.繼續(xù), 持續(xù)）
14. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
It is disturbing to think that... 一想到…就心理不安
It is disturbing to think that I fail my examination
in the quiet countryside 在寧靜的山村推薦背誦課文
1. When reports came into London Zoothat a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, …
倫敦動物園接到報告說，在倫敦以南45英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)一只美洲獅時
2. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed thata puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.
家證實，美洲獅非被逼得走投無路，是決不會傷人的。
Not…unless…
3. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trailof dead deer and small animals like rabbits.
無論它走哪兒，一路上總會留下一串死鹿及死兔子之類的小動物，
4. this one must have been in the possessionof a private collector and some how managed to escape.
因此那只美洲獅一定是某位私人收藏豢養(yǎng)的，不知怎么設(shè)法逃出來了。相關(guān)資料
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