Lesson 46 Expensive and uncomfortable
【New words and expressions】（12）
unload v. 卸（貨）
wooden adj. 木制的
extremely adv. 非常，極其
occur v. 發(fā)生
astonish v. 使驚訝
pile n. 堆
woollen n. 羊毛的
goods n. （常用復(fù)數(shù)）貨物，商品
discover v. 發(fā)現(xiàn)
admit v. 承認(rèn)
confine v. 關(guān)在（一個(gè)狹小的空間里）
normal adj. 正常的，通常的
★unload v. 卸（貨）
load v. 裝貨
★extremely [iks5tri:mli] adv. 非常, 極其
extremely 把一個(gè)形容詞或副詞推到了極限，達(dá)到了無以復(fù)加的程度
I am extremely tired. 我累極了
★occur vi. 發(fā)生
① vi. 發(fā)生
When did the accident occur？
② vi. 被想起，被想到
It occured to sb. that… 某人想起了……
It occured to me that I didn't finish my homework. 我想起我還沒完成作業(yè)
It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人想起了……
It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.
突然一個(gè)工人想到打開箱子看看
sth. occur to sb. 某人突然想起某件事 (從后面往前面翻)
A good idea occured to me. = I have a good idea.
happen vi. 發(fā)生
What happened/occured ?
It happened to me… 這件事發(fā)生在我身上
What happened to the clavichord?
What happened to you? = What's wrong with you? 什么事發(fā)生在你身上?
★astonish [Es5tCniF] vt. 使驚訝
如果一個(gè)動(dòng)詞跟人的情緒有關(guān)，則它的賓語是人，其形容詞有兩個(gè)：令人 –ing；感到 -ed
astonishing adj. 令人驚訝 ； astonished adj. 感到驚訝的
I am surprised.-->astonished-->astounded-->shocked 驚訝程度遞增
surprise 常用,但意思膚淺
astonished 難以置信的事
astound [Es5taund] vt. 使驚駭, 使大吃一驚 (非常吃驚, 目瞪口呆)
shock 不快的事情
★discover v. 發(fā)現(xiàn) (屬于那種以前你不知道的事現(xiàn)在知道了)
discovery [dis5kQvEri] n. 探索，發(fā)現(xiàn)
★admit v. 承認(rèn)
① vt. 承認(rèn)，供認(rèn)
admit sth. / admit doing sth. 承認(rèn)做某事
I admit having lunch.
admit that… 承認(rèn)……
Sally admitted that she had used your dictionary.
deny sth. /deny doing sth. 拒絕做……
② vt. 準(zhǔn)許……進(jìn)入，準(zhǔn)許……加入
Without a ticket you won’t be admitted into cinema.
They won’t admit him into/to the government.
★confine v. 關(guān)在或局限在某個(gè)地方(一個(gè)狹小的空間里)
sb. was confined to +地點(diǎn) 某人被關(guān)在某個(gè)地方
sb. was confined to the room.
【Text】
When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was astonished at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of wooden goods. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay $3,500 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is $2,000! 參考譯文
當(dāng)一架來自倫敦的飛機(jī)抵達(dá)悉尼機(jī)場時(shí), 工人們開始卸下裝有服裝的一批木箱. 其中有只箱子特別重, 可誰也弄不清是怎么回事. 突然一個(gè)工人想到打開箱子看看. 看到的情景使吃驚, 箱內(nèi)有一個(gè)人正躺在一堆毛織品之上. 他由于被人發(fā)現(xiàn)而感到非常吃驚, 甚至都沒有企圖逃跑. 此人被逮捕后, 承認(rèn)他是在飛機(jī)離開倫敦前躲進(jìn)箱里的. 他經(jīng)歷了漫長而又難受的旅程, 因?yàn)樗谀悄鞠淅飷灹?8個(gè)多小時(shí). 此人被責(zé)令交付旅費(fèi)3,500英鎊, 而正常票價(jià)是2,000英鎊!
【課文講解】
1、Expensive and uncomfortable
It is too expensive! 貴得令人不能接受
The book is dear. 這本書有點(diǎn)貴（dear [diE] adj.昂貴的, 親愛的）
2、When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing.
a number of… 許多，若干……
You’ve made a number of mistakes in typing this letter.
unload 的含義為“卸（貨）”，它的反義詞為load（裝貨）。與形容詞uncomfortable，unsmiling等相似，有些動(dòng)詞加前綴un可以表示做相反的動(dòng)作。
clothing服裝的總稱，不可數(shù)名詞，在分類時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)衣服這一種類，可以包括鞋、帽等；clothes一般指衣服，表示"衣服"的單數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式, 表示許多衣服。
3、No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy.
No one could account for the fact that… 誰也弄不清楚……這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)
No one knows… 沒有人知道……
account for = explain= give the explanation 說明原因、作出說明（或解釋），但也有區(qū)別，account 的解釋必須是令人滿意的，而explain 卻只要是一個(gè)解釋就行
The bad weather in England accounts for Harrison’s decision to leave the country.
How do you account for the battered car?
that后面的從句為fact的同位語從句，說明fact的具體內(nèi)容。
一個(gè)句子跟在一個(gè)名詞后，可以是定語從句，也可以是同位語從句。兩者的區(qū)別是同位語從句后的that是起解釋說明的作用，而定語從句是起修飾作用；that在從句中做主語或賓語成分，則是定語從句，that在從句中不能做主語或賓語成分，則是同位語從句
My friend Lucy 同位語
He couldn’t explain the fact that Mary’s wallet was found in his room.
4、It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.
sth. occurred to sb. 某人想起某事
open up 打開
When he received the gifts, he opened them up at once.
5、He was astonished at what he found.
sb. be astonished at sth. 某事使/讓某人吃驚
Sam appears astonished at the news/sound.
what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作介詞at的賓語，what = the thing which/that…
6、A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of wooden goods.
a pile of 一堆……
piles of snow 一堆堆的雪
on top of 在……之上（與頂端有接觸面）
at the top of 在……上方（at the top of之前的詞屬于其之后的詞的范圍之內(nèi)）
7、He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours.
have a trip = go on a trip
be confined to 把……限制起來
Last weekend, Tom’s mother confined him to his room.
for在文中這里強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí), 而非原因
over = more than
8、The man was ordered to pay $3,500 for the cost of the trip.
pay…for… 為……付錢，為……付出代價(jià)
She paid $50 for that dress.
cost of… ……的花費(fèi), 費(fèi)用
the cost of government 政府開支
【Key structures】
與 to, at, for和 with連用的動(dòng)詞
與to連用的動(dòng)詞：accustom(ed) to（習(xí)慣于）；amount to（達(dá)到）；appeal to（呼吁）；apply to /for（適用于）；attach(ed) to（附屬于）；attend to（參加）；belong to（屬于）；challenge to（向……提出挑戰(zhàn)）；compare to /with（比較）；condemn(ed) to（判刑）；confess to（承認(rèn)）；confine to（限制）；consent to（同意）；convert to（改信(某宗教)）；entitle(d) to（享有權(quán)利）；listen to（聽）；mention to（提到）；object to（反對）； occur to（想到）； prefer to（更喜歡）；react to /against（對……反應(yīng)）；reply to（回答）；respond to（響應(yīng)）；see to（注意）；submit to（服從于）； surrender to（向……投降）；turn to（轉(zhuǎn)向）；yield to（屈服）。 I prefer listening to music to reading newspapers.
Will you see to this flower while I’m away? 我不在的時(shí)候你照看一下這花好嗎？
I shall see to the dinner tonight. 今晚我做晚飯。
與at連用的動(dòng)詞：amused at/by（對……感到有趣）；arrive at/in（到達(dá)）；astonish (ed) at/ by（感到驚愕）；exclaim at（驚叫）；glance at（對……看一眼）；guess at（猜測）；knock at（敲）；look at（看）；point at/to（指向）；shock(ed) at / by（感到震驚）；stare at（盯著……看）；surprise(d) at /by（感到驚訝）；wonder at/about（感到驚異）；work at/on（鉆研）。 at通常用于表達(dá)感情的一些詞之后，并且這些詞往往用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，at用于其它動(dòng)詞之后一般為主動(dòng)語態(tài)。 He was astonished at what he found.
Dan was both surprised and amused at the news.
與 for連用的動(dòng)詞：account for（說明(原因)）；ask for/of（請求）；act for/on（代表）；apologize for（因……而道歉）；blame for（責(zé)備）；beg for（乞求）；call for（需要）；charge for（收費(fèi)）；exchange for（交換）；hope for（希望）；look for（尋找）；mistake for（誤認(rèn)為）；mourn for（哀悼）；pay for（為……付款）；prepare for（準(zhǔn)備）；provide for（提供）；search for（尋求）；thank for（感謝）；vote for/on 投票支持；wait for/on（等候）。 He was searched for the stolen money.
Can you account for his strange behavious?
與with連用的動(dòng)詞：agree with（同意）；begin with（以……開始）；communicate with（與……聯(lián)絡(luò)）；compare with/to（與……比較）；compete with/against（同……競爭）；comply with（同意；confuse with（誤作）；contrast with/to（形成對照）；cope with（對付）；correspond with（與……一致）；disgust(ed) with（使……討厭）；finish with（完成）；help with/ in（幫助）；interfere with/in（干擾）；mix with（混合）；occupy(ied) with（從事于）；part with（放棄）；please(d) with（對……滿意）；quarrel with/about（爭論）；reason with（規(guī)勸）；satisfy (fied) with/by（感到滿足）；threaten (ed) with（威脅）。
I’m pleased with this room.
Sam used to mix with those people. 薩姆過去常與那些人交往。
We’ll begin with the exercises. 我們從練習(xí)開始。
【Multiple choice questions】
2 The man had hidden in the box ___c___.
a. to get to Sydney b. because it contained woollen goods
c. to avoid paying the fare from London to Sydney
d. because no one would find him
because后面加原因；to后面加目的
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
fare n. 車費(fèi)，乘坐的交通工具的費(fèi)用
4 Which boxes contained clothing? ___d___.
a.The wooden b. The wood c. The woody ones d. The wooden ones
the wooden 木頭的； the wood 木頭（表示木頭制的東西用wooden）
woody [5wudi] adj. 多樹木的, 木本的, 木頭般的, 木制的
【New words and expressions】（12）
unload v. 卸（貨）
wooden adj. 木制的
extremely adv. 非常，極其
occur v. 發(fā)生
astonish v. 使驚訝
pile n. 堆
woollen n. 羊毛的
goods n. （常用復(fù)數(shù)）貨物，商品
discover v. 發(fā)現(xiàn)
admit v. 承認(rèn)
confine v. 關(guān)在（一個(gè)狹小的空間里）
normal adj. 正常的，通常的
★unload v. 卸（貨）
load v. 裝貨
★extremely [iks5tri:mli] adv. 非常, 極其
extremely 把一個(gè)形容詞或副詞推到了極限，達(dá)到了無以復(fù)加的程度
I am extremely tired. 我累極了
★occur vi. 發(fā)生
① vi. 發(fā)生
When did the accident occur？
② vi. 被想起，被想到
It occured to sb. that… 某人想起了……
It occured to me that I didn't finish my homework. 我想起我還沒完成作業(yè)
It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人想起了……
It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.
突然一個(gè)工人想到打開箱子看看
sth. occur to sb. 某人突然想起某件事 (從后面往前面翻)
A good idea occured to me. = I have a good idea.
happen vi. 發(fā)生
What happened/occured ?
It happened to me… 這件事發(fā)生在我身上
What happened to the clavichord?
What happened to you? = What's wrong with you? 什么事發(fā)生在你身上?
★astonish [Es5tCniF] vt. 使驚訝
如果一個(gè)動(dòng)詞跟人的情緒有關(guān)，則它的賓語是人，其形容詞有兩個(gè)：令人 –ing；感到 -ed
astonishing adj. 令人驚訝 ； astonished adj. 感到驚訝的
I am surprised.-->astonished-->astounded-->shocked 驚訝程度遞增
surprise 常用,但意思膚淺
astonished 難以置信的事
astound [Es5taund] vt. 使驚駭, 使大吃一驚 (非常吃驚, 目瞪口呆)
shock 不快的事情
★discover v. 發(fā)現(xiàn) (屬于那種以前你不知道的事現(xiàn)在知道了)
discovery [dis5kQvEri] n. 探索，發(fā)現(xiàn)
★admit v. 承認(rèn)
① vt. 承認(rèn)，供認(rèn)
admit sth. / admit doing sth. 承認(rèn)做某事
I admit having lunch.
admit that… 承認(rèn)……
Sally admitted that she had used your dictionary.
deny sth. /deny doing sth. 拒絕做……
② vt. 準(zhǔn)許……進(jìn)入，準(zhǔn)許……加入
Without a ticket you won’t be admitted into cinema.
They won’t admit him into/to the government.
★confine v. 關(guān)在或局限在某個(gè)地方(一個(gè)狹小的空間里)
sb. was confined to +地點(diǎn) 某人被關(guān)在某個(gè)地方
sb. was confined to the room.
【Text】
When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was astonished at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of wooden goods. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay $3,500 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is $2,000! 參考譯文
當(dāng)一架來自倫敦的飛機(jī)抵達(dá)悉尼機(jī)場時(shí), 工人們開始卸下裝有服裝的一批木箱. 其中有只箱子特別重, 可誰也弄不清是怎么回事. 突然一個(gè)工人想到打開箱子看看. 看到的情景使吃驚, 箱內(nèi)有一個(gè)人正躺在一堆毛織品之上. 他由于被人發(fā)現(xiàn)而感到非常吃驚, 甚至都沒有企圖逃跑. 此人被逮捕后, 承認(rèn)他是在飛機(jī)離開倫敦前躲進(jìn)箱里的. 他經(jīng)歷了漫長而又難受的旅程, 因?yàn)樗谀悄鞠淅飷灹?8個(gè)多小時(shí). 此人被責(zé)令交付旅費(fèi)3,500英鎊, 而正常票價(jià)是2,000英鎊!
【課文講解】
1、Expensive and uncomfortable
It is too expensive! 貴得令人不能接受
The book is dear. 這本書有點(diǎn)貴（dear [diE] adj.昂貴的, 親愛的）
2、When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing.
a number of… 許多，若干……
You’ve made a number of mistakes in typing this letter.
unload 的含義為“卸（貨）”，它的反義詞為load（裝貨）。與形容詞uncomfortable，unsmiling等相似，有些動(dòng)詞加前綴un可以表示做相反的動(dòng)作。
clothing服裝的總稱，不可數(shù)名詞，在分類時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)衣服這一種類，可以包括鞋、帽等；clothes一般指衣服，表示"衣服"的單數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式, 表示許多衣服。
3、No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy.
No one could account for the fact that… 誰也弄不清楚……這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)
No one knows… 沒有人知道……
account for = explain= give the explanation 說明原因、作出說明（或解釋），但也有區(qū)別，account 的解釋必須是令人滿意的，而explain 卻只要是一個(gè)解釋就行
The bad weather in England accounts for Harrison’s decision to leave the country.
How do you account for the battered car?
that后面的從句為fact的同位語從句，說明fact的具體內(nèi)容。
一個(gè)句子跟在一個(gè)名詞后，可以是定語從句，也可以是同位語從句。兩者的區(qū)別是同位語從句后的that是起解釋說明的作用，而定語從句是起修飾作用；that在從句中做主語或賓語成分，則是定語從句，that在從句中不能做主語或賓語成分，則是同位語從句
My friend Lucy 同位語
He couldn’t explain the fact that Mary’s wallet was found in his room.
4、It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.
sth. occurred to sb. 某人想起某事
open up 打開
When he received the gifts, he opened them up at once.
5、He was astonished at what he found.
sb. be astonished at sth. 某事使/讓某人吃驚
Sam appears astonished at the news/sound.
what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作介詞at的賓語，what = the thing which/that…
6、A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of wooden goods.
a pile of 一堆……
piles of snow 一堆堆的雪
on top of 在……之上（與頂端有接觸面）
at the top of 在……上方（at the top of之前的詞屬于其之后的詞的范圍之內(nèi)）
7、He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours.
have a trip = go on a trip
be confined to 把……限制起來
Last weekend, Tom’s mother confined him to his room.
for在文中這里強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí), 而非原因
over = more than
8、The man was ordered to pay $3,500 for the cost of the trip.
pay…for… 為……付錢，為……付出代價(jià)
She paid $50 for that dress.
cost of… ……的花費(fèi), 費(fèi)用
the cost of government 政府開支
【Key structures】
與 to, at, for和 with連用的動(dòng)詞
與to連用的動(dòng)詞：accustom(ed) to（習(xí)慣于）；amount to（達(dá)到）；appeal to（呼吁）；apply to /for（適用于）；attach(ed) to（附屬于）；attend to（參加）；belong to（屬于）；challenge to（向……提出挑戰(zhàn)）；compare to /with（比較）；condemn(ed) to（判刑）；confess to（承認(rèn)）；confine to（限制）；consent to（同意）；convert to（改信(某宗教)）；entitle(d) to（享有權(quán)利）；listen to（聽）；mention to（提到）；object to（反對）； occur to（想到）； prefer to（更喜歡）；react to /against（對……反應(yīng)）；reply to（回答）；respond to（響應(yīng)）；see to（注意）；submit to（服從于）； surrender to（向……投降）；turn to（轉(zhuǎn)向）；yield to（屈服）。 I prefer listening to music to reading newspapers.
Will you see to this flower while I’m away? 我不在的時(shí)候你照看一下這花好嗎？
I shall see to the dinner tonight. 今晚我做晚飯。
與at連用的動(dòng)詞：amused at/by（對……感到有趣）；arrive at/in（到達(dá)）；astonish (ed) at/ by（感到驚愕）；exclaim at（驚叫）；glance at（對……看一眼）；guess at（猜測）；knock at（敲）；look at（看）；point at/to（指向）；shock(ed) at / by（感到震驚）；stare at（盯著……看）；surprise(d) at /by（感到驚訝）；wonder at/about（感到驚異）；work at/on（鉆研）。 at通常用于表達(dá)感情的一些詞之后，并且這些詞往往用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，at用于其它動(dòng)詞之后一般為主動(dòng)語態(tài)。 He was astonished at what he found.
Dan was both surprised and amused at the news.
與 for連用的動(dòng)詞：account for（說明(原因)）；ask for/of（請求）；act for/on（代表）；apologize for（因……而道歉）；blame for（責(zé)備）；beg for（乞求）；call for（需要）；charge for（收費(fèi)）；exchange for（交換）；hope for（希望）；look for（尋找）；mistake for（誤認(rèn)為）；mourn for（哀悼）；pay for（為……付款）；prepare for（準(zhǔn)備）；provide for（提供）；search for（尋求）；thank for（感謝）；vote for/on 投票支持；wait for/on（等候）。 He was searched for the stolen money.
Can you account for his strange behavious?
與with連用的動(dòng)詞：agree with（同意）；begin with（以……開始）；communicate with（與……聯(lián)絡(luò)）；compare with/to（與……比較）；compete with/against（同……競爭）；comply with（同意；confuse with（誤作）；contrast with/to（形成對照）；cope with（對付）；correspond with（與……一致）；disgust(ed) with（使……討厭）；finish with（完成）；help with/ in（幫助）；interfere with/in（干擾）；mix with（混合）；occupy(ied) with（從事于）；part with（放棄）；please(d) with（對……滿意）；quarrel with/about（爭論）；reason with（規(guī)勸）；satisfy (fied) with/by（感到滿足）；threaten (ed) with（威脅）。
I’m pleased with this room.
Sam used to mix with those people. 薩姆過去常與那些人交往。
We’ll begin with the exercises. 我們從練習(xí)開始。
【Multiple choice questions】
2 The man had hidden in the box ___c___.
a. to get to Sydney b. because it contained woollen goods
c. to avoid paying the fare from London to Sydney
d. because no one would find him
because后面加原因；to后面加目的
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
fare n. 車費(fèi)，乘坐的交通工具的費(fèi)用
4 Which boxes contained clothing? ___d___.
a.The wooden b. The wood c. The woody ones d. The wooden ones
the wooden 木頭的； the wood 木頭（表示木頭制的東西用wooden）
woody [5wudi] adj. 多樹木的, 木本的, 木頭般的, 木制的