2016年考研英語閱讀:例證題常見四種題型特點(diǎn)

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      此前在分析例證題的題型特點(diǎn)和解題辦法時(shí)將例證題分為例子在文首和例子在文中兩種情況。例子在文中又可進(jìn)一步分為四種情況:
      一、 例子在文中,觀點(diǎn)在同一段的前面
      【2001 text 2 57.】【2003 text 4 57.】【2007 text 4 38.】
      二、例子在段首,觀點(diǎn)為段落結(jié)尾句
      【2003 text 2】
      48、The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's ________.
      [A]discontent with animal research
      [B]ignorance about medical science
      [C]indifference to epidemics
      [D]anxiety about animal rights
      【分析】這道例證題的特點(diǎn)是,例子在段首,到這一段的最后一句話之前,通過對(duì)末句的觀察,我們看到末句是一個(gè)論述總結(jié)性的句子,觀點(diǎn)即為最后一句話,正確答案為B。
      對(duì)比:【2004 text 2】
      46、What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?
      [A] A kind of overlooked inequality
      [B] A type of conspicuous bias
      [C] A type of personal prejudice
      [D] A kind of brand discrimination
      【分析】這道題和上一個(gè)例子從形式上看如出一轍,但是仔細(xì)觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)例子后的句子同樣是在講例子、擺事實(shí),不是總結(jié)論述的話,所以這道題的觀點(diǎn)只能往前面找,就找到了一段中的中心句或最后一句,都可以得出答案,正確答案為A。
      三、例子獨(dú)立一段,觀點(diǎn)在前面
      二階真題閱讀中沒有,這種情況比如在2002 text 1這篇文章中二段整段都為例子,其論證的觀點(diǎn)就在一段。
      四、例子在but轉(zhuǎn)折句的后半句,觀點(diǎn)在前半句
      【2006 text 4】
      36、By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that ________.
      [A] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music
      [B] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings
      [C] poets today are less skeptical of happiness
      [D] artists have changed their focus of interest
      【分析】這道例證題的特點(diǎn)是在一個(gè)but轉(zhuǎn)折句中,且是由“,”隔開的兩個(gè)分句,這道題的例子在后面的分句中,是用來論證前面主句的內(nèi)容的,正確答案為D。
      對(duì)比【2002 text 2】
      50、The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are ________.
      [A] expected to copy human brain in internal structure
      [B] able to perceive abnormalities immediately
      [C] far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information
      [D] best used in a controlled environment
      【分析】這道例證題的特點(diǎn)和前面一道例證題的特點(diǎn)是如出一轍的,共同點(diǎn)是都是在一個(gè)but轉(zhuǎn)折句中,且是由“,”隔開的兩個(gè)分句,這道題的例子在后面的分句中,是用來論證前面主句的內(nèi)容的,正確答案為C。兩道例證題的另外一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)是除了定位句之外,都涉及到了另外一個(gè)點(diǎn):2006 text 4 36題是兩種態(tài)度,2002 text 2是機(jī)器人,所以除了定位在but句之外,還需要結(jié)合段落中心和文章中心,以及相關(guān)定位點(diǎn)所涉及的位置,這是因?yàn)閎ut表示轉(zhuǎn)折,必然定位的時(shí)候會(huì)涉及到but前面的內(nèi)容,才能保證信息點(diǎn)完整。