Carols were first sung in Europe thousands of years ago, but these were not Christmas Carols. They were pagan songs, sung at the Winter Solstice celebrations as people danced round stone circles (The word carol originally meant to dance to something).
唱頌歌首次在歐洲數(shù)千年前,但是這些不是圣誕頌歌。他們是異教徒的歌曲,唱在冬至的慶祝活動(dòng),人們跳舞圓石圈(carol這個(gè)詞初意思是為某物而舞)。
The Winter Solstice is the shortest day of the year, usually taking place around the 22nd December. The word Carol actually means dance or a song of praise and joy!
冬至是一年中短的一天,通常發(fā)生在12月22日?？_”這個(gè)詞的真正含義可能是贊美和歡樂(lè)的跳舞和歌聲!
Carols used to be written and sung during all four seasons, but only the tradition of singing them at Christmas has really survived.
唱頌歌在四個(gè)季節(jié)中編寫(xiě)頌唱,但是只有在圣誕節(jié)他們的傳統(tǒng)意味才真的活了下來(lái)。
Early Christians took over the pagan solstice celebrations for Christmas and gave people Christian songs to sing instead of pagan ones. In AD 129, a Roman Bishop said that a song called "Angel's Hymn" should be sung at a Christmas service in Rome.
早期基督徒接管了異教的冬至日慶祝圣誕節(jié),給予人們基督教歌曲唱,而不是異教的歌曲。在公元129年,羅馬主教說(shuō)一首歌叫“天使的贊美詩(shī)”應(yīng)該在圣誕節(jié)服務(wù)于羅馬。
Another famous early Christmas Hymn was written in 760AD, by Comas of Jerusalem, for the Greek Orthodox Church.
另一個(gè)早期的圣誕贊美詩(shī)是寫(xiě)在公元760年,來(lái)源于耶路撒冷的昏暗,為希臘正教而頌唱。
Soon after this many composers all over Europe started to write 'Christmas carols'. However, not many people liked them as they were all written and sung in Latin, a language that the normal people couldn't understand. By the time of the Middles Ages (the 1200s), most people had lost interest in celebrating Christmas altogether.
不久這許多作曲家在全歐洲開(kāi)始寫(xiě)“圣誕頌歌”。然而,很多人都不喜歡他們，演唱都是用拉丁語(yǔ)寫(xiě)成的,正常人沒(méi)法聽(tīng)懂這語(yǔ)言。到了中世紀(jì)(1200年代),大多數(shù)人失去了去慶祝圣誕節(jié)的興趣。
This was changed by St. Francis of Assisi when, in 1223, he started his Nativity Plays in Italy. The people in the plays sang songs or 'canticles' that told the story during the plays. Sometimes, the choruses of these new carols were in Latin; but normally they were all in a language that the people watching the play could understand and join in! The new carols spread to France, Spain, Germany and other European countries.
這是亞西西的圣方濟(jì)的改變的時(shí)候,在1223年,他開(kāi)始了他的誕生于意大利。戲劇的人唱歌或唱頌歌,告訴故事正在進(jìn)行。有時(shí),這些新的頌歌的合唱是拉丁語(yǔ),但通常他們都是在看戲的人能夠理解的語(yǔ)言，一起加入!新的頌歌蔓延到法國(guó)、西班牙、德國(guó)和其他歐洲國(guó)家。
The earliest carol, like this, was written in 1410. Sadly only a very small fragment of it still exists. The carol was about Mary and Jesus meeting different people in Bethlehem. Most Carols from this time and the Elizabethan period are untrue stories, very loosely based on the Christmas story, about the holy family and were seen as entertaining rather than religious songs.
早的卡羅爾,像這樣的,是在1410年寫(xiě)的。遺憾的是只有一個(gè)非常小的碎片仍然存在?？_爾是瑪麗和耶穌在伯利恒遇見(jiàn)不同的人而著的。大多數(shù)頌歌,伊麗莎白時(shí)期的真實(shí)故事,非常松散的,基于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的圣誕故事,關(guān)于圣家庭和被視為娛樂(lè)而不是宗教歌曲。
They were usually sung in homes rather than in churches! Traveling singers or Minstrels started singing these carols and the words were changed for the local people wherever they were traveling. One carols that changed like this is 'I Saw Three Ships'.
他們通常在家里,而不是在教堂唱!旅行歌手或音樂(lè)家開(kāi)始唱這些頌歌,歌詞被改編在當(dāng)?shù)厝寺眯袝r(shí)。一個(gè)頌歌改成像是這樣“我看到三艘船”。
When Oliver Cromwell and the Puritans came to power in England in 1647, the celebration of Christmas and singing carols was stopped. However, the carols survived as people still sang them in secret. Carols remained mainly unsung until Victorian times, when two men called William Sandys and Davis Gilbert collected lots of old Christmas music from villages in England.
當(dāng)奧利弗·克倫威爾和英國(guó)清教徒掌權(quán)于1647年,慶祝圣誕節(jié)和唱頌歌停了下來(lái)。然而,頌歌幸存下來(lái)，人們?nèi)匀煌低党?。頌歌仍主要是無(wú)名的，直到維多利亞時(shí)代,當(dāng)兩個(gè)男人叫威廉·桑蒂斯和戴維斯吉爾伯特收集大量的來(lái)自英格蘭的村莊古老的圣誕音樂(lè)。
Before carol singing in public became popular, there were sometimes official carol singers called 'Waits'. These were bands of people led by important local leaders (such as council leaders) who had the only power in the towns and villages to take money from the public (if others did this, they were sometimes charged as beggars!).
在卡羅在公共唱歌漸漸流行,有時(shí)有官方頌歌歌手叫“守望者”。這是重要地方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的樂(lè)隊(duì)的人(如委員會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人)，曾在城鎮(zhèn)和村莊擁有力量能從公眾手中拿錢(qián)的人(如果別人這樣做,就有時(shí)被指控是乞丐!)。
They were called 'Waits' because they only sang on Christmas Eve (This was sometimes known as 'watchnight' or 'waitnight' because of the shepherds were watching their sheep when the angels appeared to them.), when the Christmas celebrations began.
他們叫“守望者”,因?yàn)樗麄冎辉谑フQ前夕唱歌(有時(shí)作為“看著夜晚”或“等待晚上”而熟知,因?yàn)槟裂蛉苏诳粗麄兊难蛟谔焓钩霈F(xiàn)時(shí)。),當(dāng)圣誕節(jié)慶祝活動(dòng)開(kāi)始。
Also, at this time, many orchestras and choirs were being set up in the cities of England and people wanted Christmas songs to sing, so carols once again became popular. Many new carols, such as 'Good King Wenceslas', were also written in the Victorian period.
同時(shí),在這個(gè)時(shí)候,許多管弦樂(lè)團(tuán)和合唱團(tuán)被建立在英格蘭和想要唱圣誕歌曲人們的城市里,所以頌歌再次流行起來(lái)。許多新的頌歌,如“好國(guó)王溫塞斯拉斯”,也寫(xiě)在維多利亞時(shí)代。
New carols services were created and became popular, as did the custom of singing carols in the streets. Both of these customs are still popular today! One of the most popular types of Carols services are Carols by Candlelight services.
At this service, the church is only lit by candlelight and it feels very Christmassy! Carols by Candlelight services are held in countries all over the world.
創(chuàng)建新的頌歌服務(wù),成為流行,作為在街上唱頌歌的習(xí)俗。這兩個(gè)習(xí)俗今天仍受歡迎!受歡迎的服務(wù)是燭光頌歌服務(wù)類(lèi)型的頌歌。
The most famous type of Carol Service might be a Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols, where carols and Bible readings tell the Christmas Story.
在這個(gè)服務(wù),教會(huì)只點(diǎn)燃燭光,很有圣誕氣氛的感覺(jué)!燭光頌歌服務(wù)在世界各地舉行。
的卡羅爾服務(wù)類(lèi)型可能是一個(gè)九節(jié)課和頌歌的節(jié)日,講述圣誕故事。
唱頌歌首次在歐洲數(shù)千年前,但是這些不是圣誕頌歌。他們是異教徒的歌曲,唱在冬至的慶祝活動(dòng),人們跳舞圓石圈(carol這個(gè)詞初意思是為某物而舞)。
The Winter Solstice is the shortest day of the year, usually taking place around the 22nd December. The word Carol actually means dance or a song of praise and joy!
冬至是一年中短的一天,通常發(fā)生在12月22日?？_”這個(gè)詞的真正含義可能是贊美和歡樂(lè)的跳舞和歌聲!
Carols used to be written and sung during all four seasons, but only the tradition of singing them at Christmas has really survived.
唱頌歌在四個(gè)季節(jié)中編寫(xiě)頌唱,但是只有在圣誕節(jié)他們的傳統(tǒng)意味才真的活了下來(lái)。
Early Christians took over the pagan solstice celebrations for Christmas and gave people Christian songs to sing instead of pagan ones. In AD 129, a Roman Bishop said that a song called "Angel's Hymn" should be sung at a Christmas service in Rome.
早期基督徒接管了異教的冬至日慶祝圣誕節(jié),給予人們基督教歌曲唱,而不是異教的歌曲。在公元129年,羅馬主教說(shuō)一首歌叫“天使的贊美詩(shī)”應(yīng)該在圣誕節(jié)服務(wù)于羅馬。
Another famous early Christmas Hymn was written in 760AD, by Comas of Jerusalem, for the Greek Orthodox Church.
另一個(gè)早期的圣誕贊美詩(shī)是寫(xiě)在公元760年,來(lái)源于耶路撒冷的昏暗,為希臘正教而頌唱。
Soon after this many composers all over Europe started to write 'Christmas carols'. However, not many people liked them as they were all written and sung in Latin, a language that the normal people couldn't understand. By the time of the Middles Ages (the 1200s), most people had lost interest in celebrating Christmas altogether.
不久這許多作曲家在全歐洲開(kāi)始寫(xiě)“圣誕頌歌”。然而,很多人都不喜歡他們，演唱都是用拉丁語(yǔ)寫(xiě)成的,正常人沒(méi)法聽(tīng)懂這語(yǔ)言。到了中世紀(jì)(1200年代),大多數(shù)人失去了去慶祝圣誕節(jié)的興趣。
This was changed by St. Francis of Assisi when, in 1223, he started his Nativity Plays in Italy. The people in the plays sang songs or 'canticles' that told the story during the plays. Sometimes, the choruses of these new carols were in Latin; but normally they were all in a language that the people watching the play could understand and join in! The new carols spread to France, Spain, Germany and other European countries.
這是亞西西的圣方濟(jì)的改變的時(shí)候,在1223年,他開(kāi)始了他的誕生于意大利。戲劇的人唱歌或唱頌歌,告訴故事正在進(jìn)行。有時(shí),這些新的頌歌的合唱是拉丁語(yǔ),但通常他們都是在看戲的人能夠理解的語(yǔ)言，一起加入!新的頌歌蔓延到法國(guó)、西班牙、德國(guó)和其他歐洲國(guó)家。
The earliest carol, like this, was written in 1410. Sadly only a very small fragment of it still exists. The carol was about Mary and Jesus meeting different people in Bethlehem. Most Carols from this time and the Elizabethan period are untrue stories, very loosely based on the Christmas story, about the holy family and were seen as entertaining rather than religious songs.
早的卡羅爾,像這樣的,是在1410年寫(xiě)的。遺憾的是只有一個(gè)非常小的碎片仍然存在?？_爾是瑪麗和耶穌在伯利恒遇見(jiàn)不同的人而著的。大多數(shù)頌歌,伊麗莎白時(shí)期的真實(shí)故事,非常松散的,基于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的圣誕故事,關(guān)于圣家庭和被視為娛樂(lè)而不是宗教歌曲。
They were usually sung in homes rather than in churches! Traveling singers or Minstrels started singing these carols and the words were changed for the local people wherever they were traveling. One carols that changed like this is 'I Saw Three Ships'.
他們通常在家里,而不是在教堂唱!旅行歌手或音樂(lè)家開(kāi)始唱這些頌歌,歌詞被改編在當(dāng)?shù)厝寺眯袝r(shí)。一個(gè)頌歌改成像是這樣“我看到三艘船”。
When Oliver Cromwell and the Puritans came to power in England in 1647, the celebration of Christmas and singing carols was stopped. However, the carols survived as people still sang them in secret. Carols remained mainly unsung until Victorian times, when two men called William Sandys and Davis Gilbert collected lots of old Christmas music from villages in England.
當(dāng)奧利弗·克倫威爾和英國(guó)清教徒掌權(quán)于1647年,慶祝圣誕節(jié)和唱頌歌停了下來(lái)。然而,頌歌幸存下來(lái)，人們?nèi)匀煌低党?。頌歌仍主要是無(wú)名的，直到維多利亞時(shí)代,當(dāng)兩個(gè)男人叫威廉·桑蒂斯和戴維斯吉爾伯特收集大量的來(lái)自英格蘭的村莊古老的圣誕音樂(lè)。
Before carol singing in public became popular, there were sometimes official carol singers called 'Waits'. These were bands of people led by important local leaders (such as council leaders) who had the only power in the towns and villages to take money from the public (if others did this, they were sometimes charged as beggars!).
在卡羅在公共唱歌漸漸流行,有時(shí)有官方頌歌歌手叫“守望者”。這是重要地方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的樂(lè)隊(duì)的人(如委員會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人)，曾在城鎮(zhèn)和村莊擁有力量能從公眾手中拿錢(qián)的人(如果別人這樣做,就有時(shí)被指控是乞丐!)。
They were called 'Waits' because they only sang on Christmas Eve (This was sometimes known as 'watchnight' or 'waitnight' because of the shepherds were watching their sheep when the angels appeared to them.), when the Christmas celebrations began.
他們叫“守望者”,因?yàn)樗麄冎辉谑フQ前夕唱歌(有時(shí)作為“看著夜晚”或“等待晚上”而熟知,因?yàn)槟裂蛉苏诳粗麄兊难蛟谔焓钩霈F(xiàn)時(shí)。),當(dāng)圣誕節(jié)慶祝活動(dòng)開(kāi)始。
Also, at this time, many orchestras and choirs were being set up in the cities of England and people wanted Christmas songs to sing, so carols once again became popular. Many new carols, such as 'Good King Wenceslas', were also written in the Victorian period.
同時(shí),在這個(gè)時(shí)候,許多管弦樂(lè)團(tuán)和合唱團(tuán)被建立在英格蘭和想要唱圣誕歌曲人們的城市里,所以頌歌再次流行起來(lái)。許多新的頌歌,如“好國(guó)王溫塞斯拉斯”,也寫(xiě)在維多利亞時(shí)代。
New carols services were created and became popular, as did the custom of singing carols in the streets. Both of these customs are still popular today! One of the most popular types of Carols services are Carols by Candlelight services.
At this service, the church is only lit by candlelight and it feels very Christmassy! Carols by Candlelight services are held in countries all over the world.
創(chuàng)建新的頌歌服務(wù),成為流行,作為在街上唱頌歌的習(xí)俗。這兩個(gè)習(xí)俗今天仍受歡迎!受歡迎的服務(wù)是燭光頌歌服務(wù)類(lèi)型的頌歌。
The most famous type of Carol Service might be a Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols, where carols and Bible readings tell the Christmas Story.
在這個(gè)服務(wù),教會(huì)只點(diǎn)燃燭光,很有圣誕氣氛的感覺(jué)!燭光頌歌服務(wù)在世界各地舉行。
的卡羅爾服務(wù)類(lèi)型可能是一個(gè)九節(jié)課和頌歌的節(jié)日,講述圣誕故事。