淺談美國LLM專業(yè)

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◆以下內(nèi)容為收集整理,供大家學(xué)習(xí)參考??!
    LLM是近兩年熱門的留學(xué)專業(yè),高就業(yè)率、高工資、優(yōu)良的工作環(huán)境及優(yōu)越的社會(huì)地位是促使LLM專業(yè)走紅的重要因素,而作為全世界的金融中心的美國, 它的LLM專業(yè)自然也是全世界學(xué)生報(bào)讀的熱門,中國也就出現(xiàn)了越來越多的學(xué)生轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)分去讀這個(gè)專業(yè)了,在這里給大家簡單介紹一下該專業(yè)的相關(guān)信息。
    LLM是英文Master of Law的簡寫,譯為法學(xué)碩士。美國LLM專業(yè)的主要教學(xué)內(nèi)容是對(duì)美國基本法律制度和法律體系的簡要介紹,偏重于法律理論知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)。美國不同大學(xué)開設(shè)的 LLM專業(yè)不同,但一般分為兩種:Generalized Studies和 Specialized Studies。一般大學(xué)只開設(shè)前者,也就是對(duì)美國法律的總體介紹;少數(shù)大學(xué)還會(huì)特別開設(shè)后者,包括如環(huán)境法、比較法、公司法、破產(chǎn)法、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)法等多種專業(yè)法律的研究課程,申請人可以根據(jù)自己的興趣選擇相應(yīng)的專業(yè)進(jìn)行申請。
    美國大學(xué)LLM專業(yè)一般只需要1年學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間(部分大學(xué)是9個(gè)月),修完完4到8門專業(yè)課程并完成論文。然而,LLM專業(yè)的學(xué)費(fèi)也相對(duì)較貴,大部分學(xué)校的學(xué)費(fèi)在4-5W美元之間,加上生活費(fèi)一般會(huì)在6W美元左右。
    美國大學(xué)LLM專業(yè)不需要GRE/GMAT,也不需要LSAT成績,因?yàn)榭梢哉f的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試就是TOEFL成績。由于專業(yè)本身的特性,大部分LLM專業(yè)的TOEFL錄取低要求都是100分(部分學(xué)校還有單項(xiàng)要求),而xx大法律學(xué)院的平均錄取分?jǐn)?shù)更是在110分左右。
    另外,GPA是錄取的另一個(gè)可以量化的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),一般申請者的GPA在3.5左右,而很多頂尖法學(xué)院錄取平均GPA更是達(dá)到3.6-3.8之間,競爭十分激烈。除了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化成績,各種相關(guān)經(jīng)歷也不可或缺。法院、檢察院、律所的相關(guān)實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)歷,各種社會(huì)調(diào)查和實(shí)踐,法律援助活動(dòng),法律學(xué)術(shù)交流活動(dòng)等等都作為大學(xué)評(píng)判申請者的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。由于每位申請者的經(jīng)歷和關(guān)注點(diǎn)各不相同,我們建議申請人根據(jù)自己的特點(diǎn)選擇申請切入點(diǎn),有條理由選擇地規(guī)劃自己的申請,避免千篇一律。
    LLM的出路主要有三條:
    第一,回中國作律師。這個(gè)是大多數(shù)LLM的選擇。有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的律師通常還是會(huì)回國,因?yàn)樵趪鴥?nèi)有了一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)或家庭。而沒有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的LLM在美國更加找不到工作,所以還是要回來。
    第二,在美國找到工作或一年的internship。但根據(jù)以往LLM的說法是‘it is extremely difficult to find a job offer, especially those who will support yourJ-1visa’.LLM在美國找到工作是很難的,難到什么程度?根據(jù)UPenn career office的統(tǒng)計(jì),在過去6年(05年之前)LLM的班級(jí)中,成功找到工作的人僅15%,差的xx屆,只有3個(gè)人找到工作。雖然各校情況存在差異性,但基本上“找工作”很難,尤其是對(duì)沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)、直接去讀LLM的人來說。即使在那些找到工作的人群里面,很大一部分是在國內(nèi)外所有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),和該外所的美國分所事先有協(xié)議,在那里工作或?qū)嵙?xí)一段時(shí)間。所以,如果你是一個(gè)本科生,基本上要做壞的打算:找不到工作,可能考完Bar就要回來。同樣,intern也是很難很難的。
    第三,LLM轉(zhuǎn)JD。因此,很多本科生出去,在迫于無奈之下決定做更大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資,就是轉(zhuǎn)JD。一些學(xué)校,比如Columbia,Cornell,和UPenn都允許成績優(yōu)秀的LLM轉(zhuǎn)成JD。但一些學(xué)校,比如NYU,是不允許的。
    在這里給大家推薦幾所近年來申請LLM的熱門學(xué)校:
    賓州州立大學(xué)
    注冊學(xué)生 University Park 3328名全日制學(xué)生;GA校區(qū) 1000名
    地址 麥基斯波特市McKeesport ALLEGHENY
    所屬州 賓夕法尼亞州 PA
    毗鄰城市 匹茲堡Pittsburgh
    學(xué)校性質(zhì) 公立
    創(chuàng)立時(shí)間 1855年
    校園環(huán)境 市郊
    專業(yè)介紹
    LL.M. Program
    Master of Laws
    Penn State Law trains international lawyers for the global marketplace. For more than forty years, LL.M. students from around the world have come to the Law School to advance their careers by studying with our distinguished faculty. Profiles of several students can be found here.
    The master of laws program is a 24-credit, one academic year course of study open to individuals who hold a degree in law from an accredited institution outside of the United States. Unique program benefits include:
    internationally renowned faculty scholars in key areas of U.S., international and transnational law, and other specialized fields of study
    experienced faculty advisors who provide personalized guidance on course selection and career options
    the ability to design a course of study that meets individual career goals
    opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration and study with Penn State's School of International Affairs
    a practitioner-focused writing and research curriculum especially designed for LL.M. students
    an intensive ten-day orientation program
    an optional, intensive summer course in legal English communication
    regular interaction with J.D. students through shared classroom experiences, a J.D./LL.M. mentoring program, and professionally oriented student activities, including the International Law Society
    access to Career Services resources that can assist students with identifying internship and job opportunities
    學(xué)院介紹
    Penn State Law offers a J.D. degree, an LL.M. degree for foreign-trained lawyers, and opportunities for interdisciplinary study with other Penn State graduate programs, including the School of International Affairs. Students can consult with the Academic Affairs Office to develop a course of study appropriate for their career goals.
    費(fèi)用
    Tuition* $35,928
    入學(xué)要求及專業(yè)設(shè)置
    The Penn State Law LL.M. is a one-year program in which LL.M. candidates must complete a minimum of 24 credit hours of course work. The LL.M. is designed to provide lawyers trained outside of the United States with an understanding of the American legal system that will enhance their legal career.
    Foreign-trained LL.M. students are required to take the following two courses:
    Introduction to the United States Legal System — this course instructs students in American legal analysis and discourse. In addition to providing students with an overview of the U.S. legal system, the course helps students develop skills in three fundamental areas of United States legal practice: (1) common law legal analysis, (2) case law research, and (3) effective communication of legal analysis.
    One case analysis course from the following list:
    Civil Procedure
    Constitutional Law I
    Contracts
    Criminal Law
    Criminal Procedure
    Property
    Torts
    LL.M. students at Penn State Law work with experienced faculty members to develop a course of study that supports their individual career goals. LL.M. students can enroll in courses available to Penn State J.D. students and share classes with J.D. students. Penn State Law's rich curriculum affords LL.M. candidates the opportunity to enroll in a variety of diverse courses or to concentrate their studies in any one of the specialized fields of study. The most popular fields among our LL.M. candidates include:
    Business Law
    Arbitration, Mediation and Negotiation
    International and Transnational Law
    Antitrust
    俄亥俄州立大學(xué)
    俄亥俄州立大學(xué)(簡稱OSU)是一所四年制公立大學(xué),成立于1870年,由五所成員大學(xué)組成。其中位于哥倫布的學(xué)院,獲評(píng)“全美229所大學(xué)”之一。據(jù)《紐約時(shí)報(bào)大學(xué)指南》指出,大學(xué)好的學(xué)科有會(huì)計(jì)、化學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、教育、地理、工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)、外文、物理、政治科學(xué)和工程。學(xué)生選修多的學(xué)科,依次是商科管理(19%)、工程(10%)、社會(huì)科學(xué)(9%)、教育(9%)、大眾傳播(9%)。前一兩年有15,076人報(bào)考,共12,660人獲錄取。
    專業(yè)介紹
    Master of Laws (LL.M.)
    See More Videos at Moritz's YouTube Channel
    The Ohio State University Moritz College of Law Master of Laws (LL.M.) Program is designed for foreign lawyers who wish to advance their legal education in a stimulating academic environment. The College offers the dual advantages of a highly-regarded law curriculum at a major U.S. university and an LL.M. program of limited size that allows for individualized attention and support.
    Two of the program’s primary goals are to immerse foreign lawyers in a year of U.S. legal education and to foster interaction between American J.D. students and the LL.M. students. In large part this is accomplished by integrating the LL.M students into the J.D. curriculum, ensuring that both groups will benefit from the interaction and graduate from their respective programs well prepared to participate in an increasingly globalized world.
    Moritz also offers a rich selection of student activities outside the classroom where LL.M. students may participate in the life of the College.
    Ohio State’s LL.M. program offers students an opportunity to select their courses from a rich and diverse curriculum. Students may choose a generalized study of U.S. law or may tailor their courses to fit specialized interests and career objectives. Students have an option to elect a concentration in Business Law, Criminal Law and Procedure, Intellectual Property and Information Law, International and Comparative Law, Labor and Employment Law, or Alternative Dispute Resolution, or they may design a customized concentration.
    費(fèi)用
    $39,274
    入學(xué)要求
    The LL.M. program is limited to students who have:
    obtained an LL.B. from a foreign country; or
    completed in a foreign country the university-based legal education required to take the equivalent of the bar examination in that foreign country; or
    qualified to practice law in a foreign country; or
    the equivalent thereof as determined by the LL.M. Admissions Committee.
    Minimum Acceptable Scores
    TOEFL: 600 paper based; 250 computer based; 100 ibT
    IELTS: 7.5
    紐約大學(xué)
    (New York University, 簡稱 NYU) ,成立于 1831 年,是全美大的私立大學(xué)之一;也是美國一座坐落于紐約心臟地帶的。所設(shè)課程壓力不大,但要求甚高,學(xué)生稱其 “not high pressure, but demanding” 。而31名諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主更是使紐約大學(xué)光芒四射,享譽(yù)世界。
    其研究生院的學(xué)術(shù)水準(zhǔn)甚高,尤其是其法學(xué)院,一直處于上升態(tài)勢,在2007年位列《美國新聞與世界報(bào)道》(U.S. News and World Report) 全美第五名。其商學(xué)院亦是蜚聲全美,金融,營銷等專業(yè)在2007年度《商業(yè)周刊》(BusinessWeek),《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》(The Economist),《金融時(shí)報(bào)》(Financial Times)等眾多排名中皆位列前10。
    專業(yè)介紹
    Flexibility. In most semesters, more than a dozen different online courses are offered, ranging from Taxation of Mergers & Acquisitions to Tax Policy. Students can customize classwork around their schedules, watching their class on video at any time that is convenient. Even final exams can be completed on a computer in your home or office by using a video proctoring device. Students can complete the entire degree by participating in online courses, though they are welcome to take classes on campus in Greenwich Village as well.
    Interactivity. Executive LL.M. students have direct access to their professors through online discussion boards, e-mail and telephone conversations. And even though Executive LL.M. students are not physically on campus, they can keep up with all that goes on at Washington Square by watching videos of our many panels and programs.
    High Quality Technology. Online courses are offered in high-resolution video, using the same technology that popular video-on-demand services use to deliver movies. Each course is recorded by multiple live camera operators and a director, not by a fixed camera at the back of the room. Most professors use a “smart tablet” that displays the professor’s handwriting electronically in a separate window in each course video.
    入學(xué)要求:
    Most of the students in the Executive LL.M. program are experienced attorneys who are located outside of the New York region. Current students include attorneys who work at law firms, accounting firms and in-house at corporations. They practice across the United States, as well as in Europe and Asia.
    Admission to the Executive LL.M program is highly selective. Executive LL.M. students must meet the same admission standard as our on-campus students. To apply, you must hold a first degree in law (J.D. or LL.B.) from a law school that is approved by the Section of Legal Education of the American Bar Association or a bachelor of law degree from a non-U.S. law school approved by its foreign equivalent. For more information on application requirements, please visit our How to Apply page. If you would like to discuss which of our tax programs best suits your needs, please contact us.
    Students have up to five years to complete the 24 credits needed to receive a degree.