★以下是英文寫作翻譯頻道為大家整理的《定語從句關(guān)系詞省略研究-初中英語語法》，供大家參考。更多內(nèi)容請(qǐng)看本站寫作翻譯頻道。
定語從句關(guān)系詞省略研究
關(guān)系詞有時(shí)可以省略，但這只限于限制性定語從句中，在非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞則不可省略。
一、關(guān)系代詞作賓語時(shí)的省略
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞who, whom, which和that在定語從句中用作動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞位于句末時(shí)的介詞賓語時(shí)，可以省略。如：
Is there anything (which) you wanted? 想要什么東西嗎?
Is there anything (which) you wanted? 想要什么東西嗎?
Have you anything (which) you’d like to sell? 你有什么東西想賣嗎?
This was the worst film (that) he had ever seen. 這是他所看過的電影中最差的一部。
That is the house (that) we built. 這就是我們蓋的房子。
He is the kindest man (that) I have ever met. 他是我遇到過的最仁厚的人。
It was the most worrying day (that) he had ever spent. 這是他度過的最煩惱的日子。
I wore the necklace (which) my grandmother (had) left me. 我戴著祖母留給我的項(xiàng)鏈。
It’s the only building (which) I’ve ever seen which is made entirely of glass. 這是我所見過的的一座全部用玻璃造的建筑物。
Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to? 剛才和你講話的人是誰?
You remember the boy (who) I was going out with? 你記得那個(gè)跟我約會(huì)的小伙子嗎?
She’s the only woman (who) I’ve really been in love with. 我真正愛過的只有這個(gè)女人。
二、關(guān)系代詞作表語時(shí)的省略
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中用作表語時(shí)，可以省略。如：
China is not the country (that) it was. 中國(guó)已不是過去的中國(guó)了。(that作表語)
My son is not the boy (that) he used to be. 我的兒子已不是過去的樣子了。(that作表語)
Can you remember the factory (that) it used to be? 你還記得工廠原來的樣子嗎? (that作表語)
When he came back, he found that his hometown was not the one (that) it had been. 他回來的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)家鄉(xiāng)已不是原來的樣子了。(that作表語)
三、關(guān)系代詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)的省略
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中用作賓語補(bǔ)足時(shí)，可以省略。如：
I’m not the madman (that) you thought me. 我并不是你所認(rèn)為的那個(gè)瘋子。(that作賓語補(bǔ)語)
四、關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)的省略
一般說來，關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)是不能省略的，但是在以下兩種特殊情況，也可省略。
(1) 當(dāng)定語從句為there be 結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，作主語的that可以省略。如：
I’ve told you all (that) there is to tell. 該告訴的我都告訴你了。
It was the only cotton mill (that) there was then. 那時(shí)它是的一家棉紡織廠。
(2) 當(dāng)主句為there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，在定語從句中作主語的that, which, who有時(shí)可省略。如：
There’s a gentleman (who) wants to see you. 有一位先生要見您。
(3) 當(dāng)主句為it is, here is結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，在定語從句中作主語的that有時(shí)可省略。如：
Here’s a little book (that) will tell you how to raise roses. 這是一本關(guān)于玫瑰花栽培的小冊(cè)子。
五、關(guān)系副詞when的省略
用作時(shí)間狀語的關(guān)系副詞when通常不能省略，但有一種特殊情況，即用于day, year, time等少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞后時(shí)可以省略(也可換成that)。如：
That was the year (that) I first went abroad. 就是那一年我第一次出國(guó)了。
I’ll never forget the day (that) we met. 我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了我們見面的那一天。
That was the year (when) I first went abroad. 那是我第一次出國(guó)的一年。
Now is the time (when) I need him most. 現(xiàn)在是我最需要他的時(shí)候。
Do you remember the days (when) there were no jet planes? 你還記得那個(gè)沒有噴氣機(jī)的年代嗎?
六、關(guān)系副詞where的省略
用作地點(diǎn)狀語的關(guān)系副詞where通常不能省略，但有一種特殊情況，即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞后時(shí)可以省略(也可換成that)。如：
This is the place (where) they met yesterday. 這就是他們昨天碰頭的地方。
Have you somewhere (where) I can lie down for an hour? 你有沒有一個(gè)什么地方可以讓我躺一個(gè)小時(shí)?
Have you got somewhere (where) I can lie down for a while? 你有什么地方我可以稍躺一會(huì)兒。
We need a place (where) we can stay for a few days. 我們需要一個(gè)能住幾天的地方。
Do you know anywhere (where) I can buy a second-hand typewriter? 你知道哪里能買到舊打字機(jī)嗎?
I know somewhere (where) you can eat Japanese food. 我認(rèn)識(shí)個(gè)地方可以吃日本菜。
七、關(guān)系副詞why的省略
關(guān)系副詞why通常只用于the reason后引導(dǎo)定語從句，且通?？蓳Q成that或for which，均可省略。如：
That’s the reason (why, for which, that) he came. 這就是他來的原因。
Can you tell me the reason (why) he’s so late? 你可否告訴我他為何來得這么晚?
That wasn’t the reason (that) he lied to you. 那不是他對(duì)你撒謊的原因。
That’s one of the reasons (why) I asked you to come. 這是我要你來的原因之一。
定語從句關(guān)系詞省略研究
關(guān)系詞有時(shí)可以省略，但這只限于限制性定語從句中，在非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞則不可省略。
一、關(guān)系代詞作賓語時(shí)的省略
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞who, whom, which和that在定語從句中用作動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞位于句末時(shí)的介詞賓語時(shí)，可以省略。如：
Is there anything (which) you wanted? 想要什么東西嗎?
Is there anything (which) you wanted? 想要什么東西嗎?
Have you anything (which) you’d like to sell? 你有什么東西想賣嗎?
This was the worst film (that) he had ever seen. 這是他所看過的電影中最差的一部。
That is the house (that) we built. 這就是我們蓋的房子。
He is the kindest man (that) I have ever met. 他是我遇到過的最仁厚的人。
It was the most worrying day (that) he had ever spent. 這是他度過的最煩惱的日子。
I wore the necklace (which) my grandmother (had) left me. 我戴著祖母留給我的項(xiàng)鏈。
It’s the only building (which) I’ve ever seen which is made entirely of glass. 這是我所見過的的一座全部用玻璃造的建筑物。
Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to? 剛才和你講話的人是誰?
You remember the boy (who) I was going out with? 你記得那個(gè)跟我約會(huì)的小伙子嗎?
She’s the only woman (who) I’ve really been in love with. 我真正愛過的只有這個(gè)女人。
二、關(guān)系代詞作表語時(shí)的省略
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中用作表語時(shí)，可以省略。如：
China is not the country (that) it was. 中國(guó)已不是過去的中國(guó)了。(that作表語)
My son is not the boy (that) he used to be. 我的兒子已不是過去的樣子了。(that作表語)
Can you remember the factory (that) it used to be? 你還記得工廠原來的樣子嗎? (that作表語)
When he came back, he found that his hometown was not the one (that) it had been. 他回來的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)家鄉(xiāng)已不是原來的樣子了。(that作表語)
三、關(guān)系代詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)的省略
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中用作賓語補(bǔ)足時(shí)，可以省略。如：
I’m not the madman (that) you thought me. 我并不是你所認(rèn)為的那個(gè)瘋子。(that作賓語補(bǔ)語)
四、關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)的省略
一般說來，關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)是不能省略的，但是在以下兩種特殊情況，也可省略。
(1) 當(dāng)定語從句為there be 結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，作主語的that可以省略。如：
I’ve told you all (that) there is to tell. 該告訴的我都告訴你了。
It was the only cotton mill (that) there was then. 那時(shí)它是的一家棉紡織廠。
(2) 當(dāng)主句為there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，在定語從句中作主語的that, which, who有時(shí)可省略。如：
There’s a gentleman (who) wants to see you. 有一位先生要見您。
(3) 當(dāng)主句為it is, here is結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，在定語從句中作主語的that有時(shí)可省略。如：
Here’s a little book (that) will tell you how to raise roses. 這是一本關(guān)于玫瑰花栽培的小冊(cè)子。
五、關(guān)系副詞when的省略
用作時(shí)間狀語的關(guān)系副詞when通常不能省略，但有一種特殊情況，即用于day, year, time等少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞后時(shí)可以省略(也可換成that)。如：
That was the year (that) I first went abroad. 就是那一年我第一次出國(guó)了。
I’ll never forget the day (that) we met. 我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了我們見面的那一天。
That was the year (when) I first went abroad. 那是我第一次出國(guó)的一年。
Now is the time (when) I need him most. 現(xiàn)在是我最需要他的時(shí)候。
Do you remember the days (when) there were no jet planes? 你還記得那個(gè)沒有噴氣機(jī)的年代嗎?
六、關(guān)系副詞where的省略
用作地點(diǎn)狀語的關(guān)系副詞where通常不能省略，但有一種特殊情況，即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞后時(shí)可以省略(也可換成that)。如：
This is the place (where) they met yesterday. 這就是他們昨天碰頭的地方。
Have you somewhere (where) I can lie down for an hour? 你有沒有一個(gè)什么地方可以讓我躺一個(gè)小時(shí)?
Have you got somewhere (where) I can lie down for a while? 你有什么地方我可以稍躺一會(huì)兒。
We need a place (where) we can stay for a few days. 我們需要一個(gè)能住幾天的地方。
Do you know anywhere (where) I can buy a second-hand typewriter? 你知道哪里能買到舊打字機(jī)嗎?
I know somewhere (where) you can eat Japanese food. 我認(rèn)識(shí)個(gè)地方可以吃日本菜。
七、關(guān)系副詞why的省略
關(guān)系副詞why通常只用于the reason后引導(dǎo)定語從句，且通?？蓳Q成that或for which，均可省略。如：
That’s the reason (why, for which, that) he came. 這就是他來的原因。
Can you tell me the reason (why) he’s so late? 你可否告訴我他為何來得這么晚?
That wasn’t the reason (that) he lied to you. 那不是他對(duì)你撒謊的原因。
That’s one of the reasons (why) I asked you to come. 這是我要你來的原因之一。