新概念頻道為大家整理的 新概念英語第二冊單詞：Lesson 31 Success story，供大家參考。更多閱讀請查看本站 新概念英語網(wǎng)頻道。
【New words and expressions】
retire v. 退休
company n. 公司
bicycle n. 自行車
save v. 積蓄
workshop n. 車間
helper n. 幫手，助手
employ v. 雇傭
grandson n. 孫子
★retire v. 退休
retire =stop working =stop doing this
He is getting old, He is going to retire. 他越來越老, 他打算退休了
I'm going to retire next year. 我明年會退出影壇或歌壇
I'm so tired that I'm going to retire now. (retire = go to bed)
★company n. 公司
firm n. 商行
corporation n. 責任公司
limited corporation 有限責任公司(縮略形式：Ltd.Co)
business n. 生意，公司
He works in my business. 他在我的公司工作
★save vt. 積蓄
① vt. 挽救，救助，拯救
save one's life
The doctor saved the child’s life.
They saved the child from the fire.
save one's face 挽會面子
② vt. 積蓄，儲蓄
He used to save letters.
save money 存錢
He saved (money) for years to buy a car.
西方人不喜歡提錢, 所以用 save up 表示存錢
I have saved up for many years. 我已經(jīng)存了好幾年的錢
Save it for a rainy day. 未雨綢繆, 為將來需要而做好準備
★workshop n. 車間
workshop n. 車間(工作并且可以拿出來賣)
workhouse n. 感化院(強迫勞動的地方)
★helper n. 幫手, 助手
assistant n. 助理
★employ v. 雇傭
employee n. 雇員 ;employer n. 雇主
trainer n. 教練 ;trainee n. 接受訓練的人
【課文講解】
1、Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop.
head是“首領(lǐng)、頭目”的意思，“the head of+名詞”的意思是“……的老板，頭”
John is the head of the family. 一家之主
Frank is the head of the firm. 弗蘭克是那家公司的總裁。
used to do sth. 過去常常, 但是現(xiàn)在不做
My teacher used to live there. 我的老師過去住在那(現(xiàn)在不住了)
He lived there. 他過去住在那(不知道現(xiàn)在是否住在那)
work…as… 作為……工作
He used to work as a teacher.
as a boy = as he was a boy (as的意思是“當……的時候”)
as a young man 當他年輕的時候
2、It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day.
at that time =just then =at that moment 那時
3、He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.
of one's own 自己的，屬于自己的(own為代詞)
Do you have a house of your own?
my own book (own 起強調(diào)作用, 自己的)
用of one's own 或 one's own 由被修飾詞的位置決定, 如果被修飾名詞在前邊, 用of one's own, 如果被修飾名詞在后邊, 用one's own
4、In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes.
in one's -ies 在某人幾十歲的時候
in one's twenties/thirties/forties/fifties/nineties，十的倍數(shù)的復數(shù)形式可用于表達近似的、非確定的數(shù)量，與所有格形容詞連用時表示大約的年齡。
in my fifties 在我五十多歲的時候
In his fifties, he learned the second language.
in the 1980s 在二十世紀八十年代
I worked /began the job in the 1990s.
5、In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people.
has become 成長為……
in a few years 在一些年之后
…factory which employed… 工廠雇傭……(除了人可以雇傭外，工廠、公司也可以這樣表達)
6、Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.
one’s hard early years =early in one’s life 某人的早年艱辛(生活)
the long road to success 通往成功的長路
There is a long way to go. 還有很長的路要走。
remember v. 記得, 回憶起
memory n. 記憶 ;memorize v. 記住
【Key structures】
過去進行時與一般過去時
過去進行時表示過去某個時刻或某段時間正在進行的動作，和一般過去時經(jīng)常在一個句子里使用。與一般過去時相比，它更強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性，一般過去時則表示比較短暫的動作或事件。在敘述故事時，過去進行時往往用來表示背景。
When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.
As I was getting on the bus, I slipped and hurt my foot.
used to do
used to do表示過去有過但現(xiàn)在已不存在的習慣，以便將過去與現(xiàn)在形成對照。它后面經(jīng)常用由but now…，but not…any more/any longer等構(gòu)成的、用了一般現(xiàn)在時的句子以強調(diào)過去和現(xiàn)在的不同之處。
I used to smoke, but I don’t any more/longer.
He used to be a postman a long time ago. He's a taxi driver now.
很久以前他曾是個郵遞員, 現(xiàn)在他是個出租車司機.
I have given up smoking. I used to smoke very heavily.
我已經(jīng)戒煙了, 過去我吸煙很厲害.
I used to collect stamps when I was a boy.
當我還是個小男孩時, 我常搜集郵票.
used to僅用于一般過去。它的疑問句和否定句形式可以不用助動詞do而用used本身。
Used he to smoke?
He usedn’t /used not to smoke.
但比較常用的形式是did和didn’t
Did he use to smoke?
He didn’t use to smoke.
在針對used to提問時，一般也用did：
I used to be a good swimmer.
Did you really? I didn’t even know you could swim.
【Special Difficulties】
Experience
① n. 經(jīng)歷(可數(shù)名詞)
He told me about his experiences as a young man.
② n. 經(jīng)驗(不可數(shù)名詞)
They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.
Does she have any experience in teaching?
③ vt. 經(jīng)驗，體驗
The village has experienced great changes since 1980.
experienced adj. 有經(jīng)驗的，經(jīng)驗豐富的
John is an experienced driver.
Save
① vt.& vi. 救助，搭救，拯救
save one's life 挽救某人的生命
The doctor saved the child’s life.
save one's face 挽回面子
② vt.& vi. 儲蓄，積攢
save money 存錢(多余的錢)
He saved (money) for years to buy a car.
save it for a rainy day 未雨綢繆
economize [] v.經(jīng)濟，節(jié)省(能不用的就不用，節(jié)衣縮食)
Work and Job
work和job都翻譯為“工作”，job為可數(shù)名詞，一般與“職業(yè)、職位”有關(guān)，或表示某人的“份內(nèi)事”;work作“工作”講時是不可數(shù)名詞，常指具體的“勞動、作業(yè)”或“(待做的)工作或事務(wù)”等，也可能表示“上班”。
John is looking for a new job.
I’m looking for work as a driver.
I am looking for a new job.
It was his job to repair bicycles.
【Composition】
Frank (not only) (neither) (repaired) (made)his grandson's bicycle, (but)(also)went for a ride on it(as well)(both). He (said)(told)me later:‘I(make)(do)aeroplanes, (and) (but) I prefer bicycles.’
not only / repaired / but /as well / told /make/ but
go for a ride/go for a walk 騎車出去/出去散步
ride a car/bicycle/horse
go for a ride on sth (對自行車只能用 “on” ) 出去騎車
prefer [] vt.更喜歡, 寧愿
【Multiple choice questions】
1 When he was a young man, Frank __d__.
a. owned a small shop b. made spare parts for aeroplanes
c. made spare parts for bicycles d. worked hard and saved his money
(a)(b)選項是作為 “he was a young man” 中的一個部分
3 Frank used to work in a small shop. He ___a___.
a. doesn't anymore b. still does
c. is now d. has never done anything else
not anymore 不再
I will not make the mistake anymore.
4 He used to work fourteen hours a day. He did this ___c___ day.
a. one b. some c. each d. a
every day / each day 每天
one day 有一天 ; some day 某一天 ; a 作為計量單位的一部分
I will beat you some day. 總有一天我會打敗你
8 Frank is the ___a___ of a business company.
a. director b. headmaster c. superior d. leader
leader n. 起帶頭作用的人
headmaster [] n. 校長
director n. 管理公司或單位整個事務(wù)的人
Frank is a director of a business company.
superior n. 監(jiān)理
12 He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife ___c___.
a. went in b. entered in c. entered d. entered into
into 后面一定要加地點
enter 既是及物動詞, 也是不及物動詞
enter=go in/come in
go in 與 come in 都可以用enter代替, 但go in(離說話人越來越遠) 與 come in(離說話人越來越近) 方向不一樣,文中強調(diào)的是 “進去” 而非 “進來”
【New words and expressions】
retire v. 退休
company n. 公司
bicycle n. 自行車
save v. 積蓄
workshop n. 車間
helper n. 幫手，助手
employ v. 雇傭
grandson n. 孫子
★retire v. 退休
retire =stop working =stop doing this
He is getting old, He is going to retire. 他越來越老, 他打算退休了
I'm going to retire next year. 我明年會退出影壇或歌壇
I'm so tired that I'm going to retire now. (retire = go to bed)
★company n. 公司
firm n. 商行
corporation n. 責任公司
limited corporation 有限責任公司(縮略形式：Ltd.Co)
business n. 生意，公司
He works in my business. 他在我的公司工作
★save vt. 積蓄
① vt. 挽救，救助，拯救
save one's life
The doctor saved the child’s life.
They saved the child from the fire.
save one's face 挽會面子
② vt. 積蓄，儲蓄
He used to save letters.
save money 存錢
He saved (money) for years to buy a car.
西方人不喜歡提錢, 所以用 save up 表示存錢
I have saved up for many years. 我已經(jīng)存了好幾年的錢
Save it for a rainy day. 未雨綢繆, 為將來需要而做好準備
★workshop n. 車間
workshop n. 車間(工作并且可以拿出來賣)
workhouse n. 感化院(強迫勞動的地方)
★helper n. 幫手, 助手
assistant n. 助理
★employ v. 雇傭
employee n. 雇員 ;employer n. 雇主
trainer n. 教練 ;trainee n. 接受訓練的人
【課文講解】
1、Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop.
head是“首領(lǐng)、頭目”的意思，“the head of+名詞”的意思是“……的老板，頭”
John is the head of the family. 一家之主
Frank is the head of the firm. 弗蘭克是那家公司的總裁。
used to do sth. 過去常常, 但是現(xiàn)在不做
My teacher used to live there. 我的老師過去住在那(現(xiàn)在不住了)
He lived there. 他過去住在那(不知道現(xiàn)在是否住在那)
work…as… 作為……工作
He used to work as a teacher.
as a boy = as he was a boy (as的意思是“當……的時候”)
as a young man 當他年輕的時候
2、It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day.
at that time =just then =at that moment 那時
3、He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.
of one's own 自己的，屬于自己的(own為代詞)
Do you have a house of your own?
my own book (own 起強調(diào)作用, 自己的)
用of one's own 或 one's own 由被修飾詞的位置決定, 如果被修飾名詞在前邊, 用of one's own, 如果被修飾名詞在后邊, 用one's own
4、In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes.
in one's -ies 在某人幾十歲的時候
in one's twenties/thirties/forties/fifties/nineties，十的倍數(shù)的復數(shù)形式可用于表達近似的、非確定的數(shù)量，與所有格形容詞連用時表示大約的年齡。
in my fifties 在我五十多歲的時候
In his fifties, he learned the second language.
in the 1980s 在二十世紀八十年代
I worked /began the job in the 1990s.
5、In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people.
has become 成長為……
in a few years 在一些年之后
…factory which employed… 工廠雇傭……(除了人可以雇傭外，工廠、公司也可以這樣表達)
6、Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.
one’s hard early years =early in one’s life 某人的早年艱辛(生活)
the long road to success 通往成功的長路
There is a long way to go. 還有很長的路要走。
remember v. 記得, 回憶起
memory n. 記憶 ;memorize v. 記住
【Key structures】
過去進行時與一般過去時
過去進行時表示過去某個時刻或某段時間正在進行的動作，和一般過去時經(jīng)常在一個句子里使用。與一般過去時相比，它更強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性，一般過去時則表示比較短暫的動作或事件。在敘述故事時，過去進行時往往用來表示背景。
When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.
As I was getting on the bus, I slipped and hurt my foot.
used to do
used to do表示過去有過但現(xiàn)在已不存在的習慣，以便將過去與現(xiàn)在形成對照。它后面經(jīng)常用由but now…，but not…any more/any longer等構(gòu)成的、用了一般現(xiàn)在時的句子以強調(diào)過去和現(xiàn)在的不同之處。
I used to smoke, but I don’t any more/longer.
He used to be a postman a long time ago. He's a taxi driver now.
很久以前他曾是個郵遞員, 現(xiàn)在他是個出租車司機.
I have given up smoking. I used to smoke very heavily.
我已經(jīng)戒煙了, 過去我吸煙很厲害.
I used to collect stamps when I was a boy.
當我還是個小男孩時, 我常搜集郵票.
used to僅用于一般過去。它的疑問句和否定句形式可以不用助動詞do而用used本身。
Used he to smoke?
He usedn’t /used not to smoke.
但比較常用的形式是did和didn’t
Did he use to smoke?
He didn’t use to smoke.
在針對used to提問時，一般也用did：
I used to be a good swimmer.
Did you really? I didn’t even know you could swim.
【Special Difficulties】
Experience
① n. 經(jīng)歷(可數(shù)名詞)
He told me about his experiences as a young man.
② n. 經(jīng)驗(不可數(shù)名詞)
They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.
Does she have any experience in teaching?
③ vt. 經(jīng)驗，體驗
The village has experienced great changes since 1980.
experienced adj. 有經(jīng)驗的，經(jīng)驗豐富的
John is an experienced driver.
Save
① vt.& vi. 救助，搭救，拯救
save one's life 挽救某人的生命
The doctor saved the child’s life.
save one's face 挽回面子
② vt.& vi. 儲蓄，積攢
save money 存錢(多余的錢)
He saved (money) for years to buy a car.
save it for a rainy day 未雨綢繆
economize [] v.經(jīng)濟，節(jié)省(能不用的就不用，節(jié)衣縮食)
Work and Job
work和job都翻譯為“工作”，job為可數(shù)名詞，一般與“職業(yè)、職位”有關(guān)，或表示某人的“份內(nèi)事”;work作“工作”講時是不可數(shù)名詞，常指具體的“勞動、作業(yè)”或“(待做的)工作或事務(wù)”等，也可能表示“上班”。
John is looking for a new job.
I’m looking for work as a driver.
I am looking for a new job.
It was his job to repair bicycles.
【Composition】
Frank (not only) (neither) (repaired) (made)his grandson's bicycle, (but)(also)went for a ride on it(as well)(both). He (said)(told)me later:‘I(make)(do)aeroplanes, (and) (but) I prefer bicycles.’
not only / repaired / but /as well / told /make/ but
go for a ride/go for a walk 騎車出去/出去散步
ride a car/bicycle/horse
go for a ride on sth (對自行車只能用 “on” ) 出去騎車
prefer [] vt.更喜歡, 寧愿
【Multiple choice questions】
1 When he was a young man, Frank __d__.
a. owned a small shop b. made spare parts for aeroplanes
c. made spare parts for bicycles d. worked hard and saved his money
(a)(b)選項是作為 “he was a young man” 中的一個部分
3 Frank used to work in a small shop. He ___a___.
a. doesn't anymore b. still does
c. is now d. has never done anything else
not anymore 不再
I will not make the mistake anymore.
4 He used to work fourteen hours a day. He did this ___c___ day.
a. one b. some c. each d. a
every day / each day 每天
one day 有一天 ; some day 某一天 ; a 作為計量單位的一部分
I will beat you some day. 總有一天我會打敗你
8 Frank is the ___a___ of a business company.
a. director b. headmaster c. superior d. leader
leader n. 起帶頭作用的人
headmaster [] n. 校長
director n. 管理公司或單位整個事務(wù)的人
Frank is a director of a business company.
superior n. 監(jiān)理
12 He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife ___c___.
a. went in b. entered in c. entered d. entered into
into 后面一定要加地點
enter 既是及物動詞, 也是不及物動詞
enter=go in/come in
go in 與 come in 都可以用enter代替, 但go in(離說話人越來越遠) 與 come in(離說話人越來越近) 方向不一樣,文中強調(diào)的是 “進去” 而非 “進來”