★英語(yǔ)聽力頻道為大家整理的英語(yǔ)六級(jí)聽力練習(xí)材料：馴鹿的秘密，供大家參考。更多閱讀請(qǐng)查看本站英語(yǔ)聽力頻道。
魯?shù)婪蝰Z鹿的特征就是紅彤彤的鼻子。
Rudolph the reindeer is best known for his brightly colored rednose.
然而，其他馴鹿身上最”出彩”的地方，則是他們的眼睛。
For other reindeer, however, the most colorful thingabout them is actually their eyes.
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著季節(jié)的轉(zhuǎn)變，北極地區(qū)馴鹿的眼睛會(huì)從金色變?yōu)樗{(lán)色。
Researchers have found thatdepending on the season, the eyes of Arctic reindeer change from gold to blue.
同許多哺乳動(dòng)物一樣，北極地區(qū)馴鹿的眼睛里有一個(gè)叫做反光膜的組織，簡(jiǎn)稱TL。
Like many mammals, Arctic reindeer have a structure in the eye called the tapetum lucidum, TL forshort.
它位于視網(wǎng)膜后，其功能是反射光線，以增強(qiáng)眼睛夜間視物的敏感性。
It sits behind the retina and reflects light back to increase the sensitivity of night vision.
馴鹿的眼睛會(huì)變色就是因?yàn)榉垂饽ぁ?BR> 麋鹿眼睛.jpg
The TL is also responsible for reindeer eye color changes.
北極夏季會(huì)出現(xiàn)極晝現(xiàn)象，陽(yáng)光無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)處不在，此時(shí)馴鹿眼中的反光膜呈金色，這種顏色可反射更多透過視網(wǎng)膜的光線，使馴鹿在白晝時(shí)的視物性更好。
During the Arctic summer, when it's always light outside, reindeer TL is gold-a color that reflectsmore light back through the retina, better enabling reindeer to see in daylight.
（順便說一句，這也是為什么許多哺乳類動(dòng)物的眼睛是金色。）
(This is why, by theway, many mammals have gold colored eyes.)
但當(dāng)北極的冬季來(lái)臨，出現(xiàn)極夜現(xiàn)像，黑暗籠罩大地時(shí)，馴鹿眼中的反光膜會(huì)變成藍(lán)色。
But when the Arctic winter sets in and darkness reigns, the TL turns blue.
此時(shí)，透過視網(wǎng)膜，反射出去的光會(huì)減少，對(duì)于動(dòng)物來(lái)說，這樣可以使他們?cè)诠饩€不佳的情況下，更容易看見獵物。
The result of this is lesslight reflecting back out through the retina, making it easier for the animals to see predators in dim conditions.
馴鹿的眼睛會(huì)變色可能是馴鹿眼睛受到的壓力發(fā)生改變所致，壓力源自瞳孔不斷放大。
The color change may be caused by shifting pressure in reindeer eyes, which stems from constantpupil dilation.
反光膜在受到壓迫時(shí)會(huì)反射較短波長(zhǎng)的藍(lán)光，這種光在北極的冬天到處都是。
When compressed, the TL reflects shorter wave lengths of blue light which are moreplentiful during Arctic winters.
魯?shù)婪蝰Z鹿的特征就是紅彤彤的鼻子。
Rudolph the reindeer is best known for his brightly colored rednose.
然而，其他馴鹿身上最”出彩”的地方，則是他們的眼睛。
For other reindeer, however, the most colorful thingabout them is actually their eyes.
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著季節(jié)的轉(zhuǎn)變，北極地區(qū)馴鹿的眼睛會(huì)從金色變?yōu)樗{(lán)色。
Researchers have found thatdepending on the season, the eyes of Arctic reindeer change from gold to blue.
同許多哺乳動(dòng)物一樣，北極地區(qū)馴鹿的眼睛里有一個(gè)叫做反光膜的組織，簡(jiǎn)稱TL。
Like many mammals, Arctic reindeer have a structure in the eye called the tapetum lucidum, TL forshort.
它位于視網(wǎng)膜后，其功能是反射光線，以增強(qiáng)眼睛夜間視物的敏感性。
It sits behind the retina and reflects light back to increase the sensitivity of night vision.
馴鹿的眼睛會(huì)變色就是因?yàn)榉垂饽ぁ?BR> 麋鹿眼睛.jpg
The TL is also responsible for reindeer eye color changes.
北極夏季會(huì)出現(xiàn)極晝現(xiàn)象，陽(yáng)光無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)處不在，此時(shí)馴鹿眼中的反光膜呈金色，這種顏色可反射更多透過視網(wǎng)膜的光線，使馴鹿在白晝時(shí)的視物性更好。
During the Arctic summer, when it's always light outside, reindeer TL is gold-a color that reflectsmore light back through the retina, better enabling reindeer to see in daylight.
（順便說一句，這也是為什么許多哺乳類動(dòng)物的眼睛是金色。）
(This is why, by theway, many mammals have gold colored eyes.)
但當(dāng)北極的冬季來(lái)臨，出現(xiàn)極夜現(xiàn)像，黑暗籠罩大地時(shí)，馴鹿眼中的反光膜會(huì)變成藍(lán)色。
But when the Arctic winter sets in and darkness reigns, the TL turns blue.
此時(shí)，透過視網(wǎng)膜，反射出去的光會(huì)減少，對(duì)于動(dòng)物來(lái)說，這樣可以使他們?cè)诠饩€不佳的情況下，更容易看見獵物。
The result of this is lesslight reflecting back out through the retina, making it easier for the animals to see predators in dim conditions.
馴鹿的眼睛會(huì)變色可能是馴鹿眼睛受到的壓力發(fā)生改變所致，壓力源自瞳孔不斷放大。
The color change may be caused by shifting pressure in reindeer eyes, which stems from constantpupil dilation.
反光膜在受到壓迫時(shí)會(huì)反射較短波長(zhǎng)的藍(lán)光，這種光在北極的冬天到處都是。
When compressed, the TL reflects shorter wave lengths of blue light which are moreplentiful during Arctic winters.