金融英語口語教程:英國金融制度

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    《金融英語口語聽力教程》是行業(yè)英語中專為金融行業(yè)設計,為你突破金融英語口語提供幫助。
    The British Financial System
    英國金融制度
    Situation 8
    情景 8
    Tatsuo Horita ,a banker from Japan ,is visiting with an officer of the Bank of England .
    來自日本的銀行家堀田達夫正在與英格蘭銀行的一位高級職員閑談,
    They are talking about the British monetary and financial system .
    他們正談論著英國的貨幣和金融制度。
    Horita:I understand that Bank of England notes have been legal tender in Britain since the early part of the 19th century .
    堀 田:據(jù)我所知,從19世紀初葉,英格蘭銀行發(fā)行的紙幣就已經(jīng)成為英國的法幣了。
    Officer:Yes,actually from 1883,long before the Bank of England was the official central bank for Britain.
    職 員:是的,實際上從1833年開始,英格蘭銀行早已成為英國的官方中央銀行了,
    And special restrictions put on note issurance by other banks in 1844 caused most banks to discontinue issuing notes.
    而且在1844年,還對其他銀行的貨幣發(fā)行實行期一些特別的限制,這就使得大多數(shù)的銀行不再繼續(xù)發(fā)行紙幣。
    H:Weren't Bank of England notes backed by specie?
    堀 田:英格蘭銀行發(fā)行的紙幣不是以金銀鑄幣作為依據(jù)嗎?
    O:Specie or government bonds until 1931.Since then ,of course,the Bank of England like other central banks has not held specie reserves equal to our note issue.
    職 員:直到1931年,還是以鑄幣或政府的債券為依據(jù)的。當然,從那以后,象其它的中央銀行一樣,英格蘭銀行并不持有與我們發(fā)行的紙幣等量的金銀鑄幣儲備。
    H:When did the Bank of England become the official central bank of the United Kingdom?
    堀 田:英格蘭銀行什么時候成為聯(lián)合王國的官方中央銀行的呢?
    O:That's difficult to say .Actually ,the bank was nationalized by the government in 1946.
    職員:這很難說,實際上,在1946年政府已將其收歸國有。
    Before that ,however ,the bank had been the central banking instituion for over a century .
    然而,在這之前,英格蘭銀行就已經(jīng)成為中央銀行有100多年了。
    While we were privately owned ,successive governments felt that we operated in the public interest and gradually enacted laws,
    當時,雖然我們是私立銀行,但歷屆政府都認為我們的業(yè)務經(jīng)營活動有利于公眾利益,并逐步地有所立法,
    which gave us various supervisory functions over other banks .
    這一切賦予了我們對其他銀行的各種監(jiān)督職能。
    H:So the bank now makes fiscal and monetary policies for the country ?
    堀田:因此,目前該銀行就是為國家制定財政和金融政策的。
    O:In coperation with the Cabinet we do .Our functions are not as independent as those of the Federal Reserve in the United States.
    職員:我們在與內(nèi)閣合作中行使我們的職能,但我們的職能不象美國聯(lián)邦儲備那樣具有獨立性。