聽力
A. 短對話
1. 參考原文：
W: I can’t seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard.
M: Oh… Why don’t you use the ladder? You might strain your shoulder.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
點評：本題考點：計劃或者建議。考點在第二個男士的提議。答案選B：Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. strain v.表示拉伸，扭傷 strain your shoulder 拉傷肩膀。
2. 參考原文：
W: Since it’s raining so hard, let’s go and see the new exhibits.
M: That’s a good idea. Mary Johnson is one of my favorite painters.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
點評：本題考點：對話場景題。通過女士提到的“new exhibits”和男士提到的“favorite painters”可推出答案為D：Outside an art gallery.
3. 參考原文：
M: I hear the students gave the new teacher an unfair evaluation.
W: It depends on which student you are talking about.
Q: What does the woman imply?
點評：本題考查語義推斷?？键c在第二個女士的回應(yīng)，面對男士的說法，她并沒有表示認同，而是婉轉(zhuǎn)表達了質(zhì)疑。對應(yīng)選項B. She does not quite agree with what the man said. “unfair evaluation”意思是“不公平的評價”。
4. 參考原文：
W: It must have taken you a long time to fix up all these book shelves.
M: It wasn’t too bad. I got Doris to do some of them.
Q: What does the man mean?
點評：本題考查事實細節(jié)?？键c在第二個男士的話。對應(yīng)選項C. Doris fixed up some of the book shelves.原文中男士說的 “do some of them”指的就是修理書架。
5. 參考原文：
W: Rod, I hear you’ll be leaving at the end of this month. Is it true?
M: Yeah. I’ve been offered a much better position with another firm. I’d be a fool to turn it down.
Q: Why is the man quitting his job?
點評：本題考查因果關(guān)系?？键c在第二個男士所解釋的原因。對應(yīng)D. He has found a better position. “position”即“職位”， “firm”即“公司”。 “quit”即“放棄，辭職”的意思。
6. 參考原文：
W: I honestly don’t want to continue the gardening tomorrow, Tony?
M: Neither do I. But I think we should get it over within this weekend.
Q: What does the man mean?
點評：本題考查轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系?？键c在第二個男士語義轉(zhuǎn)折之后的內(nèi)容。對應(yīng)選項A. They should finish the work as soon as possible. 選項 “finish”同義替換原文中的 “get it over”，而 “as soon as possible”則改寫了 “within this weekend”.
7. 參考原文：
W: You’ve already furnished your apartment?
M: I found some used furniture that was dirt cheap.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
點評：本題考查事實細節(jié)?？键c在第二個男士所說的話，習(xí)慣用語 “dirt cheap”就是“很便宜，白菜價”的意思。對應(yīng)答案D. The furniture the man bought is inexpensive. 其中 “inexpensive”同義改寫了“dirt cheap”。
8. 參考原文：
W: Has the mechanic called the bus repairers?
M: Not yet .I’ll let you know when he calls.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
點評：本題考查語義推斷?？键c要結(jié)合女士的提問和男士的回答。對應(yīng)B. The woman is waiting for a call. “mechanic”指“機械工”，“bus repairers”指“公車修理師”。
B.長對話和短文
Conversation one:
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. Why couldn’t the woman’s roommate attend the Shakespearean English class that afternoon?
10. What favor is the woman going to do for her roommate?
11. What does the woman want to know at the end of the conversation?
答案：
9. 點評：前2句都是禮節(jié)性問答，第3句開始出現(xiàn)新人物 “Janet Holmes”, 即考點預(yù)警信號。關(guān)鍵信息就是女士接下來的回答：“It’s just that she submitted a job application yesterday and the company asked her in for an interview today”.對應(yīng)A選項：She had a job interview to attend.
10. 點評：前文剛剛提到“Janet Holmes”所遇到的問題(因面試不能上課交作業(yè))，接著就提到了解決這一問題的方法，關(guān)鍵聽取原文中“I’m calling to see whether it would be OK if I gave you her essay.”對應(yīng)選項C：Submit her roommate’s assignment.
11. 點評：從四個選項都以特殊疑問詞開頭的特征可以預(yù)判，本題考點是某人的疑問。關(guān)鍵信息是女士在后所提到的問題：“And Dr. Ellis, one more thing, could you tell me where your office is?”對應(yīng)選項A. Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located.
【綜合點評】：本題完全符合長對話 “問答結(jié)構(gòu)”的慣有出題套路，分別針對problem和solution進行提問，而且并沒有出現(xiàn)逆序出題現(xiàn)象為難考生，整體難度一般。
Conversation 2:
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. What does the man say about his job?
13. Which train does the man take to work every day?
14. How does the man feel about commuting to work every day now?
15. How does the man spend his time on the morning train?
答案：
12.點評：第一題完全符合“前3句出考點”的套路，考點信息出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號詞 “But”之后：“But it’s bearable now that I’ m used to it”。 bearable 表示可以忍受的，be used to 表示為習(xí)慣做某事。對應(yīng)選項C：He can handle it quite well.
13. 點評：本題考查時間細節(jié)，所聽即所選。關(guān)鍵信息是“It was terrible at first, especially getting up before dawn to catch that 6:30 train” 對應(yīng)選項B：The 6:30 train.
14. 點評：本題考點再次出現(xiàn)在明顯信號詞But之后：“But now I quite enjoy it.”對應(yīng)選項C：The time on the train is enjoyable
15. 點評：長對話后一題往往對應(yīng)整個對話的結(jié)尾部分。女士后問男士在車上如何消磨時光，男士的回答則是考點信息：“In the morning, I just sit in comfort and read the papers to catch up with the news.”對應(yīng)選項A：Reading newspapers.
【綜合點評】：本題完全符合順序出題原則，有2道題的答案更是直接出現(xiàn)在信號詞But之后，答案直來直往基本不需要進行推斷，出題思路中規(guī)中矩，整體難度一般。
Passage One
16. What should American college students do to cope with their heavy reading assignments?
17. What suggestion does the speaker give about marking a textbook?
18. How should students prepare for an exam according to the speaker?
答案：
16. 點評：根據(jù)短文理解“前3句出考點”原則，如果本文前1、2句的因果關(guān)系沒有成為考點，考點則順延到第3句和第4句，關(guān)鍵信息為“They need to extract as much information as possible from the first or second reading.”extract表示提取、選取， 對應(yīng)選項D：Get key information by reading just once or twice.
17. 點評：從第二段開始，marking skill被反復(fù)提到，無疑是重要考點。就做標記的技巧，作者一共提了3個建議，其中 “Third, decide on your own system for marking”幾乎完整地被選項A照搬下來：Choose one's own system of marking.根據(jù)所聽基本即所選原則，答案就是A。
18. 點評：后一題考察了轉(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu)，考點信息出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號詞 ‘Instead”之后：“Instead, you just need to review your marks and you can save a lot of time.”對應(yīng)選項B：By reviewing only the marked parts.
Passage Two
19. What is taken for granted by most people?
20. What do doctors think of Al Herpin's case?
21. What could have accounted for Al Herpin's sleeplessness?
答案：
19. 點評：答案出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號詞 “But”之后，即：“But everyone needs some rest to stay alive.”對應(yīng)選項D：Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
20. 點評：答案出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號詞 “But”之后，即：“But a man named Al Herpin turned out to be a rare exception”對應(yīng)選項C：It is a rare exception. rare表示稀有的，少見的。
21. 點評：根據(jù)順序出題原則，本題對應(yīng)文章結(jié)尾部分。文章后提到醫(yī)生對Al Herpin不用睡覺感到困惑，緊接著就解釋了原因。 “clue”(表示線索)是本題的考點信號詞，隨后就是考點信息:“He remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he had been born.” 對應(yīng)選項B：His mother's injury just before his birth.
22. What do we learn about Hetty Green as a child?
23. How did Hetty Green become rich overnight?
24. Why was Hetty Green much hated?
25. What do we learn about Hetty's daughter?
答案：
22. 點評：本題略有難度。考點即沒有出現(xiàn)在前3句話，也沒有出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號詞之后，但是只要提前劃記好了本題關(guān)鍵詞，根據(jù)“所聽基本即所選”原則還是可以找到答案C：She developed a strong interest in finance. 該選項對應(yīng)原文信息 “At the age of six she started reading the daily financial newspapers and opened her own bank account.”
23. 點評：本題略有難度。考點緊跟在上一題考點句之后，即 “Her father died when she was 21 and she inherited 7.5 million dollars.”對應(yīng)選項D. She inherited a big fortune from her father.
24. 點評：本題難度較大。錯誤選項中的細節(jié)有較強干擾性，但如果考生對后一段的整體結(jié)構(gòu)有所把握，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)在第一句提到了Hetty的 “meanness”(吝嗇，小氣) 之后，后文 “always argued about prices” “buy broken biscuits” “refused to pay for a doctor”這些細節(jié)都屬于次要信息，是對“meanness”的例證。對應(yīng)選項A. She was extremely mean with her money.
25. 點評：本題考點就是本文后一句話 “her daughter built a hospital with her money”對應(yīng)選項B. She built a hospital with her mother's money.
【短文理解綜合點評】：前2篇文章難度較小，考點規(guī)律性強;第3篇文章難度驟升，具有較強區(qū)分度，考生的實際聽力能力高下立現(xiàn)。
選詞填空
題目一：
本文選自2006年5月16日的經(jīng)濟學(xué)人
http://www.economist.com/node/5636369
參考原文
A nation of non-readers: A strange and costly disregard for books
MANY Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate. Many simply do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The averageBrazilian reads 1.8 non-academic books a year—less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries, spending 5.2 hours a week with a book. Argentines, their neighbours, ranked 18th.
In rare accord, government, businesses and NGOs are all striving in different ways to change this. On March 13th the government launched a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things. The Brazil Reader Institute, an NGO, brings books to people: it has installed lending libraries in two São Paulo metro stations, and is planning one in a Carnival samba school. It is starting to be common to see characters in television soap operas shown reading. Cynics note that Globo, the biggest broadcaster, is also a big publisher of books, newspapers and magazines.
One discouragement to reading is that books are expensive. At São Paulo's book fair this week, “O Código Da Vinci” was on sale for 32 reais—more than a tenth of the official minimum monthly wage. Most other books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.
But Brazilians' indifference to books has deeper roots. Centuries of slavery meant the country's leaders long neglected education. Primary schooling became universal only in the 1990s. Radio was ubiquitous by the 1930s; libraries and bookshops have still not caught up. “The electronic experience came before the written experience,” says Marino Lobello, of the Brazilian Chamber of Books, an industry body.
All this means that Brazil's book market has the biggest growth potential in the western world, reckons Mr Lobello. That notion has attracted foreign publishers, such as Spain's Prisa-Santillana, which bought a local house last year. American evangelical publishers are eyeing the market for religious books, which outsell fiction in Brazil.
But reading is a difficult habit to form. Brazilians bought fewer books in 2004—289m, including textbooks distributed by the government—than they did in 1991. Last year the director of Brazil's national library quit after a controversial tenure. He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites had eaten much of the collection. Along with crime and high interest rates, that ought to be a cause for national shame.
答案及解析
36. N. simply
本空所在句不缺其它成分，該空應(yīng)為副詞。備選副詞J) particularly(專門地、特別地)與N) simply(簡單地、僅僅)中，simply符合句意“許多人僅僅是不想學(xué)著識字?！?BR> 37. A. average
本空修飾名詞Brazilian，需要形容詞。備選形容詞A) average(平均的、普通的)E) expensive(昂貴的)K) potential(潛在的)中，average符合句意“普通的巴西人每年讀1.8本非學(xué)術(shù)書目”。且reads 1.8 non-academic books a year也在提示這里是在描述平均值。
38. M. ranked
本空是該句謂語，缺動詞。且與前句并列，而前句用的過去式，因此本空需動詞過去式。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、F) launched(發(fā)射、發(fā)動)、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽視)、L) quit(退出、辭職)、M) ranked(排名)和O) treasured(珍惜)。能與空后的18th構(gòu)成合理搭配的只有ranked，表示“排在第18位”。另外前句描述的也是巴西的排名。
39. F. launched
本空是該句謂語，缺動詞。由于描述的是過去的日子，需要過去式。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、F) launched(發(fā)射、發(fā)動)、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽視)、L) quit(退出、辭職)和O) treasured(珍惜)。本空后的專有概念National Plan for Books and Reading明顯是個活動或計劃之類，能與之構(gòu)成合理搭配的只有l(wèi)aunched，表示“發(fā)起了此計劃”。
40. E. expensive
本空做表語，主語是books，形容詞、動詞分詞可能性較大。注意到后句提到push up their price，因此這里描述的應(yīng)該是書的價格，expensive符合話題。
41. H. neglected
本空是所在從句的謂語，且描述的是過去、主句也為過去式，因此這里需要過去式。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽視)和L) quit(退出、辭職)O) treasured(珍惜)。注意前句引出的話題是巴西對書籍的漠視，本句提到的也是巴西長期奴隸制的影響，因此本空應(yīng)選擇neglected，表示巴西“長期忽視教育”。distributed意思不合理，treasured則與這里想表示的意思相反。
42. K. potential
本空一種可能是副詞，但備選副詞只剩particularly，而其意思在這里并不合適，這里也沒有構(gòu)成其所表示的遞進關(guān)系的條件。因此只能考慮本空另一種可能：名詞。備選的有B) collection(收集)、D) exhibition(展覽)和K) potential(潛力)。potential是意思合理的，表示巴西的圖市場“有著大的增長潛力”。
43. C. distributed
本空位于名詞后，應(yīng)為后置定語，需要動詞分詞;by提示了這里需要過去分詞。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、G) named(取名、提名)和L) quit(退出、辭職)O) treasured(珍惜)。這里意思合理的只有distributed，表示“被政府分發(fā)的書籍”。
44. L. quit
本空是該句謂語，其描述的是過去，需要過去式，備選的有G) named(取名、提名)、L) quit(退出、辭職)、和O) treasured(珍惜)。同時該空后無賓語，因此必須是不及物動詞，符合此要求的只有quit，表示國家圖書館負責(zé)人辭職。
45. B. collection
空前的定冠詞提示本空需要名詞，備選的有B) collection(收集)和D) exhibition(展覽)。這里意思較合理的是collection，它可以表示圖書館的館藏書籍。意思是“白蟻吃掉了大部分館藏書籍”。
題目二：
本文節(jié)選自Sharon L. Spray, Karen Leah McGlothlin所著Global Climate Change一書。
參考原文
Global warming is what we are worried about, and it is exactly as it sound — a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice melted away. However, we have already reached temperatures that re in line with other interglacial (minimum ice) periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are contributing to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures ranging between 1° and 6 ℃ (2° and 10 ℉) over the next 100 years. The warming will be more dramatic in some areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the impact of this warming will be very different depending on where you are — coastal areas must worry about rising sea level, while Siberia and northern Canada my become more habitable and appealingfor humans than these areas are now.
The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on average, everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that this process has already begun and that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing at the end of the twentieth century are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC] 1995). Some scientists maintain that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random variation — some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm yearsrecently — but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.
答案解析
36. I) melted
本空是謂語，需要動詞，且空前并列成分謂語用的是過去式ended，因此需要過去式。備選的有melted(融化)和resolved(決心)，能與空前ice構(gòu)成合理意思、且與空后away構(gòu)成搭配的只有melted，表示“冰川融化”。
37. G) line
本空空前是介詞，因此需要名詞性成分，且要考慮與空后的with構(gòu)成搭配。符合要求的只有l(wèi)ine(in line with，與……一致)。意思是我們已經(jīng)接近“與其他小冰川期時一致的溫度”。
38. C) contributing
前句用完成時表示已經(jīng)達到的狀態(tài)，本句we are描述的則是正在發(fā)生的過程，需要動詞的ing形式，且要考慮與空后的介詞to構(gòu)成搭配。備選的有appealing to(呼吁、上訴)、contributing to(促成、導(dǎo)致)，ranging后不直接與介詞to構(gòu)成搭配。意思合理的只有contributing，為“我們正促成世界范圍內(nèi)氣溫的升高”。
39. K) ranging
本空引領(lǐng)的是temperature的后置定語，需要動詞分詞。備選的有appealing(呼吁、上訴)、ranging(范圍在……)和resolved(決心)。空后的between 1℃ and 6 ℃明顯是范圍區(qū)間，因此ranging合乎語義。range between/from A and B為常用搭配。
40. D) dramatic
本空作為表語，且空前有more，提示了本空需要形容詞。備選的有appealing(有吸引力的)、dramatic(戲劇性的、突發(fā)的)和sensible(明智的)。這里描述的是氣候變化的效果，因此dramatic意思更合適，意為“某些地方的氣候變化會更加戲劇化”。后半句提到的有些地方可能cool off(變冷)也是暗示氣候變化的突發(fā)及劇烈。
41. F) impact
空前的the暗示本空需要名詞。備選的有average(平均)、impact(影響)和shock(震驚)。impact和shock都能用于與warming構(gòu)成搭配，但后面提到的different depending on where you are提示了本空應(yīng)當是一個較為寬泛的概念，故impact更合適，意為“氣候變暖的影響因所在地不同而不同”。
42. A) appealing
空前的and提示了本空與and前的habitable(宜居的)同詞性且義相近。因此本空需要形容詞，備選的有appealing(有吸引力的)和sensible(明智的)。意思上與habitable更能并列、描述本句所說的Siberia and northern Canada的影視appealing，表示“西伯利亞和加拿大北部可能會變得更宜居、更吸引人”。
43. B) average
空前介詞on提示了本空需要名詞性成分與之構(gòu)成搭配。備選的有average(平均)和shock(震驚)。這里意思更合理的是average，且on average是固定搭配“平均地”。
44. H) maintain
本空需要謂語，且前句所用為一般現(xiàn)在時，考慮到本句主語為復(fù)數(shù)scientists，因此本空需要動詞原形。備選的有maintain(維持、堅稱)、persist(堅持)和shock(震驚)。但persist為不及物動詞，而本空后有賓語從句;shock意思不合適是且一般后面接人。因此只能選maintain。意為“有些科學(xué)家堅稱……”。
45. L) recently
本空所在句不缺其它成分，本空需要副詞。備選的又frequently(頻繁地)和recently(近)?？涨疤岬娇茖W(xué)家認為氣候變化無規(guī)律，有些年冷、有些年熱(some years are cold, others warm)。本空所在的we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years應(yīng)當是順著科學(xué)家的觀點而來，解釋我們現(xiàn)在所處的正好是偏熱的年份期。因此本空用recently強調(diào)當下更佳。若選frequently表示“我們頻繁處在偏熱的年份”，則與科學(xué)家所持的氣溫冷熱無規(guī)律交替的觀點不相符合。
題目三：
本文選自2005年9月及10月TIME雜志上Chevron(雪佛龍，美國第二大能源公司)公司的廣告。
The fact is, the world has been finding less oil than it’s been using for 20 years now. Not only has demand been soaring, but the oil we’ve been finding is coming from places that are tough to reach. At the same time, more of this newly discovered oil is of the type that requires a greater investment to refine. And because demand for this precious resource will grow, according to some, by over 40% by 2025, fuelling the world’s growing economic prosperity will take a lot more energy from every possible source.
The energy industry needs to get more from existing fields while continuing to search for newreserves. Automakers must continue to improve fuel efficiency and perfect hybrid vehicles. Technological improvements are needed so that wind, solar and hydrogen can be more viableparts of the energy equation. Governments need to create energy policies that promoteeconomically and environmentally sound development. Consumers must demand, and be willing to pay for, some of these solutions, while practising conservation efforts of their own.
Inaction is not an option. But if everyone works together, we can balance this equation. We’re taking some of the steps needed to get started, but we need your help to get the rest of the way.
答案解析
36. N) soaring
本空所在句式在用進行時表示目前石油需求的變化，該空需要動詞ing形式。備選的有declining(下降)和soaring(猛增)。注意前句提到世界上找到的石油越來越少，可推知本文探討的應(yīng)該是石油供應(yīng)不足的現(xiàn)象，那么石油的需求應(yīng)當是上升的。因此選soaring。
37. E) difficult
本空是表語，且是在描述石油的來源地的特征，應(yīng)當需要形容詞?？紤]到前句已經(jīng)提到石油供應(yīng)不足，那么這里應(yīng)當描述的也是消極的現(xiàn)狀，即石油來源地也很難接近，difficult無論詞性還是意思上都很滿足。
38. F) discovered
本空是形容詞在形容石油，空前的newly提示了這里所描述的石油應(yīng)當是和前文提到的已經(jīng)找到(find)的石油相對比。因此這里提到的應(yīng)當是新找到的石油，discovered分詞作為形容詞使用，意思上也很合理。
39. L) refine
本空位于不定式中，因此需要動詞原形。備選的有cultivate(培養(yǎng))和refine(提煉)。注意到本不定式是在描述新開發(fā)的石油所需要進行的工序，能構(gòu)成合理意思的只有refine。refine the oil意為“煉油”。
40. J) growth
本空被形容詞economic修飾，需要名詞。備選的有exception(例外)、growth(增長)、option(選擇)reserves(儲備)和steps(步驟)。能與economic構(gòu)成合理搭配的只有g(shù)rowth，這里表示“世界經(jīng)濟的增長”。
41. M) reserves
本空被形容詞new修飾，且在介詞for后，需要名詞。備選的有exception(例外)、option(選擇)reserves(儲備)和steps(步驟)。注意本句提到的是能源行業(yè)需要持續(xù)搜索的東西，能構(gòu)成合理意思的只有reserves，意為需要只需尋找“新的能源儲備”。
42. I) feasible
本空修飾名詞parts，且空前有more，因此需要形容詞。備選的還有declining(下降的)和feasible(可行的)。本句描述的是風(fēng)能、太陽能、氫能等，根據(jù)文章話題，明顯是希望這些新能源發(fā)揮更大作用，因此這里不可能選declining。feasible在這里構(gòu)成的意思是“能源方程中更合理的部分”，即更合理的解決方案。
43. G) economically
本空與空后的environmentally用and構(gòu)成了并列，可知需要副詞。備選的有consequently(因此)與economically(經(jīng)濟上)。其中能與environmentally(環(huán)境上)含義上構(gòu)成并列的只有economically。
44. K) option
空前的an提示本空需要名詞，且必須是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。備選的有exception(例外)和option(選擇)。句首的inaction意為“不作為”，因此能構(gòu)成合理意思的只有option。本句意思是“無所作為不是一個選擇”，即我們決不能不采取行動。
45. O) steps
空前的the提示本空需要名詞，且some提示本空需要名詞復(fù)數(shù)。符合條件的只有steps(步驟)。take steps意為“采取措施“。
長篇閱讀
第一篇：The End of the Book?
本文選自2011年5月21日The American Magazine
文章參看：http://www.american.com/archive/2011/may/the-end-of-the-book
答案及解析：
46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.
答案：D
解析：對應(yīng)D段末句。printed versions(紙質(zhì)版本)對應(yīng)hard copy(印刷版本)，be considered important ones(被認為重要)對應(yīng)become the mark…to reckon(認為是標志)。
47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.
答案：N
解析：對應(yīng)N段第三句提到的tactile pleasure in books(書本的觸覺上的愉悅)。
48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.
答案：J
解析：對應(yīng)J段后兩句。changed greatly(巨大改變)對應(yīng)a very different business(相當不同的行業(yè))，attracts more listeners(吸引更多聽眾)對應(yīng)enlarged their audience(擴大受眾面)。
49. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.
答案：H
解析：對應(yīng)H段第二句。many people’s prediction對應(yīng)widely predicted。
50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.
答案：A
解析：這是對A段所描述的電子書在近幾年內(nèi)大幅增長的現(xiàn)象的概括。
51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.
答案：L
解析：對應(yīng)L段第三句。continues to exist(繼續(xù)存在)對應(yīng)remain(保持)，reliability(可靠)對應(yīng)backup(支持、后盾)。
52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.
答案：B
解析：對應(yīng)B段第三句。make changes(做出改變)對應(yīng)go through a transformation(經(jīng)歷轉(zhuǎn)變)，not seen for centuries是對該句后部分時間表達的概括。
53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.
答案：F
解析：對應(yīng)F段第一句。a clear advantage(明顯優(yōu)勢)歲對better, cheaper or both的概括。take the place of(代替)對應(yīng)replace(代替)。
54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.
答案：C
解析：完全對應(yīng)C段第二句。
55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.
答案：M
解析：對應(yīng)M段第三句。has a stronger appeal to buyers(對購買者有很強吸引力)對應(yīng)a powerful selling point(強勁賣點)。
第二篇：The Touch-Screen Generation
本文選自2013年4月的The Atlantic
文章參看：http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2013/04/the-touch-screen-generation/309250/2/
答案及解析：
46.The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronic age.
答案：D
解析：對應(yīng)D段第一句： come to the developers’ conference 對應(yīng) attended the conference(出席會議)， that they might offer some guiding principle for American parents 對應(yīng)hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting(提供指導(dǎo)原則)。
47.American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children.
答案：G
解析：G段第一句American parents完全重現(xiàn)， more, not less, wary(謹慎的)對應(yīng)more doubtful。
48.Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.
答案：A
解析：對應(yīng)A段后一句：.Some experts 對應(yīng) developers(開發(fā)者), human intelligence develops by the use of hands 對應(yīng) The hands are the instruments of man’s intelligence.(人類才智由雙手的使用而發(fā)展)
49.The author found a former Montessori teacher strict control over her kids’ screen time.
答案：E
解析：E段第一句和后一句綜合得來。 a former Montessori teacher 完全是原文重現(xiàn)，I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop.對應(yīng)strict control over her kids’ screen time.(嚴格控制玩電子設(shè)備的時間)。
50.Research shows interaction with people is key to babies’ brain development.
答案：C
解析：C段第二句 research on brain development 完全重現(xiàn)， critical need 對應(yīng)key(關(guān)鍵)，direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers對應(yīng)interaction with people(人際互動)。
51.So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.
答案：H
解析：H段倒數(shù)第二句中，To date對應(yīng)So far(如今)，no body of research has definitively proved that 對應(yīng)no scientific proof(無科學(xué)依據(jù))。
52.American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids’interpersonal relationships/
答案：G
解析：G段的后兩句中：Parents與 tablets完全重現(xiàn)， can’t make eye contact and has an avatar for a girlfriend(不敢直視他人或只能在家幻想女盆友——好邪惡) 對應(yīng) create problems with their kids’interpersonal relationships(人際交往發(fā)生了問題)。
53.The author expected developers of children’s apps to specify the benefits of the new technology.
答案：D
解析：D段的倒數(shù)第二句， articulate(清晰表達) some benefits of the new technology對應(yīng)specify(詳述)the benefits of the new technology.
54.The kids at the gathering wre more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.
答案：A
解析：A段第三句出現(xiàn)helicopter， 第四句的轉(zhuǎn)折 But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of candy.對應(yīng)more fascinated by the iPads(但部分人看著iPad就像看糖果般目不轉(zhuǎn)睛)。
55.The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.
答案：F
解析：F段第四句， permissive對應(yīng)permits(允許)， half an hour a day完全重現(xiàn)， my rule at home對應(yīng)The author。
仔細閱讀
第一篇：STEM
原文出自《TIME》
http://ideas.time.com/2013/06/19/our-economy-can-still-support-liberal-arts-majors/
答案及解析
56.B
本題屬于觀點型細節(jié)題，問近的國會報告提出了什么建議。根據(jù)題干定位詞latest congressional report 定位到文章第二段第一句。Acknowledge意為“承認”，引出觀點。前半句非常簡單，“近的國會報告承認了技術(shù)訓(xùn)練的關(guān)鍵性”，后半句以but進行語義轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“但是他們也認為關(guān)于人文學(xué)科和社會科學(xué)的研究都必須在任何等級的美國教育系統(tǒng)中作為核心部分”。之后的both areas are critical to…都是在描述這兩門學(xué)科對塑造人才的積極影響，可以略讀。
再來看四個選項。
A. STEM在第一段有解釋，分別由science, technology, engineering和maths的首字母組成，意為“科學(xué)”，“技術(shù)”，“工程學(xué)”和“數(shù)學(xué)”。所以A選項的意思是“與STEM相關(guān)的學(xué)科可以幫助學(xué)生在信息社會找到工作”。文章對于STEM的影響的描述只出現(xiàn)在第二段的后一句話，但沒有提及能幫助找工作，屬于無中生有，排除。
B. 意思是“人文學(xué)科和STEM應(yīng)該被給與相同的重要性”。通過第二段第一句話but后面的內(nèi)容可以確定B為正選。選項的難點是STEM在文中是以social science進行同義替換的方式出現(xiàn)的。Should be given equal importance和原文的must remain central components of …對應(yīng)。
C. “高等教育的文科能幫助學(xué)生豐富精神世界”。C選項的干擾性同樣來自于第二段的后一句，但需要注意的是原文所說的spiritual enrichment是由reflection on the great ideas of mankind提供而非選項所指的liberal arts. 故C排除。
D. “高等教育應(yīng)該適用于社會的實際需求”。這個選項屬于無中生有，比較容易排除。
57.D
題目問學(xué)生選擇專業(yè)時主要關(guān)心什么。結(jié)合順序原則可以大致定位到第三段，本段前兩句話講述了家長和學(xué)生們在為高等教育做出巨大投資之后所以擔(dān)心的問題就是市場的變化可能會導(dǎo)致孩子們將來就業(yè)機會變少以及工資降低。并且根據(jù)這個大背景提出了一個公認的解決的辦法，也就是由題干中的major定位到的本段第三句，“Major in a subject designed to get you a job”seems the obvious answer to some,… 意思是“選擇一個為給你找到工作而設(shè)計的專業(yè)是大部分人認可大答案”。
A.“對相關(guān)專業(yè)的興趣。”
B.“課程的學(xué)術(shù)價值?！?BR> C.“接受的教育的質(zhì)量?！?BR> D.“找到工作的機會?！痹牡耐x改寫，鎖定D答案。
58.A
問作者如何評價所謂的“軟”學(xué)科。本題答案依然出自于第三段，57題定位句的后半句，即though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run.本句的disciplines與subjects都是“學(xué)科”的意思，所以這句話可以翻譯成“盡管他們忽略一個事實，那就是人文學(xué)科中那些被描述成“軟”學(xué)科的，通常能夠能夠促成將來的就業(yè)和成功”。
A.“他們會在將來的生活使學(xué)生受益。”benefit與原文的lead to employment and success對應(yīng)，in their future與原文的in the long run對應(yīng)。A為正選。
B.“他們能擴大學(xué)生的興趣。”
C.“他們能提高學(xué)生的交流能力。”
D.“他們對于學(xué)生的健康成長至關(guān)重要。”BCD均為無中生有，直接排除。
58.D
問老板想找什么類型的應(yīng)聘者。答案出自第三段后一句話，employers have expressed a preference for students who received a broadly-based education that has taught them how to write well, think carefully, research creatively, and communicate easily. 這句話非常直白地告訴我們老板所偏愛的員工是接受過broadly-based education的人，即“全方位教育”，所以與這句話有相同描述的選項即為正選。
A.“那些有強烈責(zé)任感的人。”
B.“那些能夠解決實際問題的人?！?BR> C.“那些有可能成為有創(chuàng)新力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的人?！?BR> D.“那些接受過全方位教育的人?！眞ell-rounded是broadly-based的同義改寫，所以D為正選。
60.C
A.“尋找機會開發(fā)自己的潛力?！?BR> B.“試著參加各種實際課程?！?BR> C.“為不同的工作選擇做好準備?！?BR> D.“采取靈活的方法來解決問題?！?BR> 問作者給大學(xué)生提了什么建議。全文只有四段話，前三段都已經(jīng)用于解決之前的四道題，所以后一題自然而然地定位到后一段。并且由第一句里的students should…就應(yīng)該知道作者提出了某個建議，所以答案應(yīng)該就出自這一句話。原文提到“學(xué)生們不僅應(yīng)該為他們的第一個工作做準備，還有為他們的第四甚至第五個工作做準備”，這句話完全對應(yīng)C選項所說的內(nèi)容。
第二篇：Energy Independence
本文原文出處：2012年12月7號 The Americans
http://american.com/archive/2012/december/depending-on-energy-not-energy-independent
61、A 此題并非主旨題，按順序原則及題干信息定位首段。 “If you think so, you’re not alone”表明作者持有同樣想法，答案往“so”前面找——“Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it, doesn’t it?” have a nice ring to sth.表示“聽起來不錯，令人向往”的意思，選項A的attractive是其同義改寫。即使不了解短語，根據(jù)nice可判斷正態(tài)度，答案選A。
62、D 由題干信息biofuels定位在第四段落。定位句本身出現(xiàn)but強調(diào)：“but most biofuels are a Faustian bargain, causing economic waste and environmental destruction. ”but后面的強調(diào)才是作者對于biofuels的真正想法——causing economic waste and environmental destruction。選項中AB選項均為正態(tài)度，與原文不符直接排除。原文中C選項為干擾選項，“可持續(xù)的能源供給”，文章未提及。
63 、C 按照閱讀出題的“順序原則”直接看到下一段(第五段)。首句“Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. ”美國人不愿意自己產(chǎn)油，是63題題干信息當中“…America rely on heavily on oil imports”的同義改寫。根據(jù)“金三句原則”定位到定位句的下一句“the American people…decided that they value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. ” 相比從國外進口石油，美國人更看重環(huán)境質(zhì)量，由此判斷，答案選C——“keep environment intact”。
64、B 根據(jù)定位詞oil trade以及順序原則定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段。首句“there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency…we benefit” , allow for 本意為考慮顧及到，這里可靈活的翻譯為have，表示“有”的意思，可得知選B選項——It improves economic efficiency.。
65、A 問作者寫作意圖，即問全文主旨。根據(jù)各段首句以及串聯(lián)五個題干信息可得知，文章主要討論“America”的“energy independence”，就可以直接排除BCD選項了。為做題保險，還要進一步確認。由文章末端的結(jié)尾“At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits…when we engage in energy trade around the world.” 可得知作者態(tài)度還是站在“oil imports”這一邊的，因為可以得到“massive economic benefits”，所以作者還是在為“oil imports”而申辯的。答案選A。
第三篇：Leadership Literature
原文出自《BUSINESS INSIDER》http://www.businessinsider.com/3-signs-youre-a-true-leader-2013-6?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed:+businessinsider+(Business+Insider)
61.B
What does the author think the leaders he knows?
A. Many of them are used to taking charge.(他們中的很多人習(xí)慣于掌控)
B. Few of them are equal to their positions.(他們中很少有人配得上自己的職位)
C. Many of them fail to fully develop their potential.(他們中的很多人沒有完全開發(fā)自己的潛力)
D. Few of them are familiar with leadership literature.(他們中很少有人熟悉領(lǐng)導(dǎo)手冊)
題目問作者是如何看待他所認識的的。通過順序原則和定位詞the leaders he knows可以找到文章第二段的第一句，I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who are sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities.注意這句話里的way并不是我們所熟知的名詞含義“方法”，而是一個程度副詞，類似于“相當?shù)亍?。這句話的大致意思就是“相比于那些真正高效的，我見到更多的是處在的位置卻卻總是被自己的無能給蒙蔽的人”。B選項即為這句話的同義改寫。
62.A
Why are some people eager to grab leadership positions?
A. They believe they have the natural gift to lead.(他們認為自己有天生的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能)
B. They believe in what leadership literature says.(他們相信領(lǐng)導(dǎo)手冊說的東西)
C. They have proved competent in many situations.(他們在很多情況下都被證明是無能的)
D. They derive great satisfaction from being leaders.(他們在做領(lǐng)導(dǎo)時感受到極度的不滿)
題目問為什么很多人總是熱衷于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位。這道題是因果細節(jié)題，常規(guī)的解決方法是通過題干路標詞定位，再在定位句附近尋找因果邏輯詞鎖定答案。通過grab leadership position定位到第四段第二句Whether it’s a decision-making session, a basketball game, a family outing, they can’t help grabbing the lead dog position and cling to it for dear life. 這句話意思不難理解，說的就是很多人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)欲很強不管是在什么場合之下。往后一句話直接道破了他們這樣做的原因。They believe they are natural born leaders. A選項同義改寫，為正選。
63.D
What characterizes a great leader according to the author?
A. Being able to take prompt action when chances present themselves.(當機會自己出現(xiàn)時能做出及時的反應(yīng))
B. Having a whole-hearted dedication to their divine responsibilities.(全身心地奉獻給他們神圣的責(zé)任)
C. Having a full understanding of their own merits and weaknesses.(對自己的優(yōu)點和缺點有深刻的理解)
D. Being able to assess the situation carefully before taking charge.(能在掌控之前仔細評估形勢)
題目問根據(jù)作者，什么能夠用來形容一個成功的。通過great leaders直接定位到文章第五段第四句。A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it.這句話很明顯就是作者對于成功的描述，所以答案不言而喻，一個成功的懂得審時度勢，再決定是否應(yīng)該掌控一切。所以D為正選。
64.B
How will many business executives respond when their command fails to generate action?
A. They reassess the situation at hand.(他們會重新估計當下的形勢)
B. They become impatient and rude.(他們變的不耐煩和粗魯)
C. They resort to any tool available.(他們會使用任何可用的工具)
D. They blame their team members.(他們會埋怨自己的團隊成員)
題目問當命令沒有落實到行動時，很多經(jīng)理是如何反應(yīng)的。通過many business executives 定位到第六段第一句話，Many business executives confuse leadership with action. 這句話并沒有直接體現(xiàn)答案，所以我們可以適當?shù)赝笞x。第三句話寫到Faced with any situation can’t be solved by the sheer force of activity, they generate a dust cloud of impatience.意思是“當遇到?jīng)]法全憑行動來解決的問題時，他們就會變得極度不耐煩”。這句話基本對應(yīng)了B選項的impatient，但是還不夠。再往后一句話，Their one leadership tool is volume: if they think you are not working as hard as they think you should, their demands become increasingly louder and harsher. “聲音是他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)工具之一，如果他們認為你沒有像他們期望的那么努力工作，他們的命令就會變得越來越大聲和刺耳”。這一句話對應(yīng)的是B里的rude。所以B為正選。
65.C
What is the author’s advice to leaders?
A. Concentrate on one specific task at a time.(同時只專注于一個特定的任務(wù))
B. Use different tools to achieve different goals.(用不同的工具來實現(xiàn)不同的目標)
C. Build up s strong team to achieve their goals.(建立一個強大的團隊來實現(xiàn)他們的目標)
D. Show determination when faced with tough tasks.(面臨艱巨的任務(wù)時體現(xiàn)出強烈的決心)
題目問作者對于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的建議是什么。做完前面四道題還有后兩段話沒有用于定位，所以完全可以把兩段話都快速讀一遍。本題的答案出自后一句話。A true leader is someone who develops his or her team so that they can and do hit their targets and achieve their goals. C選項就是整句話的同義改寫，為正選。ABD均為無中生有。
第四篇：Millennials
61.D
What does the author of the passage think of Millennials?
A. They show little interest in entertainment.(他們對于娛樂活動沒什么興趣)
B. They are not confident about their ability.(他們對自己的能力不自信)
C. They enjoy an easy life due to high technology.(因為高科技他們能享受輕松的生活)
D. They may not have bright prospects for success.(他們可能不會有成功的希望)
題目問作者如何看待“千禧一代”的。這篇文章比較特殊，幾乎每個題里都有Millennials這個詞，所以很難用它來進行準確地定位，我們只能依靠順序原則按照段落一段一段地去找答案。文章第一段話提到一個人叫作Joel Stein的人，他認為Millennials這一代人的還是有潛力的，但第二段的開頭作者說到I hesitate to share his optimism…說他對于分享這份樂觀有點猶豫，意味著他覺得他們這代人并不是optimistic的。D選項就是這句話的同義改寫。ABC屬于無中生有的干擾項。
62.B
How do Millennials feel about their life?
A. They can hardly do anything about it.(他們幾乎不能做任何事)
B. There is little in it to get excited about.(很少有能讓他們感覺興奮的事)
C. It is not as good as their parents’.(不如他們父母的生活好)
D. It is full of opportunities for success.(充滿了成功的機會)
這道題難度比較大，關(guān)鍵的還是像第一題說的，很難進行定位，所以我們依然只能按照順序原則往下看。第二段的后半句說…,yet we are more bored than ever before. 意思是“我們前所未有的無聊”，與B選項的…little in it to get excited about.完全對應(yīng)。再來看其他幾個選項，A，文章第五段首句說到But do Millennials respond to these economic troubles by doing whatever it takes to make ends meet? Hardly? 很多同學(xué)可能會腦一熱就選了這個答案，但問題是文章說的是“他們幾乎不會…”而選項則是“他們幾乎不能…”,這并不是一個概念。而且題目問的是他們的態(tài)度，A更像是描述一個現(xiàn)狀，所以A排除。再往后看，C選項出自于第四句話Millennials want to save the world, but they sit and wait for that world-changing opportunity to be handed to them. 意思是“這些人想要拯救世界但只是坐著等改變世界的機會自己降臨”。但D選項的full of并沒有在文中體現(xiàn)，所以也可以排除。C選項在后一句有提及，Millennials may the first generation to have a lower standard of living than their parents…但此處是作者的評價而非Millennials自己的態(tài)度。C也排除。因此正選為B
63.C
In what way are Millennials different from previous generations according to Pew Research?
A. They spend less time socializing.(他們花很少的時間社交)
B. They are indifferent to others.(他們對別人漠不關(guān)心)
C. They do not value hard work.(他們不重視努力工作)
D. They are more independent.(他們更加獨立)
題目問根據(jù)Pew Research, Millennials在哪些方面不同于他們的先輩。通過路標詞Pew Research直接定位到第五段的第二句，…the Millennial generation does not cite work ethic as distinctive of itself.意思就是這一輩人并不把努力工作當作非常重要的事。鎖定C選項。
64.D
What should Millennials do according to the author?
A. Remain optimistic in face of adversity.(在面臨逆境時仍然保持樂觀)
B. Start a business as early as possible.(盡早開始創(chuàng)業(yè))
C. Make full use of new opportunities.(充分利用新的機會)
D. Take action to change their situation.(采取行動來改變他們的現(xiàn)狀)
題目問根據(jù)作者的說法，Millennials應(yīng)該怎么做。這道題的答案出自第五段第五句，Instead of working 2-3 jobs, launching a business, or doing what is takes to succeed, they retreat. 意思是“并沒有兼兩三份工作，也沒有開始創(chuàng)業(yè)或者做能讓他們成功的事，他們只是撤退?！蓖ㄟ^instead of 這個短語我們也應(yīng)該知道作者的態(tài)度是他們就應(yīng)該多找?guī)追莨ぷ?，開始創(chuàng)作或者做些別的事情。AC選項無中生有們可以排除。B里的start a business文中有提及但并沒有說as early as possible,也排除。所以D為正選。
65.B
Why are Millennials over-confident about themselves?
A. They have been spoiled by their parents.(他們被父母寵壞了)
B. They can always get whatever they expect.(他們想要什么就能得到什么)
C. They are misguided by management books.(他們被管理手冊誤導(dǎo)了)
D. They think they are young and energetic.(他們認為自己年輕而且精力充沛)
題目問什么Millennials那么自負。這道題相對簡單，按照順序原則定位到全文后一句，Today’s young adults were raised by parents who made sure to boost their self-esteem at every turn, telling them they could achieve whatever they set their minds to, and handing out prizes for the sixth place. 句中self-esteem意為“自尊”，大致意思就是“父母會盡量保證自己能激勵孩子的自尊，告訴他們可以實現(xiàn)任何他們想做的事情?！盉選項是這句話的同義改寫。所以正選為B。
第五篇：Hospitals
本文原文出處：2011年12月15號 紐約時報
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/15/health/as-doctors-use-more-devices-potential-for-distraction-grows.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1&ref=todayspaper
56、A. To reduce medical error
根據(jù)四個有規(guī)律的選項信息可判斷這是不定式問目的的題目。先找到定位點，再在定位點附近找包含信息的不定式。根據(jù)題干信息，畫出定位詞“computers, smartphones and other devices”可以迅速定位到文章首段首句——“Hospitals, hoping to curb medical error, have invested heavily to put computers, smartphones and other devices into the hands of medical staff…”。其中“invested…into the hands of medical staff”就是題干“equip their staff with..”所同義改寫的部分。定位句中的插入語部分“hoping to curb medical error”即要找的不定式，對比原文和選項，“curb”是抑制的意思，選項中的“reduce”是對它的同義改寫，后選A——to reduce medical error。
57、C. The problem of devices preventing doctors from focusing on their patients.
例證題。按題干定位詞“distracted doctoring”定位在第三段。而distracted doctoring所描述的是第三段首句的“this phenomenon”，講的是第二段中所例證的phenomenon，所以答案往上一段找。第二段首句舉例說明了隨之而來的“side effect”——“doctors and nurses can be focused on the screen and not the patient”、“admitted texting during a procedure”，可見作者通過說“distracted doctoring”是想說明devices的“side effect”，即C選項。
58 、B. Doctors’ interaction with their devices may endanger patients’ lives.
根據(jù)題干信息“Dr. Peter Papadakos”定位在文章第四段和第五段，其中都包含了DPP這個人所說的話。第四段說到把devices帶到醫(yī)院“to do medical records”，同時也可以上網(wǎng)、看臉書，而且這些會更加的“tempting”;第五段說道自己的“fut feeling”即“worry”是“l(fā)ives are in danger”?？偨Y(jié)兩段的表述，devices對醫(yī)生的吸引以及病人生命危在旦夕，即可選出B選項。
59、C . Data is given too much importance in patient care.
因果題。根據(jù)題干信息問的是“why”——原因，因此要確定找到定位點附近的因果詞，判斷孰因孰果選出答案。根據(jù)題干“increasing pressure”定位在文章第七段后一行后一句，根據(jù)金三句原則——定位句本身以及前句和后句，找到第八段首句“The pressure stems from”——“這種壓力源自…”即答案在這個后面。根據(jù)這里所說的patient care must be data driven可選出答案為C。
60、B. They focus their attention on the patient's condition.
根據(jù)題干信息Peter Carmel以及順序原則定位到后一段，而對“doctors”的“advice”應(yīng)該在末段末句的后半部分“but he added that doctors’ first priority should be with the patient”，即對醫(yī)生的建議擺在首位的一定是“patient”，四個選項中跟patient相關(guān)的只有選項B，其他均未提及。
第六篇：Woman and Man
本文原文出處：2013年2月21日 華盛頓郵報
http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-leadership/why-our-brightest-female-graduates-are-still-at-a-disadvantage/2013/02/21/68cb192a-7c5a-11e2-82e8-61a46c2cde3d_story_1.html
56、C. they feel obliged to take care of their kids at home
文章第一段大致說明了“women earn less than men”的現(xiàn)象，而由題干中的“traditionally”定位到文章第二段?！癆ll the traditional reasons…women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids…”，由此可選出C選項，核心原因是kids。
57、B. It does not consider the economic impact on graduates.
由題干信息America’s higher education system定位在第三段落后一句“…h(huán)igher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students’ year on campus”。選項中跟economic consequences相關(guān)的選項只有B選項，“economic impact”是對原文“economic consequences”的同義改寫。
58 、A. It is different for male and female students.
由題干的“today”定位到第四段的“now”。第四段中“… one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place. It is not.”，繼而舉例論證campus中男女學(xué)生的不同待遇， “They enroll in different kinds of classes…”,因此答案選A。
59、D. They don't perform as well as they did in high school.
文中第四段有：studies show that while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off during their college years.重點在于動詞詞組，trail off 有漸漸減弱的意思，在這里明顯是指女生到了大學(xué)后表現(xiàn)開始不如高中，C選項don't perform as well as they did in high school即是表示的這個意思。即使不知道trail off 的意思也可以通過句首連詞while，來判斷出下一句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。從而知道是在大學(xué)表現(xiàn)變差。
60、A. Woman are too worn out to be ambitious.
題干問作者對于男人女人間“pay gap”的解釋，根據(jù)順序原則定位到文章末段，后一句“No wonder they are not negotiation for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school”的原因是“They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing”，由此對比選項，“Women are too worn out to be ambitious”是更為貼近原文主旨的選線，因此選A。
寫作
作文題：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is going to visit your hometown/your campus/China(多題多卷的三個不同), what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?
The most interesting place
Dear Pacival,
I am thrilled to know that you are going to visit my hometown and I can’t wait to see you again. I miss everything that happened when I was in your city, and your parents and you were so kind to me that I will try my best this time to make your stay an enjoyable and memorable one.
My home town，Changsha, is the capital of Hunan province and best known as the star city for its well developed entertainment industry and tourism. There are numerous places and attractions worth recommending, and Yuelu Mountain is the first one that I’d like to introduce to you. Firstly, at the foot of Yuelu Mountain is the prominent Yuelu Academy. It has an exceedingly long history and its architecture is characteristic of Song Dynasty. Then, after a half hour tour, we will reach the Bird Forest. There are various rare birds there, and they can sing, perform, and interact with us. After about an hour, we will arrive at the peak, Baiyun Summit. The scenery there is spectacular and we can have a wonderful panorama of the whole city.
I bet you must be very excited about all these activities, and the Yuelu Mountain is waiting for us to explore. All you need is to pack up and go, and I assure you that this trip will be a great fun.
Should you have any question and suggestion, please let me know.
I am looking forward to your arrival.
Yours sincerely,
Romeo
這篇文章在01年和04年都考過類似的題材(介紹家鄉(xiāng))，所以雖然對于滿心期待考圖畫作文的親可能有些措手不及，但是難度畢竟不大，應(yīng)該不會有太多問題。
你可以把它當成信來寫，也可以把它當做一片介紹性的文章來寫(把信的格式去掉即可)。
由于每個人的家鄉(xiāng)、校園和想帶去的地方不一樣，所以范文是沒有太多參考價值的。只要注意：1.明確提出了你要帶他去的地方;2.說出關(guān)于這個地方的兩三個值得去的點或者你曾有過的經(jīng)歷。
這里就給出你的家鄉(xiāng)，校園和中國道理一樣。
翻譯
翻譯一：
為了促進教育公平，中國已經(jīng)投入360億元，用于改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)教育設(shè)施和加強中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育。這些資金用于改善教學(xué)設(shè)施、購買書籍，使16萬多所中小學(xué)收益。資金還用于購置音樂和繪畫器材?，F(xiàn)在農(nóng)村和山區(qū)的兒童可以與沿海城市的兒童一樣上音樂和繪畫課。一些為接受更好教育而轉(zhuǎn)往城市上學(xué)的學(xué)生如今又回到了本地農(nóng)村學(xué)校就讀。
In order to promote the equality of education, China has invested 36 billion yuan for the improvement of the educational facilities in rural areas and the enhancement of the rural compulsory education in the midwest. The fund is used to modify teaching facilities and to purchase books, benefiting more than 160 thousand primary schools and middle schools. Meanwhile, the fund is used to supplement musical instruments and painting supplies. Nowadays, like the children in coastal cities, those living in rural and mountain areas also have music and painting lessons. As a result, some students, once transferring to other cities for better education, come back to local schools now.
第一句話：目的狀語+完成時;第二句，被動語態(tài)+分詞做結(jié)果;第三句：單詞;第四句：like的句型，放句首更容易對;四五句之間，注意銜接和邏輯。
詳解：
這篇翻譯主題突破了以往的中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，習(xí)俗等，考了目前比較熱門的教育平等問題。文章難度適中，但是出現(xiàn)了較多重復(fù)的漢語，需要同義詞的替換，對詞匯提出了更高要求。
第一句話，主干為中國已經(jīng)投入360億元，需要注意時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時。
其他部分都是目的狀語, 可以用不定式或短語in order to 或者用介詞for來表達。用詞方面，“加強”，“改善”，等在2013年12月四級真題以及樣題中都已經(jīng)考過，所以想到improve和enhance并不困難。
第二句話由兩個簡單句構(gòu)成，且兩句主語一致，所以后半句可以考慮用非謂語，詞匯方面，benefit可直接用作及物動詞。
第三句話和第二句很相似，無難度。
第四句話，考察”像。。。一樣”，like的用法。
第五句話，注意非謂語作定語的使用(transferring to)。
翻譯二：
中國應(yīng)該進一步發(fā)展核能，因為核電目前只占其總發(fā)電數(shù)的2%。該比例在所有核電國家中居第30位，幾乎是低的。
2011年3月日本人核電站事故后，中國的核能開發(fā)停了下來，中止審批新的核電站，并開展全國性的核電安全檢查。到2012年10月，審批才又謹慎的恢復(fù)。 隨著技術(shù)和安全措施的改進，發(fā)生核事故的可能性完全可以降到低程度。換句話說，核能是可以安全開發(fā)和利用的。
China should further develop nuclear energy because currently，nuclear power accounts for only 2% of its total generating capacity . Such proportion ranks the thirtieth in all the countries possessing nuclear power, which is almost the last.
After Japan’s nuclear power accident in March 2011, nuclear power development in China was suspended, so was the approval of new nuclear power plants. Also, the national safety check for the nuclear power was carried out. IT was not until October 2012 that the approval was prudently resumed.
With the improvement of technology and safety measures, there is little possibility for nuclear accidents to happen. In other words, there won’t be any trouble to develop and exploit the nuclear power.
這篇略難，恭喜人品。第一二句，注意邏輯;第三句，注意“排”這個字要用主動;
第二段主要注意時態(tài)：過去時。
后一段，伴隨狀語和句子間的邏輯。
詳解：
第一句，考察詞匯 進一步，占據(jù)，以及句子邏輯關(guān)系的判斷。
第二句注意使用非限制性定語從句。
第三句話是全文長的一句話，注意幾個簡單句的合并(so was B以及用邏輯詞);考察詞匯 停止，開展。
第四句，考察“直到。。。才”(not until)句型。
第五句，簡單句，無難度，考察with表伴隨。
后一句，簡單句，考察短語換句話說, 以及詞匯開發(fā)利用。
翻譯三：
中國的教育工作者早就認識到讀書對于國家的意義。有些教育工作者2003年就建議設(shè)立全民讀書日。他們強調(diào)，人們應(yīng)當讀好書，尤其是經(jīng)典著作。通過閱讀，人們能更好的學(xué)會感恩、有責(zé)任心和與人合作，而教育的目的正是要培養(yǎng)這些基本素質(zhì)。閱讀對于中小學(xué)生尤為重要，假如他們沒有在這個關(guān)鍵時期培養(yǎng)閱讀的興趣，以后要培養(yǎng)成閱讀的習(xí)慣就跟難了。
Chinese education workers realized the significance of reading for a nation long time ago. In 2003，some workers suggested that we have a national reading day. They emphasized that people ought to read good books especially the classic ones. Through reading, people can learn better how to be grateful, responsible and cooperative, and the goal of education is to cultivate these basic personalities. Reading is especially important for middle and primary school students;Therefore, if they don't nurture the interest of reading at that key period, it will be harder for them to develop a habit to read in the future.
解析：第一句話，注意時態(tài)(早就，應(yīng)該是過去式);第二句話，注意suggest后的虛擬語氣，should do，should經(jīng)常被省略;第三句話，詞匯(重視)、應(yīng)該的多元性寫法(不要只用should)、經(jīng)典(classic而不是classical);第四句話，注意介詞和兩句話之間的邏輯性;第五句話無難度，要注意和第六句話之間的銜接;后一句話，條件句的主將從現(xiàn)。
A. 短對話
1. 參考原文：
W: I can’t seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard.
M: Oh… Why don’t you use the ladder? You might strain your shoulder.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
點評：本題考點：計劃或者建議。考點在第二個男士的提議。答案選B：Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. strain v.表示拉伸，扭傷 strain your shoulder 拉傷肩膀。
2. 參考原文：
W: Since it’s raining so hard, let’s go and see the new exhibits.
M: That’s a good idea. Mary Johnson is one of my favorite painters.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
點評：本題考點：對話場景題。通過女士提到的“new exhibits”和男士提到的“favorite painters”可推出答案為D：Outside an art gallery.
3. 參考原文：
M: I hear the students gave the new teacher an unfair evaluation.
W: It depends on which student you are talking about.
Q: What does the woman imply?
點評：本題考查語義推斷?？键c在第二個女士的回應(yīng)，面對男士的說法，她并沒有表示認同，而是婉轉(zhuǎn)表達了質(zhì)疑。對應(yīng)選項B. She does not quite agree with what the man said. “unfair evaluation”意思是“不公平的評價”。
4. 參考原文：
W: It must have taken you a long time to fix up all these book shelves.
M: It wasn’t too bad. I got Doris to do some of them.
Q: What does the man mean?
點評：本題考查事實細節(jié)?？键c在第二個男士的話。對應(yīng)選項C. Doris fixed up some of the book shelves.原文中男士說的 “do some of them”指的就是修理書架。
5. 參考原文：
W: Rod, I hear you’ll be leaving at the end of this month. Is it true?
M: Yeah. I’ve been offered a much better position with another firm. I’d be a fool to turn it down.
Q: Why is the man quitting his job?
點評：本題考查因果關(guān)系?？键c在第二個男士所解釋的原因。對應(yīng)D. He has found a better position. “position”即“職位”， “firm”即“公司”。 “quit”即“放棄，辭職”的意思。
6. 參考原文：
W: I honestly don’t want to continue the gardening tomorrow, Tony?
M: Neither do I. But I think we should get it over within this weekend.
Q: What does the man mean?
點評：本題考查轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系?？键c在第二個男士語義轉(zhuǎn)折之后的內(nèi)容。對應(yīng)選項A. They should finish the work as soon as possible. 選項 “finish”同義替換原文中的 “get it over”，而 “as soon as possible”則改寫了 “within this weekend”.
7. 參考原文：
W: You’ve already furnished your apartment?
M: I found some used furniture that was dirt cheap.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
點評：本題考查事實細節(jié)?？键c在第二個男士所說的話，習(xí)慣用語 “dirt cheap”就是“很便宜，白菜價”的意思。對應(yīng)答案D. The furniture the man bought is inexpensive. 其中 “inexpensive”同義改寫了“dirt cheap”。
8. 參考原文：
W: Has the mechanic called the bus repairers?
M: Not yet .I’ll let you know when he calls.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
點評：本題考查語義推斷?？键c要結(jié)合女士的提問和男士的回答。對應(yīng)B. The woman is waiting for a call. “mechanic”指“機械工”，“bus repairers”指“公車修理師”。
B.長對話和短文
Conversation one:
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. Why couldn’t the woman’s roommate attend the Shakespearean English class that afternoon?
10. What favor is the woman going to do for her roommate?
11. What does the woman want to know at the end of the conversation?
答案：
9. 點評：前2句都是禮節(jié)性問答，第3句開始出現(xiàn)新人物 “Janet Holmes”, 即考點預(yù)警信號。關(guān)鍵信息就是女士接下來的回答：“It’s just that she submitted a job application yesterday and the company asked her in for an interview today”.對應(yīng)A選項：She had a job interview to attend.
10. 點評：前文剛剛提到“Janet Holmes”所遇到的問題(因面試不能上課交作業(yè))，接著就提到了解決這一問題的方法，關(guān)鍵聽取原文中“I’m calling to see whether it would be OK if I gave you her essay.”對應(yīng)選項C：Submit her roommate’s assignment.
11. 點評：從四個選項都以特殊疑問詞開頭的特征可以預(yù)判，本題考點是某人的疑問。關(guān)鍵信息是女士在后所提到的問題：“And Dr. Ellis, one more thing, could you tell me where your office is?”對應(yīng)選項A. Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located.
【綜合點評】：本題完全符合長對話 “問答結(jié)構(gòu)”的慣有出題套路，分別針對problem和solution進行提問，而且并沒有出現(xiàn)逆序出題現(xiàn)象為難考生，整體難度一般。
Conversation 2:
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. What does the man say about his job?
13. Which train does the man take to work every day?
14. How does the man feel about commuting to work every day now?
15. How does the man spend his time on the morning train?
答案：
12.點評：第一題完全符合“前3句出考點”的套路，考點信息出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號詞 “But”之后：“But it’s bearable now that I’ m used to it”。 bearable 表示可以忍受的，be used to 表示為習(xí)慣做某事。對應(yīng)選項C：He can handle it quite well.
13. 點評：本題考查時間細節(jié)，所聽即所選。關(guān)鍵信息是“It was terrible at first, especially getting up before dawn to catch that 6:30 train” 對應(yīng)選項B：The 6:30 train.
14. 點評：本題考點再次出現(xiàn)在明顯信號詞But之后：“But now I quite enjoy it.”對應(yīng)選項C：The time on the train is enjoyable
15. 點評：長對話后一題往往對應(yīng)整個對話的結(jié)尾部分。女士后問男士在車上如何消磨時光，男士的回答則是考點信息：“In the morning, I just sit in comfort and read the papers to catch up with the news.”對應(yīng)選項A：Reading newspapers.
【綜合點評】：本題完全符合順序出題原則，有2道題的答案更是直接出現(xiàn)在信號詞But之后，答案直來直往基本不需要進行推斷，出題思路中規(guī)中矩，整體難度一般。
Passage One
16. What should American college students do to cope with their heavy reading assignments?
17. What suggestion does the speaker give about marking a textbook?
18. How should students prepare for an exam according to the speaker?
答案：
16. 點評：根據(jù)短文理解“前3句出考點”原則，如果本文前1、2句的因果關(guān)系沒有成為考點，考點則順延到第3句和第4句，關(guān)鍵信息為“They need to extract as much information as possible from the first or second reading.”extract表示提取、選取， 對應(yīng)選項D：Get key information by reading just once or twice.
17. 點評：從第二段開始，marking skill被反復(fù)提到，無疑是重要考點。就做標記的技巧，作者一共提了3個建議，其中 “Third, decide on your own system for marking”幾乎完整地被選項A照搬下來：Choose one's own system of marking.根據(jù)所聽基本即所選原則，答案就是A。
18. 點評：后一題考察了轉(zhuǎn)折結(jié)構(gòu)，考點信息出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號詞 ‘Instead”之后：“Instead, you just need to review your marks and you can save a lot of time.”對應(yīng)選項B：By reviewing only the marked parts.
Passage Two
19. What is taken for granted by most people?
20. What do doctors think of Al Herpin's case?
21. What could have accounted for Al Herpin's sleeplessness?
答案：
19. 點評：答案出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號詞 “But”之后，即：“But everyone needs some rest to stay alive.”對應(yīng)選項D：Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
20. 點評：答案出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號詞 “But”之后，即：“But a man named Al Herpin turned out to be a rare exception”對應(yīng)選項C：It is a rare exception. rare表示稀有的，少見的。
21. 點評：根據(jù)順序出題原則，本題對應(yīng)文章結(jié)尾部分。文章后提到醫(yī)生對Al Herpin不用睡覺感到困惑，緊接著就解釋了原因。 “clue”(表示線索)是本題的考點信號詞，隨后就是考點信息:“He remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he had been born.” 對應(yīng)選項B：His mother's injury just before his birth.
22. What do we learn about Hetty Green as a child?
23. How did Hetty Green become rich overnight?
24. Why was Hetty Green much hated?
25. What do we learn about Hetty's daughter?
答案：
22. 點評：本題略有難度。考點即沒有出現(xiàn)在前3句話，也沒有出現(xiàn)在明顯的信號詞之后，但是只要提前劃記好了本題關(guān)鍵詞，根據(jù)“所聽基本即所選”原則還是可以找到答案C：She developed a strong interest in finance. 該選項對應(yīng)原文信息 “At the age of six she started reading the daily financial newspapers and opened her own bank account.”
23. 點評：本題略有難度。考點緊跟在上一題考點句之后，即 “Her father died when she was 21 and she inherited 7.5 million dollars.”對應(yīng)選項D. She inherited a big fortune from her father.
24. 點評：本題難度較大。錯誤選項中的細節(jié)有較強干擾性，但如果考生對后一段的整體結(jié)構(gòu)有所把握，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)在第一句提到了Hetty的 “meanness”(吝嗇，小氣) 之后，后文 “always argued about prices” “buy broken biscuits” “refused to pay for a doctor”這些細節(jié)都屬于次要信息，是對“meanness”的例證。對應(yīng)選項A. She was extremely mean with her money.
25. 點評：本題考點就是本文后一句話 “her daughter built a hospital with her money”對應(yīng)選項B. She built a hospital with her mother's money.
【短文理解綜合點評】：前2篇文章難度較小，考點規(guī)律性強;第3篇文章難度驟升，具有較強區(qū)分度，考生的實際聽力能力高下立現(xiàn)。
選詞填空
題目一：
本文選自2006年5月16日的經(jīng)濟學(xué)人
http://www.economist.com/node/5636369
參考原文
A nation of non-readers: A strange and costly disregard for books
MANY Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate. Many simply do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The averageBrazilian reads 1.8 non-academic books a year—less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries, spending 5.2 hours a week with a book. Argentines, their neighbours, ranked 18th.
In rare accord, government, businesses and NGOs are all striving in different ways to change this. On March 13th the government launched a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things. The Brazil Reader Institute, an NGO, brings books to people: it has installed lending libraries in two São Paulo metro stations, and is planning one in a Carnival samba school. It is starting to be common to see characters in television soap operas shown reading. Cynics note that Globo, the biggest broadcaster, is also a big publisher of books, newspapers and magazines.
One discouragement to reading is that books are expensive. At São Paulo's book fair this week, “O Código Da Vinci” was on sale for 32 reais—more than a tenth of the official minimum monthly wage. Most other books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.
But Brazilians' indifference to books has deeper roots. Centuries of slavery meant the country's leaders long neglected education. Primary schooling became universal only in the 1990s. Radio was ubiquitous by the 1930s; libraries and bookshops have still not caught up. “The electronic experience came before the written experience,” says Marino Lobello, of the Brazilian Chamber of Books, an industry body.
All this means that Brazil's book market has the biggest growth potential in the western world, reckons Mr Lobello. That notion has attracted foreign publishers, such as Spain's Prisa-Santillana, which bought a local house last year. American evangelical publishers are eyeing the market for religious books, which outsell fiction in Brazil.
But reading is a difficult habit to form. Brazilians bought fewer books in 2004—289m, including textbooks distributed by the government—than they did in 1991. Last year the director of Brazil's national library quit after a controversial tenure. He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites had eaten much of the collection. Along with crime and high interest rates, that ought to be a cause for national shame.
答案及解析
36. N. simply
本空所在句不缺其它成分，該空應(yīng)為副詞。備選副詞J) particularly(專門地、特別地)與N) simply(簡單地、僅僅)中，simply符合句意“許多人僅僅是不想學(xué)著識字?！?BR> 37. A. average
本空修飾名詞Brazilian，需要形容詞。備選形容詞A) average(平均的、普通的)E) expensive(昂貴的)K) potential(潛在的)中，average符合句意“普通的巴西人每年讀1.8本非學(xué)術(shù)書目”。且reads 1.8 non-academic books a year也在提示這里是在描述平均值。
38. M. ranked
本空是該句謂語，缺動詞。且與前句并列，而前句用的過去式，因此本空需動詞過去式。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、F) launched(發(fā)射、發(fā)動)、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽視)、L) quit(退出、辭職)、M) ranked(排名)和O) treasured(珍惜)。能與空后的18th構(gòu)成合理搭配的只有ranked，表示“排在第18位”。另外前句描述的也是巴西的排名。
39. F. launched
本空是該句謂語，缺動詞。由于描述的是過去的日子，需要過去式。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、F) launched(發(fā)射、發(fā)動)、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽視)、L) quit(退出、辭職)和O) treasured(珍惜)。本空后的專有概念National Plan for Books and Reading明顯是個活動或計劃之類，能與之構(gòu)成合理搭配的只有l(wèi)aunched，表示“發(fā)起了此計劃”。
40. E. expensive
本空做表語，主語是books，形容詞、動詞分詞可能性較大。注意到后句提到push up their price，因此這里描述的應(yīng)該是書的價格，expensive符合話題。
41. H. neglected
本空是所在從句的謂語，且描述的是過去、主句也為過去式，因此這里需要過去式。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽視)和L) quit(退出、辭職)O) treasured(珍惜)。注意前句引出的話題是巴西對書籍的漠視，本句提到的也是巴西長期奴隸制的影響，因此本空應(yīng)選擇neglected，表示巴西“長期忽視教育”。distributed意思不合理，treasured則與這里想表示的意思相反。
42. K. potential
本空一種可能是副詞，但備選副詞只剩particularly，而其意思在這里并不合適，這里也沒有構(gòu)成其所表示的遞進關(guān)系的條件。因此只能考慮本空另一種可能：名詞。備選的有B) collection(收集)、D) exhibition(展覽)和K) potential(潛力)。potential是意思合理的，表示巴西的圖市場“有著大的增長潛力”。
43. C. distributed
本空位于名詞后，應(yīng)為后置定語，需要動詞分詞;by提示了這里需要過去分詞。備選的有C) distributed(分發(fā)、散布)、G) named(取名、提名)和L) quit(退出、辭職)O) treasured(珍惜)。這里意思合理的只有distributed，表示“被政府分發(fā)的書籍”。
44. L. quit
本空是該句謂語，其描述的是過去，需要過去式，備選的有G) named(取名、提名)、L) quit(退出、辭職)、和O) treasured(珍惜)。同時該空后無賓語，因此必須是不及物動詞，符合此要求的只有quit，表示國家圖書館負責(zé)人辭職。
45. B. collection
空前的定冠詞提示本空需要名詞，備選的有B) collection(收集)和D) exhibition(展覽)。這里意思較合理的是collection，它可以表示圖書館的館藏書籍。意思是“白蟻吃掉了大部分館藏書籍”。
題目二：
本文節(jié)選自Sharon L. Spray, Karen Leah McGlothlin所著Global Climate Change一書。
參考原文
Global warming is what we are worried about, and it is exactly as it sound — a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice melted away. However, we have already reached temperatures that re in line with other interglacial (minimum ice) periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are contributing to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures ranging between 1° and 6 ℃ (2° and 10 ℉) over the next 100 years. The warming will be more dramatic in some areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the impact of this warming will be very different depending on where you are — coastal areas must worry about rising sea level, while Siberia and northern Canada my become more habitable and appealingfor humans than these areas are now.
The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on average, everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that this process has already begun and that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing at the end of the twentieth century are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC] 1995). Some scientists maintain that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random variation — some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm yearsrecently — but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.
答案解析
36. I) melted
本空是謂語，需要動詞，且空前并列成分謂語用的是過去式ended，因此需要過去式。備選的有melted(融化)和resolved(決心)，能與空前ice構(gòu)成合理意思、且與空后away構(gòu)成搭配的只有melted，表示“冰川融化”。
37. G) line
本空空前是介詞，因此需要名詞性成分，且要考慮與空后的with構(gòu)成搭配。符合要求的只有l(wèi)ine(in line with，與……一致)。意思是我們已經(jīng)接近“與其他小冰川期時一致的溫度”。
38. C) contributing
前句用完成時表示已經(jīng)達到的狀態(tài)，本句we are描述的則是正在發(fā)生的過程，需要動詞的ing形式，且要考慮與空后的介詞to構(gòu)成搭配。備選的有appealing to(呼吁、上訴)、contributing to(促成、導(dǎo)致)，ranging后不直接與介詞to構(gòu)成搭配。意思合理的只有contributing，為“我們正促成世界范圍內(nèi)氣溫的升高”。
39. K) ranging
本空引領(lǐng)的是temperature的后置定語，需要動詞分詞。備選的有appealing(呼吁、上訴)、ranging(范圍在……)和resolved(決心)。空后的between 1℃ and 6 ℃明顯是范圍區(qū)間，因此ranging合乎語義。range between/from A and B為常用搭配。
40. D) dramatic
本空作為表語，且空前有more，提示了本空需要形容詞。備選的有appealing(有吸引力的)、dramatic(戲劇性的、突發(fā)的)和sensible(明智的)。這里描述的是氣候變化的效果，因此dramatic意思更合適，意為“某些地方的氣候變化會更加戲劇化”。后半句提到的有些地方可能cool off(變冷)也是暗示氣候變化的突發(fā)及劇烈。
41. F) impact
空前的the暗示本空需要名詞。備選的有average(平均)、impact(影響)和shock(震驚)。impact和shock都能用于與warming構(gòu)成搭配，但后面提到的different depending on where you are提示了本空應(yīng)當是一個較為寬泛的概念，故impact更合適，意為“氣候變暖的影響因所在地不同而不同”。
42. A) appealing
空前的and提示了本空與and前的habitable(宜居的)同詞性且義相近。因此本空需要形容詞，備選的有appealing(有吸引力的)和sensible(明智的)。意思上與habitable更能并列、描述本句所說的Siberia and northern Canada的影視appealing，表示“西伯利亞和加拿大北部可能會變得更宜居、更吸引人”。
43. B) average
空前介詞on提示了本空需要名詞性成分與之構(gòu)成搭配。備選的有average(平均)和shock(震驚)。這里意思更合理的是average，且on average是固定搭配“平均地”。
44. H) maintain
本空需要謂語，且前句所用為一般現(xiàn)在時，考慮到本句主語為復(fù)數(shù)scientists，因此本空需要動詞原形。備選的有maintain(維持、堅稱)、persist(堅持)和shock(震驚)。但persist為不及物動詞，而本空后有賓語從句;shock意思不合適是且一般后面接人。因此只能選maintain。意為“有些科學(xué)家堅稱……”。
45. L) recently
本空所在句不缺其它成分，本空需要副詞。備選的又frequently(頻繁地)和recently(近)?？涨疤岬娇茖W(xué)家認為氣候變化無規(guī)律，有些年冷、有些年熱(some years are cold, others warm)。本空所在的we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years應(yīng)當是順著科學(xué)家的觀點而來，解釋我們現(xiàn)在所處的正好是偏熱的年份期。因此本空用recently強調(diào)當下更佳。若選frequently表示“我們頻繁處在偏熱的年份”，則與科學(xué)家所持的氣溫冷熱無規(guī)律交替的觀點不相符合。
題目三：
本文選自2005年9月及10月TIME雜志上Chevron(雪佛龍，美國第二大能源公司)公司的廣告。
The fact is, the world has been finding less oil than it’s been using for 20 years now. Not only has demand been soaring, but the oil we’ve been finding is coming from places that are tough to reach. At the same time, more of this newly discovered oil is of the type that requires a greater investment to refine. And because demand for this precious resource will grow, according to some, by over 40% by 2025, fuelling the world’s growing economic prosperity will take a lot more energy from every possible source.
The energy industry needs to get more from existing fields while continuing to search for newreserves. Automakers must continue to improve fuel efficiency and perfect hybrid vehicles. Technological improvements are needed so that wind, solar and hydrogen can be more viableparts of the energy equation. Governments need to create energy policies that promoteeconomically and environmentally sound development. Consumers must demand, and be willing to pay for, some of these solutions, while practising conservation efforts of their own.
Inaction is not an option. But if everyone works together, we can balance this equation. We’re taking some of the steps needed to get started, but we need your help to get the rest of the way.
答案解析
36. N) soaring
本空所在句式在用進行時表示目前石油需求的變化，該空需要動詞ing形式。備選的有declining(下降)和soaring(猛增)。注意前句提到世界上找到的石油越來越少，可推知本文探討的應(yīng)該是石油供應(yīng)不足的現(xiàn)象，那么石油的需求應(yīng)當是上升的。因此選soaring。
37. E) difficult
本空是表語，且是在描述石油的來源地的特征，應(yīng)當需要形容詞?？紤]到前句已經(jīng)提到石油供應(yīng)不足，那么這里應(yīng)當描述的也是消極的現(xiàn)狀，即石油來源地也很難接近，difficult無論詞性還是意思上都很滿足。
38. F) discovered
本空是形容詞在形容石油，空前的newly提示了這里所描述的石油應(yīng)當是和前文提到的已經(jīng)找到(find)的石油相對比。因此這里提到的應(yīng)當是新找到的石油，discovered分詞作為形容詞使用，意思上也很合理。
39. L) refine
本空位于不定式中，因此需要動詞原形。備選的有cultivate(培養(yǎng))和refine(提煉)。注意到本不定式是在描述新開發(fā)的石油所需要進行的工序，能構(gòu)成合理意思的只有refine。refine the oil意為“煉油”。
40. J) growth
本空被形容詞economic修飾，需要名詞。備選的有exception(例外)、growth(增長)、option(選擇)reserves(儲備)和steps(步驟)。能與economic構(gòu)成合理搭配的只有g(shù)rowth，這里表示“世界經(jīng)濟的增長”。
41. M) reserves
本空被形容詞new修飾，且在介詞for后，需要名詞。備選的有exception(例外)、option(選擇)reserves(儲備)和steps(步驟)。注意本句提到的是能源行業(yè)需要持續(xù)搜索的東西，能構(gòu)成合理意思的只有reserves，意為需要只需尋找“新的能源儲備”。
42. I) feasible
本空修飾名詞parts，且空前有more，因此需要形容詞。備選的還有declining(下降的)和feasible(可行的)。本句描述的是風(fēng)能、太陽能、氫能等，根據(jù)文章話題，明顯是希望這些新能源發(fā)揮更大作用，因此這里不可能選declining。feasible在這里構(gòu)成的意思是“能源方程中更合理的部分”，即更合理的解決方案。
43. G) economically
本空與空后的environmentally用and構(gòu)成了并列，可知需要副詞。備選的有consequently(因此)與economically(經(jīng)濟上)。其中能與environmentally(環(huán)境上)含義上構(gòu)成并列的只有economically。
44. K) option
空前的an提示本空需要名詞，且必須是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。備選的有exception(例外)和option(選擇)。句首的inaction意為“不作為”，因此能構(gòu)成合理意思的只有option。本句意思是“無所作為不是一個選擇”，即我們決不能不采取行動。
45. O) steps
空前的the提示本空需要名詞，且some提示本空需要名詞復(fù)數(shù)。符合條件的只有steps(步驟)。take steps意為“采取措施“。
長篇閱讀
第一篇：The End of the Book?
本文選自2011年5月21日The American Magazine
文章參看：http://www.american.com/archive/2011/may/the-end-of-the-book
答案及解析：
46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.
答案：D
解析：對應(yīng)D段末句。printed versions(紙質(zhì)版本)對應(yīng)hard copy(印刷版本)，be considered important ones(被認為重要)對應(yīng)become the mark…to reckon(認為是標志)。
47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.
答案：N
解析：對應(yīng)N段第三句提到的tactile pleasure in books(書本的觸覺上的愉悅)。
48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.
答案：J
解析：對應(yīng)J段后兩句。changed greatly(巨大改變)對應(yīng)a very different business(相當不同的行業(yè))，attracts more listeners(吸引更多聽眾)對應(yīng)enlarged their audience(擴大受眾面)。
49. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.
答案：H
解析：對應(yīng)H段第二句。many people’s prediction對應(yīng)widely predicted。
50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.
答案：A
解析：這是對A段所描述的電子書在近幾年內(nèi)大幅增長的現(xiàn)象的概括。
51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.
答案：L
解析：對應(yīng)L段第三句。continues to exist(繼續(xù)存在)對應(yīng)remain(保持)，reliability(可靠)對應(yīng)backup(支持、后盾)。
52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.
答案：B
解析：對應(yīng)B段第三句。make changes(做出改變)對應(yīng)go through a transformation(經(jīng)歷轉(zhuǎn)變)，not seen for centuries是對該句后部分時間表達的概括。
53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.
答案：F
解析：對應(yīng)F段第一句。a clear advantage(明顯優(yōu)勢)歲對better, cheaper or both的概括。take the place of(代替)對應(yīng)replace(代替)。
54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.
答案：C
解析：完全對應(yīng)C段第二句。
55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.
答案：M
解析：對應(yīng)M段第三句。has a stronger appeal to buyers(對購買者有很強吸引力)對應(yīng)a powerful selling point(強勁賣點)。
第二篇：The Touch-Screen Generation
本文選自2013年4月的The Atlantic
文章參看：http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2013/04/the-touch-screen-generation/309250/2/
答案及解析：
46.The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronic age.
答案：D
解析：對應(yīng)D段第一句： come to the developers’ conference 對應(yīng) attended the conference(出席會議)， that they might offer some guiding principle for American parents 對應(yīng)hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting(提供指導(dǎo)原則)。
47.American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children.
答案：G
解析：G段第一句American parents完全重現(xiàn)， more, not less, wary(謹慎的)對應(yīng)more doubtful。
48.Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.
答案：A
解析：對應(yīng)A段后一句：.Some experts 對應(yīng) developers(開發(fā)者), human intelligence develops by the use of hands 對應(yīng) The hands are the instruments of man’s intelligence.(人類才智由雙手的使用而發(fā)展)
49.The author found a former Montessori teacher strict control over her kids’ screen time.
答案：E
解析：E段第一句和后一句綜合得來。 a former Montessori teacher 完全是原文重現(xiàn)，I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop.對應(yīng)strict control over her kids’ screen time.(嚴格控制玩電子設(shè)備的時間)。
50.Research shows interaction with people is key to babies’ brain development.
答案：C
解析：C段第二句 research on brain development 完全重現(xiàn)， critical need 對應(yīng)key(關(guān)鍵)，direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers對應(yīng)interaction with people(人際互動)。
51.So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.
答案：H
解析：H段倒數(shù)第二句中，To date對應(yīng)So far(如今)，no body of research has definitively proved that 對應(yīng)no scientific proof(無科學(xué)依據(jù))。
52.American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids’interpersonal relationships/
答案：G
解析：G段的后兩句中：Parents與 tablets完全重現(xiàn)， can’t make eye contact and has an avatar for a girlfriend(不敢直視他人或只能在家幻想女盆友——好邪惡) 對應(yīng) create problems with their kids’interpersonal relationships(人際交往發(fā)生了問題)。
53.The author expected developers of children’s apps to specify the benefits of the new technology.
答案：D
解析：D段的倒數(shù)第二句， articulate(清晰表達) some benefits of the new technology對應(yīng)specify(詳述)the benefits of the new technology.
54.The kids at the gathering wre more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.
答案：A
解析：A段第三句出現(xiàn)helicopter， 第四句的轉(zhuǎn)折 But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of candy.對應(yīng)more fascinated by the iPads(但部分人看著iPad就像看糖果般目不轉(zhuǎn)睛)。
55.The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.
答案：F
解析：F段第四句， permissive對應(yīng)permits(允許)， half an hour a day完全重現(xiàn)， my rule at home對應(yīng)The author。
仔細閱讀
第一篇：STEM
原文出自《TIME》
http://ideas.time.com/2013/06/19/our-economy-can-still-support-liberal-arts-majors/
答案及解析
56.B
本題屬于觀點型細節(jié)題，問近的國會報告提出了什么建議。根據(jù)題干定位詞latest congressional report 定位到文章第二段第一句。Acknowledge意為“承認”，引出觀點。前半句非常簡單，“近的國會報告承認了技術(shù)訓(xùn)練的關(guān)鍵性”，后半句以but進行語義轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“但是他們也認為關(guān)于人文學(xué)科和社會科學(xué)的研究都必須在任何等級的美國教育系統(tǒng)中作為核心部分”。之后的both areas are critical to…都是在描述這兩門學(xué)科對塑造人才的積極影響，可以略讀。
再來看四個選項。
A. STEM在第一段有解釋，分別由science, technology, engineering和maths的首字母組成，意為“科學(xué)”，“技術(shù)”，“工程學(xué)”和“數(shù)學(xué)”。所以A選項的意思是“與STEM相關(guān)的學(xué)科可以幫助學(xué)生在信息社會找到工作”。文章對于STEM的影響的描述只出現(xiàn)在第二段的后一句話，但沒有提及能幫助找工作，屬于無中生有，排除。
B. 意思是“人文學(xué)科和STEM應(yīng)該被給與相同的重要性”。通過第二段第一句話but后面的內(nèi)容可以確定B為正選。選項的難點是STEM在文中是以social science進行同義替換的方式出現(xiàn)的。Should be given equal importance和原文的must remain central components of …對應(yīng)。
C. “高等教育的文科能幫助學(xué)生豐富精神世界”。C選項的干擾性同樣來自于第二段的后一句，但需要注意的是原文所說的spiritual enrichment是由reflection on the great ideas of mankind提供而非選項所指的liberal arts. 故C排除。
D. “高等教育應(yīng)該適用于社會的實際需求”。這個選項屬于無中生有，比較容易排除。
57.D
題目問學(xué)生選擇專業(yè)時主要關(guān)心什么。結(jié)合順序原則可以大致定位到第三段，本段前兩句話講述了家長和學(xué)生們在為高等教育做出巨大投資之后所以擔(dān)心的問題就是市場的變化可能會導(dǎo)致孩子們將來就業(yè)機會變少以及工資降低。并且根據(jù)這個大背景提出了一個公認的解決的辦法，也就是由題干中的major定位到的本段第三句，“Major in a subject designed to get you a job”seems the obvious answer to some,… 意思是“選擇一個為給你找到工作而設(shè)計的專業(yè)是大部分人認可大答案”。
A.“對相關(guān)專業(yè)的興趣。”
B.“課程的學(xué)術(shù)價值?！?BR> C.“接受的教育的質(zhì)量?！?BR> D.“找到工作的機會?！痹牡耐x改寫，鎖定D答案。
58.A
問作者如何評價所謂的“軟”學(xué)科。本題答案依然出自于第三段，57題定位句的后半句，即though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run.本句的disciplines與subjects都是“學(xué)科”的意思，所以這句話可以翻譯成“盡管他們忽略一個事實，那就是人文學(xué)科中那些被描述成“軟”學(xué)科的，通常能夠能夠促成將來的就業(yè)和成功”。
A.“他們會在將來的生活使學(xué)生受益。”benefit與原文的lead to employment and success對應(yīng)，in their future與原文的in the long run對應(yīng)。A為正選。
B.“他們能擴大學(xué)生的興趣。”
C.“他們能提高學(xué)生的交流能力。”
D.“他們對于學(xué)生的健康成長至關(guān)重要。”BCD均為無中生有，直接排除。
58.D
問老板想找什么類型的應(yīng)聘者。答案出自第三段后一句話，employers have expressed a preference for students who received a broadly-based education that has taught them how to write well, think carefully, research creatively, and communicate easily. 這句話非常直白地告訴我們老板所偏愛的員工是接受過broadly-based education的人，即“全方位教育”，所以與這句話有相同描述的選項即為正選。
A.“那些有強烈責(zé)任感的人。”
B.“那些能夠解決實際問題的人?！?BR> C.“那些有可能成為有創(chuàng)新力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的人?！?BR> D.“那些接受過全方位教育的人?！眞ell-rounded是broadly-based的同義改寫，所以D為正選。
60.C
A.“尋找機會開發(fā)自己的潛力?！?BR> B.“試著參加各種實際課程?！?BR> C.“為不同的工作選擇做好準備?！?BR> D.“采取靈活的方法來解決問題?！?BR> 問作者給大學(xué)生提了什么建議。全文只有四段話，前三段都已經(jīng)用于解決之前的四道題，所以后一題自然而然地定位到后一段。并且由第一句里的students should…就應(yīng)該知道作者提出了某個建議，所以答案應(yīng)該就出自這一句話。原文提到“學(xué)生們不僅應(yīng)該為他們的第一個工作做準備，還有為他們的第四甚至第五個工作做準備”，這句話完全對應(yīng)C選項所說的內(nèi)容。
第二篇：Energy Independence
本文原文出處：2012年12月7號 The Americans
http://american.com/archive/2012/december/depending-on-energy-not-energy-independent
61、A 此題并非主旨題，按順序原則及題干信息定位首段。 “If you think so, you’re not alone”表明作者持有同樣想法，答案往“so”前面找——“Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it, doesn’t it?” have a nice ring to sth.表示“聽起來不錯，令人向往”的意思，選項A的attractive是其同義改寫。即使不了解短語，根據(jù)nice可判斷正態(tài)度，答案選A。
62、D 由題干信息biofuels定位在第四段落。定位句本身出現(xiàn)but強調(diào)：“but most biofuels are a Faustian bargain, causing economic waste and environmental destruction. ”but后面的強調(diào)才是作者對于biofuels的真正想法——causing economic waste and environmental destruction。選項中AB選項均為正態(tài)度，與原文不符直接排除。原文中C選項為干擾選項，“可持續(xù)的能源供給”，文章未提及。
63 、C 按照閱讀出題的“順序原則”直接看到下一段(第五段)。首句“Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. ”美國人不愿意自己產(chǎn)油，是63題題干信息當中“…America rely on heavily on oil imports”的同義改寫。根據(jù)“金三句原則”定位到定位句的下一句“the American people…decided that they value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. ” 相比從國外進口石油，美國人更看重環(huán)境質(zhì)量，由此判斷，答案選C——“keep environment intact”。
64、B 根據(jù)定位詞oil trade以及順序原則定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段。首句“there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency…we benefit” , allow for 本意為考慮顧及到，這里可靈活的翻譯為have，表示“有”的意思，可得知選B選項——It improves economic efficiency.。
65、A 問作者寫作意圖，即問全文主旨。根據(jù)各段首句以及串聯(lián)五個題干信息可得知，文章主要討論“America”的“energy independence”，就可以直接排除BCD選項了。為做題保險，還要進一步確認。由文章末端的結(jié)尾“At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits…when we engage in energy trade around the world.” 可得知作者態(tài)度還是站在“oil imports”這一邊的，因為可以得到“massive economic benefits”，所以作者還是在為“oil imports”而申辯的。答案選A。
第三篇：Leadership Literature
原文出自《BUSINESS INSIDER》http://www.businessinsider.com/3-signs-youre-a-true-leader-2013-6?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed:+businessinsider+(Business+Insider)
61.B
What does the author think the leaders he knows?
A. Many of them are used to taking charge.(他們中的很多人習(xí)慣于掌控)
B. Few of them are equal to their positions.(他們中很少有人配得上自己的職位)
C. Many of them fail to fully develop their potential.(他們中的很多人沒有完全開發(fā)自己的潛力)
D. Few of them are familiar with leadership literature.(他們中很少有人熟悉領(lǐng)導(dǎo)手冊)
題目問作者是如何看待他所認識的的。通過順序原則和定位詞the leaders he knows可以找到文章第二段的第一句，I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who are sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities.注意這句話里的way并不是我們所熟知的名詞含義“方法”，而是一個程度副詞，類似于“相當?shù)亍?。這句話的大致意思就是“相比于那些真正高效的，我見到更多的是處在的位置卻卻總是被自己的無能給蒙蔽的人”。B選項即為這句話的同義改寫。
62.A
Why are some people eager to grab leadership positions?
A. They believe they have the natural gift to lead.(他們認為自己有天生的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能)
B. They believe in what leadership literature says.(他們相信領(lǐng)導(dǎo)手冊說的東西)
C. They have proved competent in many situations.(他們在很多情況下都被證明是無能的)
D. They derive great satisfaction from being leaders.(他們在做領(lǐng)導(dǎo)時感受到極度的不滿)
題目問為什么很多人總是熱衷于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位。這道題是因果細節(jié)題，常規(guī)的解決方法是通過題干路標詞定位，再在定位句附近尋找因果邏輯詞鎖定答案。通過grab leadership position定位到第四段第二句Whether it’s a decision-making session, a basketball game, a family outing, they can’t help grabbing the lead dog position and cling to it for dear life. 這句話意思不難理解，說的就是很多人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)欲很強不管是在什么場合之下。往后一句話直接道破了他們這樣做的原因。They believe they are natural born leaders. A選項同義改寫，為正選。
63.D
What characterizes a great leader according to the author?
A. Being able to take prompt action when chances present themselves.(當機會自己出現(xiàn)時能做出及時的反應(yīng))
B. Having a whole-hearted dedication to their divine responsibilities.(全身心地奉獻給他們神圣的責(zé)任)
C. Having a full understanding of their own merits and weaknesses.(對自己的優(yōu)點和缺點有深刻的理解)
D. Being able to assess the situation carefully before taking charge.(能在掌控之前仔細評估形勢)
題目問根據(jù)作者，什么能夠用來形容一個成功的。通過great leaders直接定位到文章第五段第四句。A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it.這句話很明顯就是作者對于成功的描述，所以答案不言而喻，一個成功的懂得審時度勢，再決定是否應(yīng)該掌控一切。所以D為正選。
64.B
How will many business executives respond when their command fails to generate action?
A. They reassess the situation at hand.(他們會重新估計當下的形勢)
B. They become impatient and rude.(他們變的不耐煩和粗魯)
C. They resort to any tool available.(他們會使用任何可用的工具)
D. They blame their team members.(他們會埋怨自己的團隊成員)
題目問當命令沒有落實到行動時，很多經(jīng)理是如何反應(yīng)的。通過many business executives 定位到第六段第一句話，Many business executives confuse leadership with action. 這句話并沒有直接體現(xiàn)答案，所以我們可以適當?shù)赝笞x。第三句話寫到Faced with any situation can’t be solved by the sheer force of activity, they generate a dust cloud of impatience.意思是“當遇到?jīng)]法全憑行動來解決的問題時，他們就會變得極度不耐煩”。這句話基本對應(yīng)了B選項的impatient，但是還不夠。再往后一句話，Their one leadership tool is volume: if they think you are not working as hard as they think you should, their demands become increasingly louder and harsher. “聲音是他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)工具之一，如果他們認為你沒有像他們期望的那么努力工作，他們的命令就會變得越來越大聲和刺耳”。這一句話對應(yīng)的是B里的rude。所以B為正選。
65.C
What is the author’s advice to leaders?
A. Concentrate on one specific task at a time.(同時只專注于一個特定的任務(wù))
B. Use different tools to achieve different goals.(用不同的工具來實現(xiàn)不同的目標)
C. Build up s strong team to achieve their goals.(建立一個強大的團隊來實現(xiàn)他們的目標)
D. Show determination when faced with tough tasks.(面臨艱巨的任務(wù)時體現(xiàn)出強烈的決心)
題目問作者對于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的建議是什么。做完前面四道題還有后兩段話沒有用于定位，所以完全可以把兩段話都快速讀一遍。本題的答案出自后一句話。A true leader is someone who develops his or her team so that they can and do hit their targets and achieve their goals. C選項就是整句話的同義改寫，為正選。ABD均為無中生有。
第四篇：Millennials
61.D
What does the author of the passage think of Millennials?
A. They show little interest in entertainment.(他們對于娛樂活動沒什么興趣)
B. They are not confident about their ability.(他們對自己的能力不自信)
C. They enjoy an easy life due to high technology.(因為高科技他們能享受輕松的生活)
D. They may not have bright prospects for success.(他們可能不會有成功的希望)
題目問作者如何看待“千禧一代”的。這篇文章比較特殊，幾乎每個題里都有Millennials這個詞，所以很難用它來進行準確地定位，我們只能依靠順序原則按照段落一段一段地去找答案。文章第一段話提到一個人叫作Joel Stein的人，他認為Millennials這一代人的還是有潛力的，但第二段的開頭作者說到I hesitate to share his optimism…說他對于分享這份樂觀有點猶豫，意味著他覺得他們這代人并不是optimistic的。D選項就是這句話的同義改寫。ABC屬于無中生有的干擾項。
62.B
How do Millennials feel about their life?
A. They can hardly do anything about it.(他們幾乎不能做任何事)
B. There is little in it to get excited about.(很少有能讓他們感覺興奮的事)
C. It is not as good as their parents’.(不如他們父母的生活好)
D. It is full of opportunities for success.(充滿了成功的機會)
這道題難度比較大，關(guān)鍵的還是像第一題說的，很難進行定位，所以我們依然只能按照順序原則往下看。第二段的后半句說…,yet we are more bored than ever before. 意思是“我們前所未有的無聊”，與B選項的…little in it to get excited about.完全對應(yīng)。再來看其他幾個選項，A，文章第五段首句說到But do Millennials respond to these economic troubles by doing whatever it takes to make ends meet? Hardly? 很多同學(xué)可能會腦一熱就選了這個答案，但問題是文章說的是“他們幾乎不會…”而選項則是“他們幾乎不能…”,這并不是一個概念。而且題目問的是他們的態(tài)度，A更像是描述一個現(xiàn)狀，所以A排除。再往后看，C選項出自于第四句話Millennials want to save the world, but they sit and wait for that world-changing opportunity to be handed to them. 意思是“這些人想要拯救世界但只是坐著等改變世界的機會自己降臨”。但D選項的full of并沒有在文中體現(xiàn)，所以也可以排除。C選項在后一句有提及，Millennials may the first generation to have a lower standard of living than their parents…但此處是作者的評價而非Millennials自己的態(tài)度。C也排除。因此正選為B
63.C
In what way are Millennials different from previous generations according to Pew Research?
A. They spend less time socializing.(他們花很少的時間社交)
B. They are indifferent to others.(他們對別人漠不關(guān)心)
C. They do not value hard work.(他們不重視努力工作)
D. They are more independent.(他們更加獨立)
題目問根據(jù)Pew Research, Millennials在哪些方面不同于他們的先輩。通過路標詞Pew Research直接定位到第五段的第二句，…the Millennial generation does not cite work ethic as distinctive of itself.意思就是這一輩人并不把努力工作當作非常重要的事。鎖定C選項。
64.D
What should Millennials do according to the author?
A. Remain optimistic in face of adversity.(在面臨逆境時仍然保持樂觀)
B. Start a business as early as possible.(盡早開始創(chuàng)業(yè))
C. Make full use of new opportunities.(充分利用新的機會)
D. Take action to change their situation.(采取行動來改變他們的現(xiàn)狀)
題目問根據(jù)作者的說法，Millennials應(yīng)該怎么做。這道題的答案出自第五段第五句，Instead of working 2-3 jobs, launching a business, or doing what is takes to succeed, they retreat. 意思是“并沒有兼兩三份工作，也沒有開始創(chuàng)業(yè)或者做能讓他們成功的事，他們只是撤退?！蓖ㄟ^instead of 這個短語我們也應(yīng)該知道作者的態(tài)度是他們就應(yīng)該多找?guī)追莨ぷ?，開始創(chuàng)作或者做些別的事情。AC選項無中生有們可以排除。B里的start a business文中有提及但并沒有說as early as possible,也排除。所以D為正選。
65.B
Why are Millennials over-confident about themselves?
A. They have been spoiled by their parents.(他們被父母寵壞了)
B. They can always get whatever they expect.(他們想要什么就能得到什么)
C. They are misguided by management books.(他們被管理手冊誤導(dǎo)了)
D. They think they are young and energetic.(他們認為自己年輕而且精力充沛)
題目問什么Millennials那么自負。這道題相對簡單，按照順序原則定位到全文后一句，Today’s young adults were raised by parents who made sure to boost their self-esteem at every turn, telling them they could achieve whatever they set their minds to, and handing out prizes for the sixth place. 句中self-esteem意為“自尊”，大致意思就是“父母會盡量保證自己能激勵孩子的自尊，告訴他們可以實現(xiàn)任何他們想做的事情?！盉選項是這句話的同義改寫。所以正選為B。
第五篇：Hospitals
本文原文出處：2011年12月15號 紐約時報
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/15/health/as-doctors-use-more-devices-potential-for-distraction-grows.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1&ref=todayspaper
56、A. To reduce medical error
根據(jù)四個有規(guī)律的選項信息可判斷這是不定式問目的的題目。先找到定位點，再在定位點附近找包含信息的不定式。根據(jù)題干信息，畫出定位詞“computers, smartphones and other devices”可以迅速定位到文章首段首句——“Hospitals, hoping to curb medical error, have invested heavily to put computers, smartphones and other devices into the hands of medical staff…”。其中“invested…into the hands of medical staff”就是題干“equip their staff with..”所同義改寫的部分。定位句中的插入語部分“hoping to curb medical error”即要找的不定式，對比原文和選項，“curb”是抑制的意思，選項中的“reduce”是對它的同義改寫，后選A——to reduce medical error。
57、C. The problem of devices preventing doctors from focusing on their patients.
例證題。按題干定位詞“distracted doctoring”定位在第三段。而distracted doctoring所描述的是第三段首句的“this phenomenon”，講的是第二段中所例證的phenomenon，所以答案往上一段找。第二段首句舉例說明了隨之而來的“side effect”——“doctors and nurses can be focused on the screen and not the patient”、“admitted texting during a procedure”，可見作者通過說“distracted doctoring”是想說明devices的“side effect”，即C選項。
58 、B. Doctors’ interaction with their devices may endanger patients’ lives.
根據(jù)題干信息“Dr. Peter Papadakos”定位在文章第四段和第五段，其中都包含了DPP這個人所說的話。第四段說到把devices帶到醫(yī)院“to do medical records”，同時也可以上網(wǎng)、看臉書，而且這些會更加的“tempting”;第五段說道自己的“fut feeling”即“worry”是“l(fā)ives are in danger”?？偨Y(jié)兩段的表述，devices對醫(yī)生的吸引以及病人生命危在旦夕，即可選出B選項。
59、C . Data is given too much importance in patient care.
因果題。根據(jù)題干信息問的是“why”——原因，因此要確定找到定位點附近的因果詞，判斷孰因孰果選出答案。根據(jù)題干“increasing pressure”定位在文章第七段后一行后一句，根據(jù)金三句原則——定位句本身以及前句和后句，找到第八段首句“The pressure stems from”——“這種壓力源自…”即答案在這個后面。根據(jù)這里所說的patient care must be data driven可選出答案為C。
60、B. They focus their attention on the patient's condition.
根據(jù)題干信息Peter Carmel以及順序原則定位到后一段，而對“doctors”的“advice”應(yīng)該在末段末句的后半部分“but he added that doctors’ first priority should be with the patient”，即對醫(yī)生的建議擺在首位的一定是“patient”，四個選項中跟patient相關(guān)的只有選項B，其他均未提及。
第六篇：Woman and Man
本文原文出處：2013年2月21日 華盛頓郵報
http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-leadership/why-our-brightest-female-graduates-are-still-at-a-disadvantage/2013/02/21/68cb192a-7c5a-11e2-82e8-61a46c2cde3d_story_1.html
56、C. they feel obliged to take care of their kids at home
文章第一段大致說明了“women earn less than men”的現(xiàn)象，而由題干中的“traditionally”定位到文章第二段?！癆ll the traditional reasons…women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids…”，由此可選出C選項，核心原因是kids。
57、B. It does not consider the economic impact on graduates.
由題干信息America’s higher education system定位在第三段落后一句“…h(huán)igher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students’ year on campus”。選項中跟economic consequences相關(guān)的選項只有B選項，“economic impact”是對原文“economic consequences”的同義改寫。
58 、A. It is different for male and female students.
由題干的“today”定位到第四段的“now”。第四段中“… one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place. It is not.”，繼而舉例論證campus中男女學(xué)生的不同待遇， “They enroll in different kinds of classes…”,因此答案選A。
59、D. They don't perform as well as they did in high school.
文中第四段有：studies show that while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off during their college years.重點在于動詞詞組，trail off 有漸漸減弱的意思，在這里明顯是指女生到了大學(xué)后表現(xiàn)開始不如高中，C選項don't perform as well as they did in high school即是表示的這個意思。即使不知道trail off 的意思也可以通過句首連詞while，來判斷出下一句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。從而知道是在大學(xué)表現(xiàn)變差。
60、A. Woman are too worn out to be ambitious.
題干問作者對于男人女人間“pay gap”的解釋，根據(jù)順序原則定位到文章末段，后一句“No wonder they are not negotiation for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school”的原因是“They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing”，由此對比選項，“Women are too worn out to be ambitious”是更為貼近原文主旨的選線，因此選A。
寫作
作文題：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is going to visit your hometown/your campus/China(多題多卷的三個不同), what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?
The most interesting place
Dear Pacival,
I am thrilled to know that you are going to visit my hometown and I can’t wait to see you again. I miss everything that happened when I was in your city, and your parents and you were so kind to me that I will try my best this time to make your stay an enjoyable and memorable one.
My home town，Changsha, is the capital of Hunan province and best known as the star city for its well developed entertainment industry and tourism. There are numerous places and attractions worth recommending, and Yuelu Mountain is the first one that I’d like to introduce to you. Firstly, at the foot of Yuelu Mountain is the prominent Yuelu Academy. It has an exceedingly long history and its architecture is characteristic of Song Dynasty. Then, after a half hour tour, we will reach the Bird Forest. There are various rare birds there, and they can sing, perform, and interact with us. After about an hour, we will arrive at the peak, Baiyun Summit. The scenery there is spectacular and we can have a wonderful panorama of the whole city.
I bet you must be very excited about all these activities, and the Yuelu Mountain is waiting for us to explore. All you need is to pack up and go, and I assure you that this trip will be a great fun.
Should you have any question and suggestion, please let me know.
I am looking forward to your arrival.
Yours sincerely,
Romeo
這篇文章在01年和04年都考過類似的題材(介紹家鄉(xiāng))，所以雖然對于滿心期待考圖畫作文的親可能有些措手不及，但是難度畢竟不大，應(yīng)該不會有太多問題。
你可以把它當成信來寫，也可以把它當做一片介紹性的文章來寫(把信的格式去掉即可)。
由于每個人的家鄉(xiāng)、校園和想帶去的地方不一樣，所以范文是沒有太多參考價值的。只要注意：1.明確提出了你要帶他去的地方;2.說出關(guān)于這個地方的兩三個值得去的點或者你曾有過的經(jīng)歷。
這里就給出你的家鄉(xiāng)，校園和中國道理一樣。
翻譯
翻譯一：
為了促進教育公平，中國已經(jīng)投入360億元，用于改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)教育設(shè)施和加強中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育。這些資金用于改善教學(xué)設(shè)施、購買書籍，使16萬多所中小學(xué)收益。資金還用于購置音樂和繪畫器材?，F(xiàn)在農(nóng)村和山區(qū)的兒童可以與沿海城市的兒童一樣上音樂和繪畫課。一些為接受更好教育而轉(zhuǎn)往城市上學(xué)的學(xué)生如今又回到了本地農(nóng)村學(xué)校就讀。
In order to promote the equality of education, China has invested 36 billion yuan for the improvement of the educational facilities in rural areas and the enhancement of the rural compulsory education in the midwest. The fund is used to modify teaching facilities and to purchase books, benefiting more than 160 thousand primary schools and middle schools. Meanwhile, the fund is used to supplement musical instruments and painting supplies. Nowadays, like the children in coastal cities, those living in rural and mountain areas also have music and painting lessons. As a result, some students, once transferring to other cities for better education, come back to local schools now.
第一句話：目的狀語+完成時;第二句，被動語態(tài)+分詞做結(jié)果;第三句：單詞;第四句：like的句型，放句首更容易對;四五句之間，注意銜接和邏輯。
詳解：
這篇翻譯主題突破了以往的中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，習(xí)俗等，考了目前比較熱門的教育平等問題。文章難度適中，但是出現(xiàn)了較多重復(fù)的漢語，需要同義詞的替換，對詞匯提出了更高要求。
第一句話，主干為中國已經(jīng)投入360億元，需要注意時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時。
其他部分都是目的狀語, 可以用不定式或短語in order to 或者用介詞for來表達。用詞方面，“加強”，“改善”，等在2013年12月四級真題以及樣題中都已經(jīng)考過，所以想到improve和enhance并不困難。
第二句話由兩個簡單句構(gòu)成，且兩句主語一致，所以后半句可以考慮用非謂語，詞匯方面，benefit可直接用作及物動詞。
第三句話和第二句很相似，無難度。
第四句話，考察”像。。。一樣”，like的用法。
第五句話，注意非謂語作定語的使用(transferring to)。
翻譯二：
中國應(yīng)該進一步發(fā)展核能，因為核電目前只占其總發(fā)電數(shù)的2%。該比例在所有核電國家中居第30位，幾乎是低的。
2011年3月日本人核電站事故后，中國的核能開發(fā)停了下來，中止審批新的核電站，并開展全國性的核電安全檢查。到2012年10月，審批才又謹慎的恢復(fù)。 隨著技術(shù)和安全措施的改進，發(fā)生核事故的可能性完全可以降到低程度。換句話說，核能是可以安全開發(fā)和利用的。
China should further develop nuclear energy because currently，nuclear power accounts for only 2% of its total generating capacity . Such proportion ranks the thirtieth in all the countries possessing nuclear power, which is almost the last.
After Japan’s nuclear power accident in March 2011, nuclear power development in China was suspended, so was the approval of new nuclear power plants. Also, the national safety check for the nuclear power was carried out. IT was not until October 2012 that the approval was prudently resumed.
With the improvement of technology and safety measures, there is little possibility for nuclear accidents to happen. In other words, there won’t be any trouble to develop and exploit the nuclear power.
這篇略難，恭喜人品。第一二句，注意邏輯;第三句，注意“排”這個字要用主動;
第二段主要注意時態(tài)：過去時。
后一段，伴隨狀語和句子間的邏輯。
詳解：
第一句，考察詞匯 進一步，占據(jù)，以及句子邏輯關(guān)系的判斷。
第二句注意使用非限制性定語從句。
第三句話是全文長的一句話，注意幾個簡單句的合并(so was B以及用邏輯詞);考察詞匯 停止，開展。
第四句，考察“直到。。。才”(not until)句型。
第五句，簡單句，無難度，考察with表伴隨。
后一句，簡單句，考察短語換句話說, 以及詞匯開發(fā)利用。
翻譯三：
中國的教育工作者早就認識到讀書對于國家的意義。有些教育工作者2003年就建議設(shè)立全民讀書日。他們強調(diào)，人們應(yīng)當讀好書，尤其是經(jīng)典著作。通過閱讀，人們能更好的學(xué)會感恩、有責(zé)任心和與人合作，而教育的目的正是要培養(yǎng)這些基本素質(zhì)。閱讀對于中小學(xué)生尤為重要，假如他們沒有在這個關(guān)鍵時期培養(yǎng)閱讀的興趣，以后要培養(yǎng)成閱讀的習(xí)慣就跟難了。
Chinese education workers realized the significance of reading for a nation long time ago. In 2003，some workers suggested that we have a national reading day. They emphasized that people ought to read good books especially the classic ones. Through reading, people can learn better how to be grateful, responsible and cooperative, and the goal of education is to cultivate these basic personalities. Reading is especially important for middle and primary school students;Therefore, if they don't nurture the interest of reading at that key period, it will be harder for them to develop a habit to read in the future.
解析：第一句話，注意時態(tài)(早就，應(yīng)該是過去式);第二句話，注意suggest后的虛擬語氣，should do，should經(jīng)常被省略;第三句話，詞匯(重視)、應(yīng)該的多元性寫法(不要只用should)、經(jīng)典(classic而不是classical);第四句話，注意介詞和兩句話之間的邏輯性;第五句話無難度，要注意和第六句話之間的銜接;后一句話，條件句的主將從現(xiàn)。