The oldest stone buildings in the world are pyramids. They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet. There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the "Step" pyramids and the "Bent" pyramids.
Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of (固定搭配結構：數以千計的…)years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of (固定搭配結構：由…造成)men who were looking for (固定搭配結構：尋找…)treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings. The dry climate of(所屬關系) Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape has made them less likely to fall into (固定搭配結構：陷于(某種狀態(tài))，變成為)ruin.
英語文化介紹—與外國人交流的時候，什么問題不能問?
“你結婚了嗎?/Are you married or single?”………不要問
“你怎么還沒有結婚呢?/How come/why you’re still single?” ………不要問
“你離婚了， 什么原因呢?兩人合不來嗎?/You’re divorced. What was the reason? Couldn’t you two get along?” ………不要問
“你信教嗎?/Do you go to church?” ………不要問
“你信什么教?/What’s your religion?” ………不要問
情態(tài)動詞(Model V.)
英語中常用的情態(tài)動詞有can, may, must, ought, need, might, could。在一定的場合下,shall, should, will, would也可用作情態(tài)動詞。情態(tài)動詞都有詞義，并需要同另一個動詞的原形構成謂語。除ought后跟不定式以外，其他情態(tài)動詞通常都跟動詞原形構成謂語，有時也跟動詞的完成或進行式構成謂語， 如： They must have gone to bed. He must be working in the lab. 情態(tài)動詞的否定式都是由“情態(tài)動詞+ not + … ”構成。如：can not, need not, should not。
1.與常見動詞形成的固定搭配; 如：depend on…/ 依靠, rely on…/依靠, look after…/看管，照料, result from…/ .由…引起, result in…/ 致使，造成…的結果, protect …from /保護…不受到, prevent…from…/ 防止…遭受到…, die of/from…/ 死于, feed on… /以…為食, live on… /靠…活著
2.與形容詞，過去分詞形成的固定搭配;如：afraid of…/害怕， angry at…/因某事生氣，angry with… /對某人發(fā)怒， aware of…/知道，意識到，good at…/善于，satisfied with…/對…感到滿意。(請參考在有關形容詞的講義中所列舉的“形容詞+ 介詞”的短語結構)
3. 與名詞搭配的形成的固定搭配; 如：ability of …/做…的能力curiosity about…/對…好奇 key/answer to…/…的答案， demand for…/對…的需要， struggle against…/與…作斗爭
值得我們注意的簡單介詞：about, above, after, against, along, among, around, as, at, behind, below, beside, besides, between, beyond, but, by, despite, down, except, for, in, like, near, off, on, opposite (opposite to), over, since, through, till, towards, to, under, until, up, with;
值得我們注意的合成介詞：inside, upon, into, within, outside, throughout;
值得我們注意的成語介詞：according to依照, except for除了, in front of在。。(地點)前面, instead of代替, on account of由于, due to由于, owing to由于;
分詞介詞：considering考慮到, concerning有關, including包括, regarding關于
介詞短語在句子中可以作定語，狀語，表語和補足語。
作定語 Who is the girl in the blue dress?/那個穿著藍衣服的女孩是誰?
作狀語 Of all kinds of electric motors this one is most widely used./在所有的電動機中這一臺是廣泛使用的。
作表語 These computers are of the same type./這些計算機是同類型的。
作補足語 Everywhere you go, you will see machines at work./無論你到哪兒，你都會看見機器在工作。
assembly n. 集合, 裝配, 集會(assembly line/裝配線);
assess v. 評估(財產, 價值, 人物、工作等); (assess – evaluate – value評估)
assist v. (在某方面)幫助，援助，協(xié)助 ((assist sb. in doing sth/to do sth/在…方面幫助某人))
assistant n. 助手, 助理(assistant engineer/助理工程師; assistant professor/副教授);
associate v. 結交, 由...聯(lián)想到..., 把...聯(lián)系起來(associate one thing with another/把某一事與另一事聯(lián)系起來; ...be associated with sth./...和...有關/...和...有聯(lián)系):
association n. 聯(lián)合,協(xié)會, 社團:
assume v. 假設(assume – suppose ),承擔(assume – take on - acccept), 呈(態(tài)度, 姿態(tài), 位置) (assume new duties/承擔新的職務; assume office/就職; assume responsibility/負責, 承擔責任);
assure v. 保證 (assume - ensure) ，使安心，讓…放心 (assure sb. of/that…/向某人保證…)
astonish v. 使吃驚(astonish – surprise –shock)(be astonished at sth. /對…感到驚訝);
astronaut n. 宇航員
at prep.[位置， 場所， 地點，時間]在…時，在…中，在…方面，向，(表示速度，價格等)以(arrive at…/到達…; at my uncle's/在我叔父家;at the foot[top] of the mountain /在山腳下[頂上]; at the meeting/在會議上; at ten o'clock/在十點鐘; at (the age of) forty/在 40 歲的時候; at the beginning of the month/在月初; at christmas/在圣誕節(jié); aim at…/對準..; throw …at …/朝…扔…;be pleased at…/對…感到高興;be surprised [frightened] at …/聽到…而吃驚; at one's request/應某人的請求; at the rate/speed of …/以每小時..速度);
athlete: n. 運動員
atlantic adj.大西洋的;大西洋沿岸的(the atlantic ocean /大西洋);
atmosphere n. 大氣, 空氣, 氣氛;
attack n./v. 進攻, 疾病)侵襲，發(fā)作(a heart attack /心臟病發(fā)作);
attach v. 貼上，系上，縛上(attach… to … 把…貼/系在…上面)
attempt n. (常與at, on, to連用)努力, 嘗試v. (常與to連用)企圖, 嘗試 (attempt to do sth./make an attempt to do sth. /試圖做…);
attend v. 注意, 出席(at), 參加, 上(學, 教堂) ( attend school /上學; attend a lecture /聽講課; attend (at) a wedding /出席婚禮; be attended by/由...陪同; 由...照料);
attention n.注意, 關心, 關注, 注意力( pay attention to ../注意..);
attitude n.態(tài)度, 看法, 意見(attitude to/towards…/對…的態(tài)度, take [assumed] an attitude of 取…態(tài)度);
attract vt. 吸引(attract –appeal to), 誘惑(attract one’s attention/引起某人注意);
attractive adj. 有吸引力的(attractive – appealing ), 漂亮的(attractive – beautiful – pretty );
attribute vt. 把...歸因于(to)..., n.屬性, 特質, 標志(attribute ..to ../把...歸因于);
audience n. 聽眾, 觀眾, 讀者(a large audience/很多觀眾);
august n.八月(略作aug);
aunt n. 伯母, 嬸母, 舅母, 阿姨;
australia n. 澳大利亞，澳洲:
author n. 作家, 著者(best author暢銷書作者; joint author/合著者);
authority n. 權威, 權力, 權勢, [pl.]*, 負責人;
automatic adj.自動的,機械的;
automobile n.汽車，小汽車;
autumn n. 秋, 秋季(美國普通稱fall) (in autumn/在秋天; in (the)late autumn/在晚[深]秋);
available adj.可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的, 有空的;
age n. 年齡 v. 變老(at the age of…/時年..歲; be of age(= come of age/)成年 ;
ago adv. 以前，以往(long long ago很久很久以前, two days ago/兩天前);
agree v. 一致, 相合, 同意 (agree on…/對…意見一致; agree with sb. /同意某人的話; agree to do sth. 同意做… );
agreement n. 一致, 同意, 協(xié)議(in agreement with .../和..一致);
agriculture n.農業(yè)
ahead adv.在前, 向前, 提前( ahead of…/在…之前;超過);
aid v. 幫助, 援助 n. 幫助, 支援(aid sb. in sth./ 幫助某人做。。);(aid – help幫助; aid –device輔助設備)
aim v. (常與at連用)瞄準, 對準, 以…為目標n. 瞄準;目標(aim to do sth./致力于做。。;aim at doing sth./sth. /致力于做…) ;
air n. 空氣, 天空(fresh air /新鮮空氣; by air /乘飛機);
airplane n. 飛機;
airport n.航空站,機場 ;
alarm n. 驚恐，擔憂，報警器， 鬧鐘，警報v. 使擔心，使驚恐
alcohol n. 酒精;
alike adj. [常作表語]同樣的, 相似的(look alike/看起來相似)
alive adj. 活的，活著的( keep sth alive/讓。。仍然活著 );(比較: alive(活的)不能作定語, 只能作表語和補語; living(活的) 可以作定語, 如: a living scientist 一位仍然還在世的科學家)
all adj. 所有的, 全部的pron.全體, 全部, (與of連用)整體;全部(in all/總計; above all/首先，尤其是, all over/到處，遍及, after all/終究，畢竟, at all/完全， 根本， 究竟; after all/雖然這樣， 畢竟);
allow v. 允許，準許, 給予 (allow sb. to do sth./允許某人做。。)(allow –permit允許)
almost adv. 幾乎;(almost –nearly幾乎,差不多)
alone adj. [只作表語] 單獨的; 孤獨的(be alone/獨自一人， leave sb. alone/讓某人獨自呆一會)(比較: lonely(孤獨的)可以用作表語)
along prep. 沿著(walk along the river/沿著河走; all along/始終;一直 ;along with/與…一道);
aloud adv. 高聲地，響亮地 (aloud –loudly高聲地)
already adv. [表示現(xiàn)在或過去某時已發(fā)生的事實] 已經
also adv. 也, 同樣, 而且(not only..but also...或 not only...but../不僅..而且…); (also –too –as well也)
alter v. 變更;改變，改換 (alter –change改變)
alternative n. 兩者擇一, 替換物， adj. 兩者擇一的,交替的;
although adv. 盡管，雖然; (although – though 雖然)
always adv. 總是;
a.m. adv. 上午
amaze v. 使驚奇;使吃驚(be amazed at sth. /對...感到驚奇);(amazed –surprised – astonished 感到驚訝的 )
amazing adj. 令人吃驚的 (amazing – surprising – astonishing 令人吃驚的)
ambition n. 野心, 雄心, 抱負;
ambitious adj. 野心勃勃的，渴望的
相關推薦：2014年職稱英語備考輔導
Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of (固定搭配結構：數以千計的…)years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of (固定搭配結構：由…造成)men who were looking for (固定搭配結構：尋找…)treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings. The dry climate of(所屬關系) Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape has made them less likely to fall into (固定搭配結構：陷于(某種狀態(tài))，變成為)ruin.
英語文化介紹—與外國人交流的時候，什么問題不能問?
“你結婚了嗎?/Are you married or single?”………不要問
“你怎么還沒有結婚呢?/How come/why you’re still single?” ………不要問
“你離婚了， 什么原因呢?兩人合不來嗎?/You’re divorced. What was the reason? Couldn’t you two get along?” ………不要問
“你信教嗎?/Do you go to church?” ………不要問
“你信什么教?/What’s your religion?” ………不要問
情態(tài)動詞(Model V.)
英語中常用的情態(tài)動詞有can, may, must, ought, need, might, could。在一定的場合下,shall, should, will, would也可用作情態(tài)動詞。情態(tài)動詞都有詞義，并需要同另一個動詞的原形構成謂語。除ought后跟不定式以外，其他情態(tài)動詞通常都跟動詞原形構成謂語，有時也跟動詞的完成或進行式構成謂語， 如： They must have gone to bed. He must be working in the lab. 情態(tài)動詞的否定式都是由“情態(tài)動詞+ not + … ”構成。如：can not, need not, should not。
1.與常見動詞形成的固定搭配; 如：depend on…/ 依靠, rely on…/依靠, look after…/看管，照料, result from…/ .由…引起, result in…/ 致使，造成…的結果, protect …from /保護…不受到, prevent…from…/ 防止…遭受到…, die of/from…/ 死于, feed on… /以…為食, live on… /靠…活著
2.與形容詞，過去分詞形成的固定搭配;如：afraid of…/害怕， angry at…/因某事生氣，angry with… /對某人發(fā)怒， aware of…/知道，意識到，good at…/善于，satisfied with…/對…感到滿意。(請參考在有關形容詞的講義中所列舉的“形容詞+ 介詞”的短語結構)
3. 與名詞搭配的形成的固定搭配; 如：ability of …/做…的能力curiosity about…/對…好奇 key/answer to…/…的答案， demand for…/對…的需要， struggle against…/與…作斗爭
值得我們注意的簡單介詞：about, above, after, against, along, among, around, as, at, behind, below, beside, besides, between, beyond, but, by, despite, down, except, for, in, like, near, off, on, opposite (opposite to), over, since, through, till, towards, to, under, until, up, with;
值得我們注意的合成介詞：inside, upon, into, within, outside, throughout;
值得我們注意的成語介詞：according to依照, except for除了, in front of在。。(地點)前面, instead of代替, on account of由于, due to由于, owing to由于;
分詞介詞：considering考慮到, concerning有關, including包括, regarding關于
介詞短語在句子中可以作定語，狀語，表語和補足語。
作定語 Who is the girl in the blue dress?/那個穿著藍衣服的女孩是誰?
作狀語 Of all kinds of electric motors this one is most widely used./在所有的電動機中這一臺是廣泛使用的。
作表語 These computers are of the same type./這些計算機是同類型的。
作補足語 Everywhere you go, you will see machines at work./無論你到哪兒，你都會看見機器在工作。
assembly n. 集合, 裝配, 集會(assembly line/裝配線);
assess v. 評估(財產, 價值, 人物、工作等); (assess – evaluate – value評估)
assist v. (在某方面)幫助，援助，協(xié)助 ((assist sb. in doing sth/to do sth/在…方面幫助某人))
assistant n. 助手, 助理(assistant engineer/助理工程師; assistant professor/副教授);
associate v. 結交, 由...聯(lián)想到..., 把...聯(lián)系起來(associate one thing with another/把某一事與另一事聯(lián)系起來; ...be associated with sth./...和...有關/...和...有聯(lián)系):
association n. 聯(lián)合,協(xié)會, 社團:
assume v. 假設(assume – suppose ),承擔(assume – take on - acccept), 呈(態(tài)度, 姿態(tài), 位置) (assume new duties/承擔新的職務; assume office/就職; assume responsibility/負責, 承擔責任);
assure v. 保證 (assume - ensure) ，使安心，讓…放心 (assure sb. of/that…/向某人保證…)
astonish v. 使吃驚(astonish – surprise –shock)(be astonished at sth. /對…感到驚訝);
astronaut n. 宇航員
at prep.[位置， 場所， 地點，時間]在…時，在…中，在…方面，向，(表示速度，價格等)以(arrive at…/到達…; at my uncle's/在我叔父家;at the foot[top] of the mountain /在山腳下[頂上]; at the meeting/在會議上; at ten o'clock/在十點鐘; at (the age of) forty/在 40 歲的時候; at the beginning of the month/在月初; at christmas/在圣誕節(jié); aim at…/對準..; throw …at …/朝…扔…;be pleased at…/對…感到高興;be surprised [frightened] at …/聽到…而吃驚; at one's request/應某人的請求; at the rate/speed of …/以每小時..速度);
athlete: n. 運動員
atlantic adj.大西洋的;大西洋沿岸的(the atlantic ocean /大西洋);
atmosphere n. 大氣, 空氣, 氣氛;
attack n./v. 進攻, 疾病)侵襲，發(fā)作(a heart attack /心臟病發(fā)作);
attach v. 貼上，系上，縛上(attach… to … 把…貼/系在…上面)
attempt n. (常與at, on, to連用)努力, 嘗試v. (常與to連用)企圖, 嘗試 (attempt to do sth./make an attempt to do sth. /試圖做…);
attend v. 注意, 出席(at), 參加, 上(學, 教堂) ( attend school /上學; attend a lecture /聽講課; attend (at) a wedding /出席婚禮; be attended by/由...陪同; 由...照料);
attention n.注意, 關心, 關注, 注意力( pay attention to ../注意..);
attitude n.態(tài)度, 看法, 意見(attitude to/towards…/對…的態(tài)度, take [assumed] an attitude of 取…態(tài)度);
attract vt. 吸引(attract –appeal to), 誘惑(attract one’s attention/引起某人注意);
attractive adj. 有吸引力的(attractive – appealing ), 漂亮的(attractive – beautiful – pretty );
attribute vt. 把...歸因于(to)..., n.屬性, 特質, 標志(attribute ..to ../把...歸因于);
audience n. 聽眾, 觀眾, 讀者(a large audience/很多觀眾);
august n.八月(略作aug);
aunt n. 伯母, 嬸母, 舅母, 阿姨;
australia n. 澳大利亞，澳洲:
author n. 作家, 著者(best author暢銷書作者; joint author/合著者);
authority n. 權威, 權力, 權勢, [pl.]*, 負責人;
automatic adj.自動的,機械的;
automobile n.汽車，小汽車;
autumn n. 秋, 秋季(美國普通稱fall) (in autumn/在秋天; in (the)late autumn/在晚[深]秋);
available adj.可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的, 有空的;
age n. 年齡 v. 變老(at the age of…/時年..歲; be of age(= come of age/)成年 ;
ago adv. 以前，以往(long long ago很久很久以前, two days ago/兩天前);
agree v. 一致, 相合, 同意 (agree on…/對…意見一致; agree with sb. /同意某人的話; agree to do sth. 同意做… );
agreement n. 一致, 同意, 協(xié)議(in agreement with .../和..一致);
agriculture n.農業(yè)
ahead adv.在前, 向前, 提前( ahead of…/在…之前;超過);
aid v. 幫助, 援助 n. 幫助, 支援(aid sb. in sth./ 幫助某人做。。);(aid – help幫助; aid –device輔助設備)
aim v. (常與at連用)瞄準, 對準, 以…為目標n. 瞄準;目標(aim to do sth./致力于做。。;aim at doing sth./sth. /致力于做…) ;
air n. 空氣, 天空(fresh air /新鮮空氣; by air /乘飛機);
airplane n. 飛機;
airport n.航空站,機場 ;
alarm n. 驚恐，擔憂，報警器， 鬧鐘，警報v. 使擔心，使驚恐
alcohol n. 酒精;
alike adj. [常作表語]同樣的, 相似的(look alike/看起來相似)
alive adj. 活的，活著的( keep sth alive/讓。。仍然活著 );(比較: alive(活的)不能作定語, 只能作表語和補語; living(活的) 可以作定語, 如: a living scientist 一位仍然還在世的科學家)
all adj. 所有的, 全部的pron.全體, 全部, (與of連用)整體;全部(in all/總計; above all/首先，尤其是, all over/到處，遍及, after all/終究，畢竟, at all/完全， 根本， 究竟; after all/雖然這樣， 畢竟);
allow v. 允許，準許, 給予 (allow sb. to do sth./允許某人做。。)(allow –permit允許)
almost adv. 幾乎;(almost –nearly幾乎,差不多)
alone adj. [只作表語] 單獨的; 孤獨的(be alone/獨自一人， leave sb. alone/讓某人獨自呆一會)(比較: lonely(孤獨的)可以用作表語)
along prep. 沿著(walk along the river/沿著河走; all along/始終;一直 ;along with/與…一道);
aloud adv. 高聲地，響亮地 (aloud –loudly高聲地)
already adv. [表示現(xiàn)在或過去某時已發(fā)生的事實] 已經
also adv. 也, 同樣, 而且(not only..but also...或 not only...but../不僅..而且…); (also –too –as well也)
alter v. 變更;改變，改換 (alter –change改變)
alternative n. 兩者擇一, 替換物， adj. 兩者擇一的,交替的;
although adv. 盡管，雖然; (although – though 雖然)
always adv. 總是;
a.m. adv. 上午
amaze v. 使驚奇;使吃驚(be amazed at sth. /對...感到驚奇);(amazed –surprised – astonished 感到驚訝的 )
amazing adj. 令人吃驚的 (amazing – surprising – astonishing 令人吃驚的)
ambition n. 野心, 雄心, 抱負;
ambitious adj. 野心勃勃的，渴望的
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