Part I Writing.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Civil Servant Test Craze. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
1、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic College Students Joining the Army: A Win-Win Choice． You can illustrate your point: why college students" taking part in the army is a win-win choice and finally encourage them to be a serviceman． You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words．
Section A
2、Questions 2-11 are based on the following passage． Vermont has become the first US state to require that food containing genetically modified ingredients be labelled． The law is presented as increasing consumers' (36)__________ to information, but it is unclear how it will help because scientists believe these widely-used(37)__________ are harmless． From 1 July 2016, all genetically modified (GM) food sold in Vermont must have the words "produced with genetic (38) __________" emblazoned on the packaging in a "clear and conspicuous" way． The bill was signed into law on 8 May by the state's (39)__________ Peter Shumlin． Connecticut and Maine have passed similar laws, but these will only take effect once other states join in． Vermont is the first state to require that GM food be labelled (40) __________ Almost everything in an (41)__________ grocery store in the US contains an ingredient with some level of genetic modification． Most US-grown corn and soy is genetically modified, and these are present in a wide(42) of foods． The chemical used to break down milk to make cheese, chymosin, was previously made from the processed stomachs of young calves, but is now mostly produced using genetically-engineered bacteria． Plant geneticist Patrick Byrne of Colorado State University in Fort Collins says he is (43) __________of any evidence that GM foods are harmful to humans． "Given all the hype and the fearful messages being circulated, I think a label would likely be (44) __________as a warning that you might want to avoid this product, not a neutral message," he says． "You would think there would be more concern over (45)__________ residues, or whether manure was used to produce this food," says Byrne． 注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答 A． average B． access C． intentionally D． interpreted E． pesticide F． engineering G． however H． ingredients I． governor J． engineer K． types L． variety M． unaware N． aware O． unconditionally
第36題應(yīng)填__________
3、 第37題應(yīng)填__________
4、 第38題應(yīng)填__________
5、 第39題應(yīng)填__________
6、 第40題應(yīng)填__________
7、 第41題應(yīng)填__________
8、 第42題應(yīng)填__________
9、 第43題應(yīng)填__________
10、 第44題應(yīng)填__________
11、 第45題應(yīng)填__________ 一、聽力選擇題 12、聽音頻： 點(diǎn)擊播放
回答12-36題
A． Chickens, rice, water, tea． B． Chickens, sauce, water, tea． C． Bread, rice, water, ice-cream． D． Chicken, rice, water, ice-cream．
13、 A．She just eats white meat but no red meat． B．Her meals are without meat． C．She eats meals with no or little meat． D．She just eats red meat but no white meat．
14、 A．She was not responsible for the mistake． B．The bus driver was not careful enough． C．She would like to accept the fine． D．She knew she was always careless．
15、 A．She doesn't like American food but prefer Chinese food． B．She doesn't like Korean food but prefer American food． C．She doesn't like American food but prefer Korean food． D．She doesn't like American food but prefer Brazilian food．
16、 A．Tommy has known the man for seventeen years． B．Tommy got to know the man by chance． C．Tommy asked the man to rent him a room and they knew each other． D．The man lived in rented house when he got to know Tommy．
17、 A．She thinks to breed crops selectively is different from modifying genes of crops． B．She thinks genetioally modified food is not harmful to health． C．She thinks DNA technology has a negative effect on people's life． D．She thinks genetically modified food should be banned from people's diet．
18、 A．The traffic problems result from economic development and excessive cars． B．The woman has adapted herself to the traffic in this place． C．There are fewer traffic problems in other places． D．The woman doesn't want to live in this place anymore．
19、 A．To find a emergency room nearby． B．To report his situation and location and wait for calls． C．To call the police and hospitals． D．To use GPS to locate himself．
20、聽音頻，回答下列問題． A． It suggests the difference between the women's shopping habits and that of men's． B． It suggests the difference between the women's behavior and that of men's． C． It suggests the difference between the women's brain and that of men's． D． It suggests the difference between the female's time arrangement and that of men's．
21、 A．They found that male brains have more connections on one side of the brain while female both． B．They found that men are more straightforward than women． C．They found that men are more persistent than women． D．They found that women are more efficient than men are in problem solving． 22、 A．Man may take a less direct way to its solution． B．Women may take a less direct way to its solution． C．Women's solution may be more practical． D．Men's solution may be more practical． 聽音頻，回答下列問題 ．
23、 A．The reason why overseas students coming back to their home country． B．The value of overseas study and the students' future． C．The advantage of overseas students in career choices． D．The economic reasons of studying overseas．
24、 A．She takes it as a precious experience to learn western culture． B．She takes it as an effort worth making． C．She takes it as a springboard to settle in the U．S．A．． D．She takes it as a good beginning to start her own company．
25、 A．They have contradictory views on core values． B．The developed countries are experiencing economic recessions． C．They are the only children in their family． D．The economic situation in China has boosted returnees' confidence in their career at home．
26、 A．Good communication skills and language competence． B．Good ability of interaction and adjustability． C．Good language skills, a large network and a comprehensive set of skills． D．International education background and a large network．
27、聽音頻，回答下列問題 ． A． Palliative care is medical care that could relieve their pain and suffering． B． Palliative care is medical care that could cure the disease． C． Palliative care is medical care that could make the patient comfortable． D． Palliative care is annual care of the disease．
28、 A．The patients with mental illness are fit for the palliative care． B．The patients with psychological illness are fit for the palliative care． C．The patients with curable disease are fit for the palliative care． D．The patients with incurable illness are fit for the palliative care．
29、 A．HIV is not ．included in the disease needing the palliative care． B．Obesity is not included in the disease needing the palliative care． C．Drug-resistant tuberculosis is not included in the disease needing the palliative care． D．Illness affecting heart is not included in the disease needing the palliative care．
30、聽音頻，回答下列問題 A．Laughter is good for health． B．Laughter is terrifying sometimes． C．Laughter is very comfortable． D．Laughter is good for social communication．
31、 A．They were the least likely to believe that people are being nice to them． B．They were the least likely to believe that people are making fun of them． C．They were the most likely to believe that people are making fun of them． D．They were the least likely to have no specific thought to the laughter．
32、 A．． Those who are not conversable． B．Those who are nervous． C．Those who are shy． D．Those who are not clever．
33、 聽音頻，回答下列問題． A．Dementia is the loss of physical ability． B．Dementia is the loss of self-cure ability． C．Dementia is the loss of mental ability． D．Dementia is the loss of immune ability．
34、 A．240 of those studied suffered from Alzheimer's． B．214 of those studied suffered from Alzheimer's． C．650 of those studied suffered from Alzheimer's． D．66 of those studied suffered from Alzheimer's．
35、 A．Food people eat had no effect on the age at the first sign of dementia． B．Level of education had no effect on the age at the first sign of dementia． C．Living condition had no effect on the age at the first sign of dementia． D．Medical care had no effect on the age at the first sign of dementia．
36、 A．Researchers found there was no extra gain in doing sports． B．Researchers found there was no extra gain in taking part in art activities． C．Researchers found there was no extra gain in talking to friends． D．Researchers found there was no extra gain in speaking more than two languages． 二、聽力填空 Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 37、 Even to those who study mining disasters, last week's explosion in Soma, Turkey, was shocking．The (26)_________ cause of the explosion is unknown, but it is thought to have started with a spark from electrical equipment that ignited coal dust or methane． The (27)_________ is nearly 300, and dozens of people are still missing． While citizens in Turkey respond with angry protests, engineers around the world are working to prepare fleets of robots to help with the next disaster． Mine explosions like the one in Turkey are (28)_________ caused when methane gas builds up and (29)_________ , and the flames are carried quickly by flammable coal dust hanging in the air． Other countries like the US and the UK have adopted relatively low-tech (30)_________ prevent explosions and keep them from spreading, such as putting steel boxes around (31) to contain sparks, or spreading stone dust throughout the mine to dilute the coal dust and (32)_________ the flames． But when things go wrong, a burned-out mine can be a dangerous place for rescue workers． So mine safety engineers want to send robots to scout ahead of humans to test the air quality and find safe(33)_________ to trapped survivors, and perhaps even carry them out． Such efforts have been (34)_________ challenges． After the Crandall Canyon mine in Utah collapsed in 2007, killing six miners, a camera scout robot got stuck in a borehole． There are signs that the technology is (35) _________． This week, the US Office of Mine Safety and Health Research called for proposals for robots that can be lowered into boreholes, explore up to about 1,000 meters ahead of rescue teams, and act as pack mules． 請(qǐng)回答第26題_________
38、 請(qǐng)回答第27題_________
39、 請(qǐng)回答第28題_________
40、 請(qǐng)回答第29題_________
41、 請(qǐng)回答第30題_________
42、 請(qǐng)回答第31題_________
43、 請(qǐng)回答第32題_________
44、 請(qǐng)回答第33題_________
45、 請(qǐng)回答第34題_________
46、 請(qǐng)回答第35題_________ Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
47、根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容回答47-56題 Apps Designed for Distracted Drivers A． Marry Williams recalls the conversations he and his wife would have with their two daughters about the dangers of talking and texting while driving．．"It's always a concern," said Williams． "We just drilled it into their heads over and over until they said 'Okay, we get it,' and when we saw something [about the dangers of drivers texting] on TV we made sure they saw it, too．" B． Parents like Williams have good reason to worry． Half of teens say they tall on a cell phone while driving, a third say they swap text messages, and almost half say they've been a passenger in a vehicle with a teen driver whose phone use put them at risk, according to federal statistics． Teen drivers are more likely to get into a fatal crash than anyone under the age of 80, in part because their brains are still developing the system that evaluates risk． C． These days, however, there's an app for that, several of them, in fact． There are apps that prevent mobile-device use while driving, and some of them alert parents or employers when a user tries to beat the system．They've emerged on the market as alarm grows over the carnage caused by distracted driving． D． More than 3,300 people die and 420,000 are injured annually in crashes attributed to distracted drivers． But those numbers may be low because, other than a driver's admission of fault, it's a challenge to prove that distraction caused a crash． Among all drivers involved in fatal crashes, teens were the most likely to have been distracted, National Highway Traffic Administration data show． "They feel invincible," said Jurek Grabowski, director of research at the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety． "They have large social networks and they want to stay in contact with them．" E． Conversations on the go, texting, surfing the Internet and taking selfies (自拍) are such a habit among teens that studies show they underestimate the risk． Teens make up a significant percentage of the approximately 660,000 drivers who are having phone conversations or manipulating electronic devices while driving at any given moment during daylight hours in the United States． And most teenagers who chat, text or surf while driving are breaking the law． The District and 37 states--including Maryland and Virginia--ban novice drivers from talking on the phone while driving． The three local jurisdictions (管轄區(qū)) and 41 other states bar all drivers from sending and receiving text messages while driving． But respect for those laws is similar to that given the speed limit． F． "We need to almost turn this thing into a brick," David Coleman said recently, holding up his cell phone while sitting in a Bowie Starbucks． "It can't just be about texting． It has to be about e-mail, Facebook and no inappropriate calls．" Coleman is marketing director for Louisiana-based Cellcontrol, one of several companies competing for the chance to shut down people's mobile devices while they're driving． Most of the companies that sell cell phone service--Verizon, AT&T, Sprint and others--also provide apps that can limit access． G． Many of the apps are triggered when a GPS sensor detects that a vehicle is in motion, and some—such as AT&T's DriveMode---will alert parents or employers when the app has been turned off or disabled．Independent experts consider that a feature buyers should look for． "Especially for younger drivers． As clever as you can be, they will be more clever," said Leo McCloskey, a tech specialist for the Intelligent Transportation Society of America． "The best way to do it is to integrate the device with the vehicle so that you could have more precise control．" H． That precise control means that parents or employers can select the features they want to allow their drivers to use and block those that worry them． "It's important to have a solid oversight function so that use can be monitored by a fleet (車隊(duì)) manager or parent," said Russ Rader of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety． "Cellcontrol is one of the better, most complete systems． TeenSafer is another one that we've looked at that works pretty well．．These products are going to be the most useful for fleet operators and for parents trying to control phone use by their driving teens． Both Cellcontrol and TeenSafer will report attempts to disrupt the system．" I． Businesses that send fleets of cars, vans or trucks onto the streets have shown increasing interest in those products, as juries have issued multimillion-dollar rewards to those injured or killed by distracted drivers who were on the job． J． Systems integrated into the vehicle are triggered when the car or truck begins to move． "We're not guessing based on a satellite, we're depending on the vehicle to tell us," said Cellcontrol's Coleman as he spent a morning demonstrating his company's product in Prince George's County． "Otherwise, how do I know you're not on a Greyhound bus or on a plane that has landed and is taxiing (滑行) to the gate?" K． Cellcontrol provides two options for connecting to a vehicle． One is a device the size of an E-Zpass transponder (電子收費(fèi)應(yīng)答器) that is glued to the windshield with the same adhesive material used to secure rearview mirrors． The more sophisticated choice plugs in to a vehicle's diagnostic computer port． The $129-system works with iPhones, Androids, BlackBerrys and Windows Mobile． L． The system involves an app that is downloaded to the phone of the driver--teenager or employee． The key to the system is software that can be installed on a home computer, tablet or mobile device that allows an authorized person--parent or boss--to customize what the driver is permitted to do, and to monitor compliance (遵從)． "We're not blocking the signal, we're allowing a protective policy to be brought into the device," he said． "The administrator has the option to make the policy as restrictive as possible, or not．" For example, phone use could be restricted to a hands-free device． Or calls could be restricted to an emergency number or a parent or office． Or parents could attempt to mandate (命令) that all passengers in the car driven by their teenager download the app． "You could decide this is the kids' car and we don't want a stupid sitting in the passenger's seat showing the driver YouTube videos," Coleman said． M． Coleman demonstrated how his phone was pre-programmed to go into safe mode when he drove, but when handed to a passenger it was fully operative． A second phone he brought along went into safe mode when the car was moving, regardless of whether it was in his hands or those of a passenger． Acknowledging that parents are dealing with a technology-savvy (精通科技的) generation and that employers exist in a technologically smart world, Coleman said, "We've built in some traps and fail-safes (故障安全裝置) to notify the parent or employer．" N． McCloskey said that companies like Cellcontrol that provide integrated services are "where we need to go．" "The operating system of the phone itself can interact with the operating system of the vehicle in such a way that services can be authorized, services can be presented, and services can be consumed all in a safe and predictable manner," McCloskey said． O． Although he is concerned about distracted driving, McCloskey thinks it as a relatively short-term problem．"In the medium to long term, as autonomous vehicles really start making a mark, all this goes away as a concern," he said．
The deaths and injuries caused by distracted driving may be underestimated due to the difficulty to identify the role of distraction in an accident．
48、 McCloskey believes that distracted driving will no longer be a problem with the emergence of autonomous vehicles．
49、 Williams made every effort to raise his teens' awareness about the danger of phone use while driving．
50、 Cellcontrol is recommended as one of the best systems available for those parents who worry about the safety of their driving teens．
51、 Cellcontrol makes it possible that parents control the phone use of the passengers when their child's is the driver．
52、 The laws in many parts of the US restrict phone use while driving, which are nevertheless poorly observed in practice．
53、 Coleman demonstrated his company's product with two cell phones functioning in different ways．
54、 Statistics show that phone use is a common phenomenon among teen drivers, which may lead to deadly traffic accidents．
55、 Some companies suffered a huge economic loss due to their employees' distracted driving．
56、 The system of Cellcontrol can be integrated into a vehicle in two different ways． Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
57、Questions 57-66 are based on the following passage． "Does my smile look big in this?" Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look--and hence feel--happier, encouraging you to like what you see． That's the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan． The system can manipulate your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face． The principle that physiological (生理的) changes can drive emotional ones－that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around--is a well-established idea． The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel． The system works by presenting the user with a webcam (網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭) image of his or her face--as if they were looking in a mirror． The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the comers of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown． Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task． When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt． When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier．Conversely, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy． Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers' emotional state would influence their preferences． Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image． The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely． The system could be used to manipulate consumers' impressions of products, say the researchers． For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections． They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on． "It's certainly an interesting area," says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK． But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions． "Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring, that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging," he says． Of course, there are also important ethical questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology．"You could argue that if it makes people happy what harm is it doing?" says Creed． "But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out．"
What's the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System? A．To see whether one's feeling can be unconsciously affected． B．To see whether one's facial expressions can be altered． C．To see whether laughter comes before happiness． D．To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms．
58、 What can we learn about the webcam image in the study? A．It recorded the volunteers' performance in the task． B．It gave the volunteers an illusion． C．It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier． D．It altered the volunteers' looks in the mirror．
59、 What would probably happen if the researchers' suggestions were to be taken? A．People would totally change their personal preferences． B．People would feel cheated and angry． C．People would buy some clothes they don't like． D．People would try on more clothes they like．
60、 What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology? A．It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes． B．It only works in clothing stores． C．It only makes subtle changes to people's expressions． D．It only deals with a．limited number of facial expressions．
61、 What does Creed's comment on the ethical issues with this technology imply? A．Nothing is more important than happiness． B．People should make their decisions independently． C．Technology is unable to manipulate people． D．People should not base their happiness on technology．
62、Questions 62-71 are based on the following passage． Recently, a controversial study on twins claims to provide evidence that the genes we inherit have a bigger impact on exam success than schooling and parenting． The study was designed by Robert Plomin at King's College London and his colleagues, to make clear the impact of genes and the environment on educational achievement． The key objective was to see how exam scores varied from the national average depending on whether twins had the same genetic make-up, as identical twins do, or shared only half of their genes, which is true for non-identical twins． Each pair shared the same environment and schooling． It seems that nature defeats nurture． The team looked at 5474 pairs of twins--2008 of them identical--and analyzed their achievement in GCSEs (普通中等教育證書) ． They found that genetics accounted for 52 percent of the differences between exam scores． A shared upbringing accounted for 36 per cent of the differences, with the remainder influenced by other factors that weren't shared, such as having a different teacher． What does this mean for children who haven't inherited academic genes? "Marginalization (邊緣化) of the 'less gifted' does not follow from finding genetic influence on educational achievement," says Plomin．"If anything the opposite is true--we need to provide more resources for those who need the most help．" Plomin also says that, although it is too early for these results to have an impact on our education system, the findings should inform debate on how education is delivered． "One strong implication of recognizing genetically driven differences between children is to personalize education as much as possible, rather than imposing a one-size-fits-all (一刀切) approach," he says． Some researchers are suspicious, including Steven Rose of the UK's Open University． He says that twin studies are "subject to difficulties of interpretation"． For instance, the unusual upbringings of identical twins---often wearing exactly the same clothes or being confused with one another---constitute an environmental impact that could be overlooked． But he agrees with Plomin that child-focused rather than rote (死記硬背) education is the way forward． "In an ideal school environment, individual aptitudes should be encouraged, but you don't need to, and nor would it be feasible to sequence a child's genome (基因組)to discover what these aptitudes might be," he says． Even if it were possible to analyze every child's genetics, no single genes for intelligence have yet been identified, says Sarah Norcross of the UK Progress Educational Trust． Most studies so far have found that educational achievement is influenced by a combination of thousands of genes． "We don't even understand the genetics of height yet, which is very easy to measure," says Norcross． "So we are light years from applying this type of thing to education．"
According to the study, which of the following pairs is most likely to have similar academic achievements? A．Identical twins with a shared upbringing． B．Non-identical twins with a shared upbringing． C．Identical twins with different teachers． D．Non-identical twins with the same teachers．
63、 What does Plomin think the results of the study indicate? A．The results will have a huge impact on education system． B．Children with no academic genes should be ignored． C．Teaching should be based on genetic differences between children． D．The results provide evidence against the present education system．
64、 What does Steven Rose point out as a problem of the study? A．It is feasible only when personal aptitudes are discovered． B．It doesn't identify specific genes for intelligence． C．It fails to take other possible factors into account． D．The upbringing plays a more important role in exam success．
65、 What can we learn from Plomin'．s and Rose's opinions about the present education system? A．Those children who need the most help are likely to be ignored． B．Individual differences are not paid enough attention to． C．Resources are distributed according to whether a child is "gifted" or not． D．Rote learning cannot contribute to academic achievements．
66、 What's Noreross's attitude toward applying the results of the study to education? A．Optimisti B．Pessimisti C．Neutral． D．Indifferent． Part II Reading Comprehension Part VI Translation （30 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
67、水是最常見的物質(zhì)之一，是所有生命生存的重要資源。地球表面的70％被水覆蓋，但只有2．5％是淡水，而在淡水中，易于供人類直接使用的數(shù)量不足l％。對(duì)中國而言，雖然淡水總量約28000億立方米，居世界第六位，但人均只有2200立方米，僅為世界平均水平的1／4，在世界上名列121位，是全球13個(gè)貧水國家之一。加上對(duì)水資源的污染和浪費(fèi)，我國面臨嚴(yán)重的水源危機(jī)。因此，我們迫切需要節(jié)約并保護(hù)好寶貴的淡水資源。
2、Questions 2-11 are based on the following passage． Vermont has become the first US state to require that food containing genetically modified ingredients be labelled． The law is presented as increasing consumers' (36)__________ to information, but it is unclear how it will help because scientists believe these widely-used(37)__________ are harmless． From 1 July 2016, all genetically modified (GM) food sold in Vermont must have the words "produced with genetic (38) __________" emblazoned on the packaging in a "clear and conspicuous" way． The bill was signed into law on 8 May by the state's (39)__________ Peter Shumlin． Connecticut and Maine have passed similar laws, but these will only take effect once other states join in． Vermont is the first state to require that GM food be labelled (40) __________ Almost everything in an (41)__________ grocery store in the US contains an ingredient with some level of genetic modification． Most US-grown corn and soy is genetically modified, and these are present in a wide(42) of foods． The chemical used to break down milk to make cheese, chymosin, was previously made from the processed stomachs of young calves, but is now mostly produced using genetically-engineered bacteria． Plant geneticist Patrick Byrne of Colorado State University in Fort Collins says he is (43) __________of any evidence that GM foods are harmful to humans． "Given all the hype and the fearful messages being circulated, I think a label would likely be (44) __________as a warning that you might want to avoid this product, not a neutral message," he says． "You would think there would be more concern over (45)__________ residues, or whether manure was used to produce this food," says Byrne． 注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答 A． average B． access C． intentionally D． interpreted E． pesticide F． engineering G． however H． ingredients I． governor J． engineer K． types L． variety M． unaware N． aware O． unconditionally
第36題應(yīng)填__________
3、 第37題應(yīng)填__________
4、 第38題應(yīng)填__________
5、 第39題應(yīng)填__________
6、 第40題應(yīng)填__________
7、 第41題應(yīng)填__________
8、 第42題應(yīng)填__________
9、 第43題應(yīng)填__________
10、 第44題應(yīng)填__________
11、 第45題應(yīng)填__________ 一、聽力選擇題 12、聽音頻： 點(diǎn)擊播放
回答12-36題
A． Chickens, rice, water, tea． B． Chickens, sauce, water, tea． C． Bread, rice, water, ice-cream． D． Chicken, rice, water, ice-cream．
13、 A．She just eats white meat but no red meat． B．Her meals are without meat． C．She eats meals with no or little meat． D．She just eats red meat but no white meat．
14、 A．She was not responsible for the mistake． B．The bus driver was not careful enough． C．She would like to accept the fine． D．She knew she was always careless．
15、 A．She doesn't like American food but prefer Chinese food． B．She doesn't like Korean food but prefer American food． C．She doesn't like American food but prefer Korean food． D．She doesn't like American food but prefer Brazilian food．
16、 A．Tommy has known the man for seventeen years． B．Tommy got to know the man by chance． C．Tommy asked the man to rent him a room and they knew each other． D．The man lived in rented house when he got to know Tommy．
17、 A．She thinks to breed crops selectively is different from modifying genes of crops． B．She thinks genetioally modified food is not harmful to health． C．She thinks DNA technology has a negative effect on people's life． D．She thinks genetically modified food should be banned from people's diet．
18、 A．The traffic problems result from economic development and excessive cars． B．The woman has adapted herself to the traffic in this place． C．There are fewer traffic problems in other places． D．The woman doesn't want to live in this place anymore．
19、 A．To find a emergency room nearby． B．To report his situation and location and wait for calls． C．To call the police and hospitals． D．To use GPS to locate himself．
20、聽音頻，回答下列問題． A． It suggests the difference between the women's shopping habits and that of men's． B． It suggests the difference between the women's behavior and that of men's． C． It suggests the difference between the women's brain and that of men's． D． It suggests the difference between the female's time arrangement and that of men's．
21、 A．They found that male brains have more connections on one side of the brain while female both． B．They found that men are more straightforward than women． C．They found that men are more persistent than women． D．They found that women are more efficient than men are in problem solving． 22、 A．Man may take a less direct way to its solution． B．Women may take a less direct way to its solution． C．Women's solution may be more practical． D．Men's solution may be more practical． 聽音頻，回答下列問題 ．
23、 A．The reason why overseas students coming back to their home country． B．The value of overseas study and the students' future． C．The advantage of overseas students in career choices． D．The economic reasons of studying overseas．
24、 A．She takes it as a precious experience to learn western culture． B．She takes it as an effort worth making． C．She takes it as a springboard to settle in the U．S．A．． D．She takes it as a good beginning to start her own company．
25、 A．They have contradictory views on core values． B．The developed countries are experiencing economic recessions． C．They are the only children in their family． D．The economic situation in China has boosted returnees' confidence in their career at home．
26、 A．Good communication skills and language competence． B．Good ability of interaction and adjustability． C．Good language skills, a large network and a comprehensive set of skills． D．International education background and a large network．
27、聽音頻，回答下列問題 ． A． Palliative care is medical care that could relieve their pain and suffering． B． Palliative care is medical care that could cure the disease． C． Palliative care is medical care that could make the patient comfortable． D． Palliative care is annual care of the disease．
28、 A．The patients with mental illness are fit for the palliative care． B．The patients with psychological illness are fit for the palliative care． C．The patients with curable disease are fit for the palliative care． D．The patients with incurable illness are fit for the palliative care．
29、 A．HIV is not ．included in the disease needing the palliative care． B．Obesity is not included in the disease needing the palliative care． C．Drug-resistant tuberculosis is not included in the disease needing the palliative care． D．Illness affecting heart is not included in the disease needing the palliative care．
30、聽音頻，回答下列問題 A．Laughter is good for health． B．Laughter is terrifying sometimes． C．Laughter is very comfortable． D．Laughter is good for social communication．
31、 A．They were the least likely to believe that people are being nice to them． B．They were the least likely to believe that people are making fun of them． C．They were the most likely to believe that people are making fun of them． D．They were the least likely to have no specific thought to the laughter．
32、 A．． Those who are not conversable． B．Those who are nervous． C．Those who are shy． D．Those who are not clever．
33、 聽音頻，回答下列問題． A．Dementia is the loss of physical ability． B．Dementia is the loss of self-cure ability． C．Dementia is the loss of mental ability． D．Dementia is the loss of immune ability．
34、 A．240 of those studied suffered from Alzheimer's． B．214 of those studied suffered from Alzheimer's． C．650 of those studied suffered from Alzheimer's． D．66 of those studied suffered from Alzheimer's．
35、 A．Food people eat had no effect on the age at the first sign of dementia． B．Level of education had no effect on the age at the first sign of dementia． C．Living condition had no effect on the age at the first sign of dementia． D．Medical care had no effect on the age at the first sign of dementia．
36、 A．Researchers found there was no extra gain in doing sports． B．Researchers found there was no extra gain in taking part in art activities． C．Researchers found there was no extra gain in talking to friends． D．Researchers found there was no extra gain in speaking more than two languages． 二、聽力填空 Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 37、 Even to those who study mining disasters, last week's explosion in Soma, Turkey, was shocking．The (26)_________ cause of the explosion is unknown, but it is thought to have started with a spark from electrical equipment that ignited coal dust or methane． The (27)_________ is nearly 300, and dozens of people are still missing． While citizens in Turkey respond with angry protests, engineers around the world are working to prepare fleets of robots to help with the next disaster． Mine explosions like the one in Turkey are (28)_________ caused when methane gas builds up and (29)_________ , and the flames are carried quickly by flammable coal dust hanging in the air． Other countries like the US and the UK have adopted relatively low-tech (30)_________ prevent explosions and keep them from spreading, such as putting steel boxes around (31) to contain sparks, or spreading stone dust throughout the mine to dilute the coal dust and (32)_________ the flames． But when things go wrong, a burned-out mine can be a dangerous place for rescue workers． So mine safety engineers want to send robots to scout ahead of humans to test the air quality and find safe(33)_________ to trapped survivors, and perhaps even carry them out． Such efforts have been (34)_________ challenges． After the Crandall Canyon mine in Utah collapsed in 2007, killing six miners, a camera scout robot got stuck in a borehole． There are signs that the technology is (35) _________． This week, the US Office of Mine Safety and Health Research called for proposals for robots that can be lowered into boreholes, explore up to about 1,000 meters ahead of rescue teams, and act as pack mules． 請(qǐng)回答第26題_________
38、 請(qǐng)回答第27題_________
39、 請(qǐng)回答第28題_________
40、 請(qǐng)回答第29題_________
41、 請(qǐng)回答第30題_________
42、 請(qǐng)回答第31題_________
43、 請(qǐng)回答第32題_________
44、 請(qǐng)回答第33題_________
45、 請(qǐng)回答第34題_________
46、 請(qǐng)回答第35題_________ Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
47、根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容回答47-56題 Apps Designed for Distracted Drivers A． Marry Williams recalls the conversations he and his wife would have with their two daughters about the dangers of talking and texting while driving．．"It's always a concern," said Williams． "We just drilled it into their heads over and over until they said 'Okay, we get it,' and when we saw something [about the dangers of drivers texting] on TV we made sure they saw it, too．" B． Parents like Williams have good reason to worry． Half of teens say they tall on a cell phone while driving, a third say they swap text messages, and almost half say they've been a passenger in a vehicle with a teen driver whose phone use put them at risk, according to federal statistics． Teen drivers are more likely to get into a fatal crash than anyone under the age of 80, in part because their brains are still developing the system that evaluates risk． C． These days, however, there's an app for that, several of them, in fact． There are apps that prevent mobile-device use while driving, and some of them alert parents or employers when a user tries to beat the system．They've emerged on the market as alarm grows over the carnage caused by distracted driving． D． More than 3,300 people die and 420,000 are injured annually in crashes attributed to distracted drivers． But those numbers may be low because, other than a driver's admission of fault, it's a challenge to prove that distraction caused a crash． Among all drivers involved in fatal crashes, teens were the most likely to have been distracted, National Highway Traffic Administration data show． "They feel invincible," said Jurek Grabowski, director of research at the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety． "They have large social networks and they want to stay in contact with them．" E． Conversations on the go, texting, surfing the Internet and taking selfies (自拍) are such a habit among teens that studies show they underestimate the risk． Teens make up a significant percentage of the approximately 660,000 drivers who are having phone conversations or manipulating electronic devices while driving at any given moment during daylight hours in the United States． And most teenagers who chat, text or surf while driving are breaking the law． The District and 37 states--including Maryland and Virginia--ban novice drivers from talking on the phone while driving． The three local jurisdictions (管轄區(qū)) and 41 other states bar all drivers from sending and receiving text messages while driving． But respect for those laws is similar to that given the speed limit． F． "We need to almost turn this thing into a brick," David Coleman said recently, holding up his cell phone while sitting in a Bowie Starbucks． "It can't just be about texting． It has to be about e-mail, Facebook and no inappropriate calls．" Coleman is marketing director for Louisiana-based Cellcontrol, one of several companies competing for the chance to shut down people's mobile devices while they're driving． Most of the companies that sell cell phone service--Verizon, AT&T, Sprint and others--also provide apps that can limit access． G． Many of the apps are triggered when a GPS sensor detects that a vehicle is in motion, and some—such as AT&T's DriveMode---will alert parents or employers when the app has been turned off or disabled．Independent experts consider that a feature buyers should look for． "Especially for younger drivers． As clever as you can be, they will be more clever," said Leo McCloskey, a tech specialist for the Intelligent Transportation Society of America． "The best way to do it is to integrate the device with the vehicle so that you could have more precise control．" H． That precise control means that parents or employers can select the features they want to allow their drivers to use and block those that worry them． "It's important to have a solid oversight function so that use can be monitored by a fleet (車隊(duì)) manager or parent," said Russ Rader of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety． "Cellcontrol is one of the better, most complete systems． TeenSafer is another one that we've looked at that works pretty well．．These products are going to be the most useful for fleet operators and for parents trying to control phone use by their driving teens． Both Cellcontrol and TeenSafer will report attempts to disrupt the system．" I． Businesses that send fleets of cars, vans or trucks onto the streets have shown increasing interest in those products, as juries have issued multimillion-dollar rewards to those injured or killed by distracted drivers who were on the job． J． Systems integrated into the vehicle are triggered when the car or truck begins to move． "We're not guessing based on a satellite, we're depending on the vehicle to tell us," said Cellcontrol's Coleman as he spent a morning demonstrating his company's product in Prince George's County． "Otherwise, how do I know you're not on a Greyhound bus or on a plane that has landed and is taxiing (滑行) to the gate?" K． Cellcontrol provides two options for connecting to a vehicle． One is a device the size of an E-Zpass transponder (電子收費(fèi)應(yīng)答器) that is glued to the windshield with the same adhesive material used to secure rearview mirrors． The more sophisticated choice plugs in to a vehicle's diagnostic computer port． The $129-system works with iPhones, Androids, BlackBerrys and Windows Mobile． L． The system involves an app that is downloaded to the phone of the driver--teenager or employee． The key to the system is software that can be installed on a home computer, tablet or mobile device that allows an authorized person--parent or boss--to customize what the driver is permitted to do, and to monitor compliance (遵從)． "We're not blocking the signal, we're allowing a protective policy to be brought into the device," he said． "The administrator has the option to make the policy as restrictive as possible, or not．" For example, phone use could be restricted to a hands-free device． Or calls could be restricted to an emergency number or a parent or office． Or parents could attempt to mandate (命令) that all passengers in the car driven by their teenager download the app． "You could decide this is the kids' car and we don't want a stupid sitting in the passenger's seat showing the driver YouTube videos," Coleman said． M． Coleman demonstrated how his phone was pre-programmed to go into safe mode when he drove, but when handed to a passenger it was fully operative． A second phone he brought along went into safe mode when the car was moving, regardless of whether it was in his hands or those of a passenger． Acknowledging that parents are dealing with a technology-savvy (精通科技的) generation and that employers exist in a technologically smart world, Coleman said, "We've built in some traps and fail-safes (故障安全裝置) to notify the parent or employer．" N． McCloskey said that companies like Cellcontrol that provide integrated services are "where we need to go．" "The operating system of the phone itself can interact with the operating system of the vehicle in such a way that services can be authorized, services can be presented, and services can be consumed all in a safe and predictable manner," McCloskey said． O． Although he is concerned about distracted driving, McCloskey thinks it as a relatively short-term problem．"In the medium to long term, as autonomous vehicles really start making a mark, all this goes away as a concern," he said．
The deaths and injuries caused by distracted driving may be underestimated due to the difficulty to identify the role of distraction in an accident．
48、 McCloskey believes that distracted driving will no longer be a problem with the emergence of autonomous vehicles．
49、 Williams made every effort to raise his teens' awareness about the danger of phone use while driving．
50、 Cellcontrol is recommended as one of the best systems available for those parents who worry about the safety of their driving teens．
51、 Cellcontrol makes it possible that parents control the phone use of the passengers when their child's is the driver．
52、 The laws in many parts of the US restrict phone use while driving, which are nevertheless poorly observed in practice．
53、 Coleman demonstrated his company's product with two cell phones functioning in different ways．
54、 Statistics show that phone use is a common phenomenon among teen drivers, which may lead to deadly traffic accidents．
55、 Some companies suffered a huge economic loss due to their employees' distracted driving．
56、 The system of Cellcontrol can be integrated into a vehicle in two different ways． Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
57、Questions 57-66 are based on the following passage． "Does my smile look big in this?" Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look--and hence feel--happier, encouraging you to like what you see． That's the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan． The system can manipulate your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face． The principle that physiological (生理的) changes can drive emotional ones－that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around--is a well-established idea． The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel． The system works by presenting the user with a webcam (網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭) image of his or her face--as if they were looking in a mirror． The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the comers of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown． Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task． When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt． When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier．Conversely, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy． Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers' emotional state would influence their preferences． Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image． The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely． The system could be used to manipulate consumers' impressions of products, say the researchers． For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections． They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on． "It's certainly an interesting area," says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK． But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions． "Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring, that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging," he says． Of course, there are also important ethical questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology．"You could argue that if it makes people happy what harm is it doing?" says Creed． "But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out．"
What's the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System? A．To see whether one's feeling can be unconsciously affected． B．To see whether one's facial expressions can be altered． C．To see whether laughter comes before happiness． D．To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms．
58、 What can we learn about the webcam image in the study? A．It recorded the volunteers' performance in the task． B．It gave the volunteers an illusion． C．It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier． D．It altered the volunteers' looks in the mirror．
59、 What would probably happen if the researchers' suggestions were to be taken? A．People would totally change their personal preferences． B．People would feel cheated and angry． C．People would buy some clothes they don't like． D．People would try on more clothes they like．
60、 What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology? A．It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes． B．It only works in clothing stores． C．It only makes subtle changes to people's expressions． D．It only deals with a．limited number of facial expressions．
61、 What does Creed's comment on the ethical issues with this technology imply? A．Nothing is more important than happiness． B．People should make their decisions independently． C．Technology is unable to manipulate people． D．People should not base their happiness on technology．
62、Questions 62-71 are based on the following passage． Recently, a controversial study on twins claims to provide evidence that the genes we inherit have a bigger impact on exam success than schooling and parenting． The study was designed by Robert Plomin at King's College London and his colleagues, to make clear the impact of genes and the environment on educational achievement． The key objective was to see how exam scores varied from the national average depending on whether twins had the same genetic make-up, as identical twins do, or shared only half of their genes, which is true for non-identical twins． Each pair shared the same environment and schooling． It seems that nature defeats nurture． The team looked at 5474 pairs of twins--2008 of them identical--and analyzed their achievement in GCSEs (普通中等教育證書) ． They found that genetics accounted for 52 percent of the differences between exam scores． A shared upbringing accounted for 36 per cent of the differences, with the remainder influenced by other factors that weren't shared, such as having a different teacher． What does this mean for children who haven't inherited academic genes? "Marginalization (邊緣化) of the 'less gifted' does not follow from finding genetic influence on educational achievement," says Plomin．"If anything the opposite is true--we need to provide more resources for those who need the most help．" Plomin also says that, although it is too early for these results to have an impact on our education system, the findings should inform debate on how education is delivered． "One strong implication of recognizing genetically driven differences between children is to personalize education as much as possible, rather than imposing a one-size-fits-all (一刀切) approach," he says． Some researchers are suspicious, including Steven Rose of the UK's Open University． He says that twin studies are "subject to difficulties of interpretation"． For instance, the unusual upbringings of identical twins---often wearing exactly the same clothes or being confused with one another---constitute an environmental impact that could be overlooked． But he agrees with Plomin that child-focused rather than rote (死記硬背) education is the way forward． "In an ideal school environment, individual aptitudes should be encouraged, but you don't need to, and nor would it be feasible to sequence a child's genome (基因組)to discover what these aptitudes might be," he says． Even if it were possible to analyze every child's genetics, no single genes for intelligence have yet been identified, says Sarah Norcross of the UK Progress Educational Trust． Most studies so far have found that educational achievement is influenced by a combination of thousands of genes． "We don't even understand the genetics of height yet, which is very easy to measure," says Norcross． "So we are light years from applying this type of thing to education．"
According to the study, which of the following pairs is most likely to have similar academic achievements? A．Identical twins with a shared upbringing． B．Non-identical twins with a shared upbringing． C．Identical twins with different teachers． D．Non-identical twins with the same teachers．
63、 What does Plomin think the results of the study indicate? A．The results will have a huge impact on education system． B．Children with no academic genes should be ignored． C．Teaching should be based on genetic differences between children． D．The results provide evidence against the present education system．
64、 What does Steven Rose point out as a problem of the study? A．It is feasible only when personal aptitudes are discovered． B．It doesn't identify specific genes for intelligence． C．It fails to take other possible factors into account． D．The upbringing plays a more important role in exam success．
65、 What can we learn from Plomin'．s and Rose's opinions about the present education system? A．Those children who need the most help are likely to be ignored． B．Individual differences are not paid enough attention to． C．Resources are distributed according to whether a child is "gifted" or not． D．Rote learning cannot contribute to academic achievements．
66、 What's Noreross's attitude toward applying the results of the study to education? A．Optimisti B．Pessimisti C．Neutral． D．Indifferent． Part II Reading Comprehension Part VI Translation （30 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
67、水是最常見的物質(zhì)之一，是所有生命生存的重要資源。地球表面的70％被水覆蓋，但只有2．5％是淡水，而在淡水中，易于供人類直接使用的數(shù)量不足l％。對(duì)中國而言，雖然淡水總量約28000億立方米，居世界第六位，但人均只有2200立方米，僅為世界平均水平的1／4，在世界上名列121位，是全球13個(gè)貧水國家之一。加上對(duì)水資源的污染和浪費(fèi)，我國面臨嚴(yán)重的水源危機(jī)。因此，我們迫切需要節(jié)約并保護(hù)好寶貴的淡水資源。