★ 考試結(jié)束前
全國(guó)2013年1月高等教育自學(xué)考試
基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)試題
課程代碼：00088
請(qǐng)考生按規(guī)定用筆將所有試題的答案涂、寫在答題紙上。
選擇題部分
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的考試課程名稱、姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆填寫在答題紙規(guī)定的位置上。
2. 每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題紙上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在試題卷上。
一、詞匯應(yīng)用和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)（本大題共30小題，每小題1分，共30分）
（一）詞匯應(yīng)用（15分）
選擇佳答案完成句子，并將“答題紙”的相應(yīng)代碼涂黑。錯(cuò)涂、多涂或未涂均無(wú)分。
1. He has high blood pressure so he has to____ medicine regularly.
A. swallowB. drinkC. eatD. take
2. It’s hard to ____with her political opinions.
A. sympathizeB. argueC. agreeD. select
3. We plan to promote ____growth through research and development.
A. economist’s B. economicalC. economicD. economist
4. A computer system is ____of software and hardware.
A. includedB. composedC. consistedD. made
5. We can be ____a lot by reading books widely.
A. determinedB. accusedC. informedD. laughed
6. ____meeting you here after so many years.
A. FansB. ImageC. ImagineD. Fancy
7. As a citizen, I have to pay ____to the government so that it can pay for public services.
A. moneyB. privilege C. taxD. tariff
8. Trying to expand their business too quickly brought about their ____.
A. make-out B. turnover C. outputD. downfall
9. In facing uncertainty and changes, we need courage to persevere and to ____on.
A. placeB. pressC. dealD. put
10. We ____using a compression stuff sack to compress the bag to its smallest size.
A. interestedB. persuadedC. suggestedD. opposed
11. History shows that wars are ____two kinds, just and unjust.
A. divided intoB. resulted fromC. prior toD. determined by
12. ____means the process of causing the quality of something to become worse.
A. MisconductB. InsufficiencyC. DegradationD. Prodigality
13. The promise of an extra holiday was a ____to them.
A. upswingB. sensationC. strainD. stimulus
14. While I was listening to the music, an ____feeling of homesickness surged in me.
A. intentionalB. intenseC. intendingD. intended
15. The ____cat my son found in the park has become a member of our family.
A. wildB. savageC. cruel D. fierce
（二）語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)（15分）
選擇佳答案完成句子，并將“答題紙”的相應(yīng)代碼涂黑。錯(cuò)涂、多涂或未涂均無(wú)分。
16. It is superior ____iron ____strength, hardness, and elasticity.
A. to, inB. than, inC. to, onD. than, on
17. If you would like any further information, I ____be very pleased to supply it.
A. can B. would C. should D. ought to
18. I was used ____in noisy rooms.
A. to workingB. to workC. workD. working
19. Here’s the precious stone from ____we extract the radioactive metal.
A. where B. whom C. that D. which
20. The students find it difficult to take ____what the teacher says.
A. on B. over C. in D. back
21. You ____say anything if you don’t want to.
A. can’tB. haven’t to C. mustn’t D. needn’t
22. I ____in the downpour last night, so I was wet through.
A. was caughtB. caught C. was catchingD. had been caught
23. The lifestyle of people decides the style of ____.
A. the furnitureB. furnituresC. furnitureD. a furniture
24. Many a great man ____only through trial and error.
A. have succeeded B. has succeeded
C. have successfulD. has successful
25. I felt ____my heart would burst with joy.
A. likeB. as C. as soon asD. as if
26. ____disappeared than I heard a rustling of leaves behind me and a man stepped out.
A. No sooner had he B. No sooner he had
C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had
27. Traveling helps you to make new friends ____you go, since you are bound to meet with different people.
A. however B. whatever C. whereverD. where
28. ____my personality, my ideal life will be that of a scientist, researching, lecturing, and writing books.
A. Judging fromB. Judged fromC. To judge fromD. Judge from
29. By 1999, more than 5 million households ____life insurance online.
A. would have researchedB. have researched
C. researched D. had researched
30. It is this terrible wastefulness ____has got us into the mess we are in now.
A. whereB. thatC. whichD. this
二、改錯(cuò) （本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）
下面句子中有 A,B,C,D四個(gè)劃底線部分，其中有一個(gè)是錯(cuò)誤的，選出錯(cuò)誤部分的字母，無(wú)需改正錯(cuò)誤,并將“答題紙”的相應(yīng)代碼涂黑。錯(cuò)涂、多涂或未涂均無(wú)分。
31. If banks charge higher interest for loans to builders, how will that affect the cost of a new
A B C D
house?
32. Every word on a label is important in protecting you and your family from tricked by
A B C
dangerous quackery.
D
33. There is not just enough room to grow food for such a large population even though British
A B C
agriculture is the most machine in the world.
D
34. Some doctors believe that as much as 30% of their patients are not suffering from real
A B C
illnesses at all .
D
35. In warmer regions of the world, the people dressing themselves in clothing made from
A B C
leaves, tree barks, and woven grasses.
D
36. Under the bright sunshine far away from the sea, the once beautiful coral becomes no
A B C
more than a pale and stiff skeleton.
D
37. We shall be only so pleased to hear from you further and know everything goes well
A B C D
with you.
38. The demand deposits placed in banks, coupling with the fractional reserve principle,
A B C
give bankers the great power in economy.
D
39. They sent us a good supply of their advertising matters through air for distribution
A B C D
among our customers.
40. Despite of the bitterly cold weather, they set out with determination.
A B C D
三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，每小題1分，共15分）
選擇佳答案完成句子，并將“答題紙”的相應(yīng)代碼涂黑。錯(cuò)涂、多涂或未涂均無(wú)分。
My husband and I are Danish. As a 41 of fact, many of my 42 were English. I was born in England and was originally 43 British nationality.
We returned to England last February at five o’ clock 44 a Wednesday morning after a rough crossing. Waves which seemed as 45 as mountains rocked the boat from side to side. We were both sick on the journey and a fine drizzle 46 us as we disembarked. To make matters 47 , I lost the gold bracelet which I had 48 from my mother. We nearly forgot to tip the taxi-driver, who grumbled about our luggage and seemed to be in a thoroughly bad
49 . Few visitors 50 such an unfortunate beginning to their stay, and we certainly felt like 51 home again.
We stayed for a week in a hotel, and were then 52 enough to find a furnished bungalow （平房）in the suburbs of London. It is not so convenient as our flat in 53 , capital of my country, but it is less expensive than some we saw advertised. My husband is studying at the local technical college, chiefly to improve 54 English. He is a qualified engineer who has been employed for several years in a factory. I am working as a part-time nurse in a hospital, which is within 55 .
41. A. note B. part C. source D. matter
42. A. offspring B. descendants C. ancestors D. parents
43. A. from B. of C. at D. in
44. A. on B. in C. / D. after
45. A. near B. high C. long D. far
46. A. met B. happened C. occurred D. experienced
47. A. awful B. bad C. worse D. better
48. A. made B. brought C. bought D. inherited
49. A. eye B. sensation C. feeling D. temper
50. A. can have experienced B. can experience
C. can’t have experienced D. must have experienced
51. A. to go straight B. going straight
C. to go straightly D. going straightly
52. A. famous B. unfortunate C. lucky D. bad
53. A. Helsinki B. Copenhagen C. Switzerland D. Sweden
54. A. another B. a C. his D. the
55. A. ten minutes’drive B. ten minute’s drive
C. ten-minutes drive D. ten-minutes’drive
四、閱讀理解（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）
本部分有兩篇短文，每篇短文后有五個(gè)問(wèn)題,每個(gè)問(wèn)題有四個(gè)供選擇的答案，請(qǐng)選擇一個(gè)佳答案。并將“答題紙”的相應(yīng)代碼涂黑。錯(cuò)涂、多涂或未涂均無(wú)分。
Passage 1
More than 300,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third-floor window. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you can be fined up to $50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.
Forever, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.
56. The text is taken from ____.
A. a medical magazineB. a police report
C. a legal documentD. a government information booklet
57. Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle ____.
A. reduces road accidents by more than half
B. saves lives while driving at a speed up to 30 miles per hour
C. reduces the death rate in traffic accidents
D. saves more than 15,000 lives each year
58. It is the driver’s responsibility to ____.
A. make the front passengers wear a seat belt
B. make the front children under 14 wear a seat belt
C. stop children riding in the front seat
D. wear a seat belt each time he drives
59. According to the passage, which of the following people riding in the front does not have to wear a seat belt?
A. Someone who is backing into a parking space.
B. Someone who is picking up the children from the local school.
C. Someone who is delivering invitation letters.
D. Someone who is under 14.
60. For some people, it may be better ____.
A. to wear a seat belt for health reasons
B. not to wear a seat belt for health reasons
C. to get a valid medical certificate before wearing a seat belt
D. to pay a fine rather than wear a seat belt
Passage 2
America’s genius with high technology may have put men on the moon, but people are still suspicious about its ability to solve human problems closer to home. In fact, a subtle but significant shift from purely technological solutions is already under way as scientists argue openly for new directions in research.
A growing number of scientists insist that answers to the world’s problems will not come from a flashier array of electronics and machines. What the Indian farmer needs is some innovative “l(fā)ow” technology—for example, a better onepiece plow that can be pulled by a water buffalo. So solutions must develop from a better understanding of the humans that drive the system and from a fuller appreciation of the limits and potentials of the earth’s resources.
Industrial officials are concerned by a declining rate of innovation in technology. Patent applications by Americans have been dropping in the US since 1997. Yet many scientists seem to be saying: The need for better televisions, bigger power plants and faster airplanes is not so urgent. The market in the industrialized nations for this kind of technology is actually reaching a saturation point. All this does not say that technological creativity will not play a critical role in solving energy and food shortages, or that answers to environmental difficulties will not come from further advances in the same technologies that may have helped cause the problems. Where the real challenge lies, in the view of the new scientist, is in finding ways to produce goods to meet the world’s needs, using less of the raw materials that are becoming scarce.
61. “Human problems” in paragraph 1 refers to the following EXCEPT ____.
A. energy shortage B. food shortage
C. environmental pollution D. population control
62. According to the passage, the markets in the industrialized nations for high technology are ____.
A. promising B. developing rapidly
C. coinciding with the low technology D. almost reaching its limits
63. Which of the following best summarizes the theme of the passage?
A. Human problems cannot be solved by the technology.
B. Technology, in whatever form, should meet the needs of the humans.
C. High technology is greatly needed in industrialized nations.
D. How people will make use of raw materials in developing technology.
64. What does the world “Saturation” in the last paragraph mean?
A. hungry B. desperate C. full D. satisfactory
65. What is the writer’s attitude toward human problems in the passage?
A. hopeful B. pessimistic C. critical D. indifferent
非選擇題部分
注意事項(xiàng)：
用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆將答案寫在答題紙上，不能答在試題卷上。
五、單詞或短語(yǔ)的英漢互譯（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）
(一) 將下列詞語(yǔ)譯成中文 （5分）
66. product dependability
67. solar power
68. the required reserve
69. inventory carrying costs
70. GDP
（二）將下列詞語(yǔ)譯成英文 （5分）
71. 貿(mào)易差額
72. 所得稅
73. 比較優(yōu)勢(shì)
74. 可自由支配的收入
75. 需求曲線
六、 英漢句子互譯 (本大題共4小題，共15分）
（一）將下列句子譯成中文
76. Not a few people are vulnerable to advertisement. (4分)
77. The value of iron rests upon its cheapness and its adaptability to an enormous number of uses. (4分)
（二）將下列句子譯成英文
78. 用批量生產(chǎn)方法可降低生產(chǎn)成本。 (3分)
79. 雖然日本的火車通常很擁擠，但火車很好，總是準(zhǔn)時(shí)出站和進(jìn)站。 (4分)