以下是為大家整理的關(guān)于《英語語法：高中英語反意疑問句精講》文章，供大家學(xué)習(xí)參考！
反意疑問句是附加在陳述句之后，對陳述句所表示的事實或觀點提出疑問的句子.附加疑問實際上是一種簡略的一般疑問句。反意疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)：陳述句（主語+謂語……），+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞+主語（代詞形式）？ 說明：陳述句部分如果是肯定句，反意疑問句，疑問句部分的助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞+not （否定提問）；如果陳述句部分是否定句，反意疑問句，疑問句部分用肯定式提問。 一、反意疑問句：依據(jù)陳述句的主語 1. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為： this,that,everything,anything,something,nothing等時,反意疑問句的主語用it。 This is the man you are going to see,isn't it?這就是你要見的那個人,對嗎？ That's a lovely dress,isn't it?那是一套美麗可人的衣服,不是嗎？ Under the direction of Professor Lee,everything goes well,doesn't it?在李教授的指導(dǎo)下,一切運行正常,不是嗎? Something is the matter with his voice,isn't it?他的嗓音有些不對頭,不是嗎? Anything that smells of cold war should be avoided,shouldn't it?凡有冷戰(zhàn)意味的言行都應(yīng)避免,對嗎? Nothing can excuse such carelessness,can it?如此疏忽大意是絕不能原諒的,不是嗎？ 2. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為： anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,somebody,someone,nobody,no one,these,those等時,反意疑問句中的主語用they。 Anyone over eighteen years of age counts as adult,don't they?凡是超過18歲的都算成年人,不是嗎? Anybody can enter for the competition,can't they?任何人都能參與競爭,是嗎？ Everyone pronounced the dinner to be very good,didn't they?人人都稱這頓飯菜好,不是嗎? Everybody stands up when the judge enters the court,don't they?法官進入法庭時所有的人都起立,對嗎? Somebody tried to gatecrash,didn't they?有人想無票入場,是不是？ Someone stole his wallet on the bus,didn't they?有人在公共汽車上偷了他的錢包,是不是？ Nobody says a word about the incident,do they?對于這場事故人們守口如瓶,是嗎? No one could match the skill of the well-known archer,could they?沒有哪個人的技藝能比得上那位出名的射箭運動員,不是嗎? These are the parcels full of the effects of dead soldiers,aren't they?這些是裝滿士兵遺物的包裹,對嗎? Those who were once for him have turned against him,haven't they?那些原來支持他的人現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)而反對他,是嗎？ 3. 當(dāng)陳述句主語為such時,反意疑問句的主謂語的數(shù)隨主句謂語而定。主語為單數(shù)時用it,主語為復(fù)數(shù)時用they。 Such is life,isn't it?人生就是這樣,不是嗎? Such is his trick,isn't it?這就是他的詭計,對嗎? Such are the most powerful voices of our times,aren't they?這些就是我們時代的最有力的聲音,不是嗎? Such are your excuses,aren't they?這些就是你的借口,對嗎？ 4. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語是動詞不定式、動名詞時,反意疑問句的主語用it。 To kick a cat is a cruel act,isn't it?踢貓是殘忍的行為,不是嗎? To argue with him is like beating the air,isn't it?和他辯論是白費氣力,不是嗎? Doing crosswards gives some exercise to the mind,doesn't it?做縱橫字謎游戲能鍛煉腦筋,不是嗎? Doing morning exercises has helped to improve her health,hasn't it?做早操有助于增進她的健康,是嗎？ 5. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為each of...結(jié)構(gòu)時,反意疑問句主語用he,she或it時強調(diào)“各個,各自”;用we,you或they時強調(diào)“全體”。 Each of the visitors was presented with a souvenir,isn't he?每位來賓都得到了紀(jì)念品,是嗎? Each of us have got the prize,haven't we?我們每位都得了獎,不是嗎？ 6. 當(dāng)陳述句主語為one時,反意疑問句的主語在正式場合用one,非正式場合用you。 One should be exact in his statement,shouldn't one?一個人說話應(yīng)該嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),不是嗎? One should do one's best for the country,shouldn't one?人應(yīng)對自己的國家盡忠,不是嗎? One could hear every subject under the sun being hotly discussed,couldn't you?你們可以聽到人們天南海北什么都談得很熱烈,不是嗎？ 7. none of...結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時,反意疑問句謂語動詞的數(shù)和人稱要同前面的陳述部分一致。 None of his relatives are close by,are they?他的親戚沒有一個關(guān)系密切的,是嗎? None of his arguments seems to me to hold water,does it?在我看來,他的論點沒有一個能成立,不是嗎? None of the others have lived my experience,have they?別人都不曾有過我這樣的經(jīng)歷,不是嗎？ 8. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語是含有I的兩人時,其反意疑問句中的主語用we。 You and I will go there together tomorrow,won't we?我和你明天一起去那里,好嗎? You and I drew the plan,didn't we?我和你起草的計劃,不是嗎？ 9. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語是類似于whisky and soda的混合物或類似于love and care為同一概念時,其反意疑問句中的主語用it。 Whisky and soda sells well here,doesn't it?摻有蘇打水的威士忌在這兒銷路不錯,不是嗎? The love and care she gets from her husband is intense,isn't it?她從丈夫那兒得到的關(guān)愛是強烈的,不是嗎？
二、反意疑問句：依據(jù)陳述句的謂語 1. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語動詞為have作“有”解時,反意疑問句可用have,也可用do。 Humans have two legs,haven't they?人有兩條腿,不是嗎? Hollywood has many old movie sets,hasn't it?好萊塢有許多老式電影布景,不是嗎? He doesn't have skill at writing,does he?他沒有寫作技巧,不是嗎? They don't have the sense to admit defeat,do they?他們不懂得承認(rèn)失敗,不是嗎？ 2. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語動詞為have作“經(jīng)歷,遭受,得到,吃”等解時,疑問部分只用do的適當(dāng)形式。 You had a wonderful time in park yesterday,didn't you?昨天你們在公園玩得愉快極了,是嗎? That day he did not have a bite of food from five in the morning till nine in the evening,did he?那天,他從早晨5點到晚上9點連一口飯都沒吃,是嗎? Lots of girls here have influenza,don't they? 這兒好些女孩患了流感,是嗎？ 3. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語動詞含有have/has/had to時,疑問部分用do的適當(dāng)形式。 Children have to learn to join up their letters,don't they?孩子們得學(xué)會拼寫單詞,不是嗎? You have to live with the fact that you've lost all your money,don't you?你不得不接受你丟了所有的錢這個事實,不是嗎? We had to find somewhere to stop for lunch,didn't we?我們得找個地方停下來吃午飯,不是嗎? He had to satisfy all claims for the damage he had caused,didn't he?他必須賠償他造成的所有損失,不是嗎？ 4. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語動詞為系動詞時,疑問部分要重復(fù)這些系動詞。陳述句謂語若是am,疑問部分要用aren't I(或ain't I)否定,而不用an't I或am not I。 You weren't very nice to me last Saturday,were you?上星期六你對我不太好,是不是？ The circus were very good,weren't they?這個馬戲團很不錯,不是嗎？ Loneliness was a matter of feeling time hanging heavy on your hands,wasn't it?寂寞這玩意兒就是自覺閑得無聊的感受,不是嗎？ Mary's new boyfriend is quite a dish,isn't he?瑪麗新交的男朋友挺帥的,是不是? You're very fast,aren't you?你動作很快,對吧？ You're not going out in those clothes,are you?你們沒有穿那些衣服外出,是嗎？ I'm very pleased with what he has done,aren't I?我對他所做的一切感到很滿意,不是嗎? I'm tired of seeing all these repeats on television,ain't I?那些重復(fù)的電視節(jié)目我都看膩了,不是嗎？ 5. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語動詞為“助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋實義動詞”時,疑問部分要重復(fù)這些助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。 You won't go swimming tomorrow,will you?你明天不去游泳,是嗎？ You'll only tell it to Father,won't you?你只會把這件事告訴爸爸,不是嗎？ You will remember about watering the flowers,won't you?記住給花澆水,行嗎？ You can't see people starve without trying to help them,can you?你不會坐視人們挨餓而不去想辦法幫助他們的,是吧? 6. need和dare用作情態(tài)動詞時,疑問部分用need或dare。 We needn't hurry with our meeting,need we?我們用不著匆忙開會,是嗎? He needn't have gone there yesterday,need he?他昨天其實不必去那兒,是嗎? She daren't touch lobster,dare she?她不敢吃龍蝦,是嗎? He dare do it,daren't he?他敢做這件事,不是嗎？ 7. need和dare用作行為動詞時,疑問部分用do或does。 He dares any danger,doesn't he?他敢于冒任何風(fēng)險,不是嗎? He didn't dare to speak to her,did he?他不敢和她說話,是嗎? He didn't need to be reminded about it,did he?不必向他提醒那件事,是嗎？ 8. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語部分含有used to時,疑問部分常用usedn't或didn't兩種形式。但是,如果是there used to be...句型,反意疑問句用wasn't/weren't there。 In former times,people used to fight with swords,usedn't they?早些時候,人們用劍格斗,是嗎? He used to be quite a good player,didn't he?他曾是個相當(dāng)好的運動員,不是嗎? There used to be a hole in the fence,wasn't there?以前籬笆上有一個口子,是嗎? There used to be a big and beautiful garden at the back of their house,wasn't there?以前在他們房子的后方是一個美麗的大花園,是嗎？ 9. 謂語部分含有had better的陳述句的反意疑問句用hadn't。 You had better discuss with her the disposal of the furniture,hadn't you?你和她討論一下如何布置家具,不是嗎? We had better treat it as a joke,hadn't we?我們把它當(dāng)作玩笑,不是嗎？ 10. 謂語部分含有would rather的陳述句的反意疑問句用wouldn't。 He'd rather that it hadn't happened,wouldn't he?他寧愿沒有發(fā)生過這樣的事,不是嗎？ 11. 謂語部分含有would like的陳述句的反意疑問句用wouldn't。 He would like to back out of the contract,wouldn't he?他想取消這個合同,是嗎? She'd like to be a film actress,wouldn't she?她想當(dāng)電影演員,是嗎? He'd like to go,wouldn't he?他要走,是嗎？ 12. 謂語部分含有ought to的陳述句的反意疑問句用shouldn't或oughtn't。 He ought to be in London by now,shouldn't he?此刻他應(yīng)該在倫敦了,不是嗎? You ought to keep your passions under control,oughtn't you?你應(yīng)該抑制住你的憤怒,不是嗎？ 13. 當(dāng)陳述句的謂語動詞是表示愿望的wish時,反意疑問句中謂語要用may,而且前后兩個部分均用肯定形式。 I wish to change some pocket money,may I?我希望換些零錢,行嗎? I wish to speak to you in private,may I?我希望私下和你談?wù)?可以嗎? I wish to use your car,may I?我想借你的車用一下,行嗎？ 14. 陳述句中must表猜測時,其后動詞的類屬和時態(tài)不同,反意疑問句也不同；must表必要性時,反意疑問句常用must或need的適當(dāng)形式。 Your mother must be anxious to know the particulars,isn't she?你的母親一定急于了解詳情,是嗎? The student must be working very hard,isn't he?這個學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一定很刻苦,是嗎? You must have seen the film last week,didn't you?你上星期一定看過這部電影了,是嗎? The thief must have entered by the rear door,hasn't he?小偷一定是從后門進來的,不是嗎? You mustn't sort with thieves,must you?你絕不能與盜賊為伍,不是嗎? A judge must deal out justice to all men,needn't he?法官必須對每個人都公正,不是嗎？ 15. 當(dāng)陳述句中的謂語動詞含有may或might時,反意疑問句要用may或might的適當(dāng)形式(偶爾也用will表示請求)。 I may have made a mistake in the count,mayn't I?我在數(shù)的過程中有可能數(shù)錯了,不是嗎? The experience may have been long in your memory,mayn't it?經(jīng)驗在你的記憶中可能會永存,不是嗎? You might have tried to be a little quieter last night,mightn't you?昨晚你本應(yīng)該安靜點的,不是嗎? You might tell them that I hope to be back tomorrow night,will you?你可以告訴他們,我希望明晚回來,行嗎？ 三、復(fù)合句的反意疑問句 1. 若陳述句為含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句,反意疑問句的謂語動詞和主語代詞一般同主句的謂語動詞和主語保持一致。 He never said she would come,did he?他從未說過她要來,是嗎? You never told us why you were late for the last meeting,did you?你從未告訴過我們你上次會議遲到的原因,不是嗎? She hesitated whether she should take our advice,didn't she?她對是否要接受我們的勸告猶豫不定,不是嗎？ 2. 若陳述句為“I (don't) think/believe/suppose/figure/assume/fancy/imagine/reckon/expect/feel等＋賓語從句”,反意疑問句的謂語動詞和主語應(yīng)同賓語從句的謂語動詞和主語保持一致,如果主句是否定式,反意疑問句要用肯定式。 I don't think that you will love her,will you?我認(rèn)為你不會愛她的,是吧？ I don't believe that they have finished the work,have they?我認(rèn)為他們還沒完成工作,不是嗎? I fancied that I had met with him before,hadn't I?我想我以前見過他,不是嗎? I figured that you wouldn't come,would you?我料想你不會來,是嗎? We reckon that the building will be finished in September,won't it?我估計這棟樓房將在9月建成,對嗎? I don't suppose anyone will volunteer,will they?我想沒人會自愿,對嗎? I didn't expect that she would come,would she?我想她不會來了,是嗎？ 3. 在“It doesn't seem that+從句”等類似結(jié)構(gòu)中,反意疑問句的主語和謂語同從句的主語和謂語保持一致。 It doesn't seem that they were lying,were they?他們似乎沒有撒謊,不是嗎? It doesn't seem that Brooks can get it,can he?布魯克斯似乎不能得到它,不是嗎? It seems that we can't hope to catch up that car in front of us,can we?看來我們沒有希望追上前面那輛車了,不是嗎? It seems that he is the right person for the job,isn't he?看來他是這項工作的合適人選,不是嗎？ 4. 如果表語從句由what,whether,who,which,where,how,when等引導(dǎo),反意疑問句應(yīng)對應(yīng)于主句。 5. That's what we should do,isn't it?這是我們應(yīng)該做的, 不是嗎? That's where you are wrong,isn't it?那就是你的錯誤之處,對嗎? This was what they achieved after ten years of ceaseless labour,wasn't it?這是他們經(jīng)過10年不懈勞動取得的成果,不是嗎？ 6. 如果主語從句由if,whether,who,what,which,where,how,when等引導(dǎo),其反意疑問句的主語要用it。注意由if引導(dǎo)的主語從句不能置于句首。 Whether we go to Paris is in the air,isn't it?我們是否去巴黎尚未決定,不是嗎? What he said at the meeting is very important,isn't it?他在會上所說的很重要,對嗎？ 四、祈使句的反意疑問句 1. let's引導(dǎo)的祈使句,其反意疑問句一般用shall we。 Let's start early,shall we?我們早點出發(fā)好嗎？ Let's look at that book again,shall we?我們再看一看那本書好嗎？ Let's go and sit out,shall we?我們出去坐,好嗎? 2. 由動詞原形引導(dǎo)的祈使句或let us(不是let's)引導(dǎo)的祈使句,其反意疑問句一般用will you。 Lend me a hand to shift this piano,will you?你能幫我搬一下這架鋼琴嗎？ Just tip the wood into this box,will you?把木頭裝進這箱子里好嗎？ Let us know your address,will you?請把你的地址告訴我們,好嗎? Please let us go,will you?請讓我們走,好不好? 3. 為使祈使句聽起來比較婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣,其反意疑問句還可以用would you,won't you,can you,could you,can't you等。 Help yourself,would you?請自便,好嗎? Remember to close the window,won't you?記著把窗戶關(guān)上,好嗎？ Let it alone,can you? 隨它去吧,好嗎? Lend me this book,could you?把這本書借給我,好嗎? Keep out of my way,can't you?別擋我的路,行不行? 4. 在否定祈使句后,反意疑問句只能用will you。 Don't let the fire out,will you?別讓火熄滅,好嗎？ Don't move the chair,will you?別動椅子,好嗎? Don't forget to post the letter,will you?不要忘了寄這封信,好嗎？ 5. 以let me開頭的祈使句,反意疑問句可用will you或may I。 Let me have a look,will you?讓我看看好嗎？ Let me line out the plan of the house on this piece of paper,will you?讓我在這張紙上把房子的圖樣畫出來,好嗎？ Let me do it for you,may I?讓我為你做這件事,好嗎？ 五、感嘆句及其他結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問句 （一）感嘆句的反意疑問句 感嘆句的反意疑問句一律用否定式,而且要用be的一般現(xiàn)在時,在這種句子中,主語是人時用he或you等人稱代詞,主語是物時用it。 Awfully hot,isn't it?非常熱,是不是？ What a lovely day,isn't it?多好的天氣啊,不是嗎? How cool the weather is,isn't it?多涼爽的天氣啊,不是嗎? What a stupid fellow,isn't he?多傻的小子,不是嗎？ （二）其他反意疑問句 1. 如果陳述句中出現(xiàn)表示否定意義的詞,如： few,hardly,little,never,no one,nobody,nothing,rarely,scarcely,seldom等時,反意疑問句要用肯定式。 He has few good reasons for staying,has he?他沒有什么理由留下來,是嗎? She seldom goes out,does she?她很少出去,是嗎? They could hardly manage to do it,could they?這件事他們恐怕做不了,對吧？ It is scarcely dry,is it?它幾乎還沒有干,是嗎? Nothing can be done,can it?無能為力,不是嗎? He rarely got drunk,did he?他很少喝醉,不是嗎? Little food has been left,has it?沒剩多少吃的,是不是? You have never been there,have you?你沒有去過那兒,對嗎? Few students learn French,do they?沒幾個學(xué)生學(xué)法語,是不是？ 2. neither...nor...本身已是否定結(jié)構(gòu),故反意疑問句要用肯定式。 The book is neither in Chinese nor in English,is it?這本書既不是用中文寫的,也不是用英文寫的,是嗎? He can neither read nor write,can he?它既不會讀,也不會寫,是不是？ 3. 有一種反意疑問句,同陳述句的謂語形式保持一致,都是肯定形式或都是否定形式,這種問句一般用升調(diào),表示關(guān)心、驚訝、懷疑和憤怒等感情。 You look pale.You are not feeling well,aren't you?你臉色蒼白,你感覺不舒服,對嗎? You don't like the film,don't you?你不喜歡這部電影,是不是? It wasn't a very good book,wasn't it?這不是一本很好的書,是不是? He has wronged many people,has he?他曾經(jīng)冤枉過很多人,不是嗎? “You want to fool me,do you?”She warned the man.“你想耍我,不是嗎？”她警告那人。 4. 英語中有少量不變的附加問句,形式固定,不隨其前面的陳述句謂語等的變化而變化,這種問句是希望聽話人做出反應(yīng)。常用的有：eh,right,don't you think,am I right,isn't that so等。 That's a good book,eh?那本書很不錯,是嗎? Little streams feed big rivers,right?小河流入大江,對不對? The book is really helpful,don't you think?這本書真的很有用,不是嗎？ She has got married,isn't that true?她已經(jīng)結(jié)婚了,不是真的吧? You have read the poem,am I right?你已經(jīng)讀過那首詩了,對嗎? Neither you nor he will take part in my birthday party,isn't that so?你和他都不參加我的生日晚會,是這樣嗎? She is Ann,or is she?她是安,我沒弄錯吧? The bed is very comfortable,or is it?這床很舒適,是不是這樣？ 5. 反意疑問句還可插在句中。 Darling,you will forever be with me,won't you,in the years to come?親愛的,今后你將永遠(yuǎn)和我呆在一起,對嗎？
反意疑問句是附加在陳述句之后，對陳述句所表示的事實或觀點提出疑問的句子.附加疑問實際上是一種簡略的一般疑問句。反意疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)：陳述句（主語+謂語……），+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞+主語（代詞形式）？ 說明：陳述句部分如果是肯定句，反意疑問句，疑問句部分的助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞+not （否定提問）；如果陳述句部分是否定句，反意疑問句，疑問句部分用肯定式提問。 一、反意疑問句：依據(jù)陳述句的主語 1. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為： this,that,everything,anything,something,nothing等時,反意疑問句的主語用it。 This is the man you are going to see,isn't it?這就是你要見的那個人,對嗎？ That's a lovely dress,isn't it?那是一套美麗可人的衣服,不是嗎？ Under the direction of Professor Lee,everything goes well,doesn't it?在李教授的指導(dǎo)下,一切運行正常,不是嗎? Something is the matter with his voice,isn't it?他的嗓音有些不對頭,不是嗎? Anything that smells of cold war should be avoided,shouldn't it?凡有冷戰(zhàn)意味的言行都應(yīng)避免,對嗎? Nothing can excuse such carelessness,can it?如此疏忽大意是絕不能原諒的,不是嗎？ 2. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為： anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,somebody,someone,nobody,no one,these,those等時,反意疑問句中的主語用they。 Anyone over eighteen years of age counts as adult,don't they?凡是超過18歲的都算成年人,不是嗎? Anybody can enter for the competition,can't they?任何人都能參與競爭,是嗎？ Everyone pronounced the dinner to be very good,didn't they?人人都稱這頓飯菜好,不是嗎? Everybody stands up when the judge enters the court,don't they?法官進入法庭時所有的人都起立,對嗎? Somebody tried to gatecrash,didn't they?有人想無票入場,是不是？ Someone stole his wallet on the bus,didn't they?有人在公共汽車上偷了他的錢包,是不是？ Nobody says a word about the incident,do they?對于這場事故人們守口如瓶,是嗎? No one could match the skill of the well-known archer,could they?沒有哪個人的技藝能比得上那位出名的射箭運動員,不是嗎? These are the parcels full of the effects of dead soldiers,aren't they?這些是裝滿士兵遺物的包裹,對嗎? Those who were once for him have turned against him,haven't they?那些原來支持他的人現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)而反對他,是嗎？ 3. 當(dāng)陳述句主語為such時,反意疑問句的主謂語的數(shù)隨主句謂語而定。主語為單數(shù)時用it,主語為復(fù)數(shù)時用they。 Such is life,isn't it?人生就是這樣,不是嗎? Such is his trick,isn't it?這就是他的詭計,對嗎? Such are the most powerful voices of our times,aren't they?這些就是我們時代的最有力的聲音,不是嗎? Such are your excuses,aren't they?這些就是你的借口,對嗎？ 4. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語是動詞不定式、動名詞時,反意疑問句的主語用it。 To kick a cat is a cruel act,isn't it?踢貓是殘忍的行為,不是嗎? To argue with him is like beating the air,isn't it?和他辯論是白費氣力,不是嗎? Doing crosswards gives some exercise to the mind,doesn't it?做縱橫字謎游戲能鍛煉腦筋,不是嗎? Doing morning exercises has helped to improve her health,hasn't it?做早操有助于增進她的健康,是嗎？ 5. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為each of...結(jié)構(gòu)時,反意疑問句主語用he,she或it時強調(diào)“各個,各自”;用we,you或they時強調(diào)“全體”。 Each of the visitors was presented with a souvenir,isn't he?每位來賓都得到了紀(jì)念品,是嗎? Each of us have got the prize,haven't we?我們每位都得了獎,不是嗎？ 6. 當(dāng)陳述句主語為one時,反意疑問句的主語在正式場合用one,非正式場合用you。 One should be exact in his statement,shouldn't one?一個人說話應(yīng)該嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),不是嗎? One should do one's best for the country,shouldn't one?人應(yīng)對自己的國家盡忠,不是嗎? One could hear every subject under the sun being hotly discussed,couldn't you?你們可以聽到人們天南海北什么都談得很熱烈,不是嗎？ 7. none of...結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時,反意疑問句謂語動詞的數(shù)和人稱要同前面的陳述部分一致。 None of his relatives are close by,are they?他的親戚沒有一個關(guān)系密切的,是嗎? None of his arguments seems to me to hold water,does it?在我看來,他的論點沒有一個能成立,不是嗎? None of the others have lived my experience,have they?別人都不曾有過我這樣的經(jīng)歷,不是嗎？ 8. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語是含有I的兩人時,其反意疑問句中的主語用we。 You and I will go there together tomorrow,won't we?我和你明天一起去那里,好嗎? You and I drew the plan,didn't we?我和你起草的計劃,不是嗎？ 9. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語是類似于whisky and soda的混合物或類似于love and care為同一概念時,其反意疑問句中的主語用it。 Whisky and soda sells well here,doesn't it?摻有蘇打水的威士忌在這兒銷路不錯,不是嗎? The love and care she gets from her husband is intense,isn't it?她從丈夫那兒得到的關(guān)愛是強烈的,不是嗎？
二、反意疑問句：依據(jù)陳述句的謂語 1. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語動詞為have作“有”解時,反意疑問句可用have,也可用do。 Humans have two legs,haven't they?人有兩條腿,不是嗎? Hollywood has many old movie sets,hasn't it?好萊塢有許多老式電影布景,不是嗎? He doesn't have skill at writing,does he?他沒有寫作技巧,不是嗎? They don't have the sense to admit defeat,do they?他們不懂得承認(rèn)失敗,不是嗎？ 2. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語動詞為have作“經(jīng)歷,遭受,得到,吃”等解時,疑問部分只用do的適當(dāng)形式。 You had a wonderful time in park yesterday,didn't you?昨天你們在公園玩得愉快極了,是嗎? That day he did not have a bite of food from five in the morning till nine in the evening,did he?那天,他從早晨5點到晚上9點連一口飯都沒吃,是嗎? Lots of girls here have influenza,don't they? 這兒好些女孩患了流感,是嗎？ 3. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語動詞含有have/has/had to時,疑問部分用do的適當(dāng)形式。 Children have to learn to join up their letters,don't they?孩子們得學(xué)會拼寫單詞,不是嗎? You have to live with the fact that you've lost all your money,don't you?你不得不接受你丟了所有的錢這個事實,不是嗎? We had to find somewhere to stop for lunch,didn't we?我們得找個地方停下來吃午飯,不是嗎? He had to satisfy all claims for the damage he had caused,didn't he?他必須賠償他造成的所有損失,不是嗎？ 4. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語動詞為系動詞時,疑問部分要重復(fù)這些系動詞。陳述句謂語若是am,疑問部分要用aren't I(或ain't I)否定,而不用an't I或am not I。 You weren't very nice to me last Saturday,were you?上星期六你對我不太好,是不是？ The circus were very good,weren't they?這個馬戲團很不錯,不是嗎？ Loneliness was a matter of feeling time hanging heavy on your hands,wasn't it?寂寞這玩意兒就是自覺閑得無聊的感受,不是嗎？ Mary's new boyfriend is quite a dish,isn't he?瑪麗新交的男朋友挺帥的,是不是? You're very fast,aren't you?你動作很快,對吧？ You're not going out in those clothes,are you?你們沒有穿那些衣服外出,是嗎？ I'm very pleased with what he has done,aren't I?我對他所做的一切感到很滿意,不是嗎? I'm tired of seeing all these repeats on television,ain't I?那些重復(fù)的電視節(jié)目我都看膩了,不是嗎？ 5. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語動詞為“助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋實義動詞”時,疑問部分要重復(fù)這些助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。 You won't go swimming tomorrow,will you?你明天不去游泳,是嗎？ You'll only tell it to Father,won't you?你只會把這件事告訴爸爸,不是嗎？ You will remember about watering the flowers,won't you?記住給花澆水,行嗎？ You can't see people starve without trying to help them,can you?你不會坐視人們挨餓而不去想辦法幫助他們的,是吧? 6. need和dare用作情態(tài)動詞時,疑問部分用need或dare。 We needn't hurry with our meeting,need we?我們用不著匆忙開會,是嗎? He needn't have gone there yesterday,need he?他昨天其實不必去那兒,是嗎? She daren't touch lobster,dare she?她不敢吃龍蝦,是嗎? He dare do it,daren't he?他敢做這件事,不是嗎？ 7. need和dare用作行為動詞時,疑問部分用do或does。 He dares any danger,doesn't he?他敢于冒任何風(fēng)險,不是嗎? He didn't dare to speak to her,did he?他不敢和她說話,是嗎? He didn't need to be reminded about it,did he?不必向他提醒那件事,是嗎？ 8. 當(dāng)陳述句謂語部分含有used to時,疑問部分常用usedn't或didn't兩種形式。但是,如果是there used to be...句型,反意疑問句用wasn't/weren't there。 In former times,people used to fight with swords,usedn't they?早些時候,人們用劍格斗,是嗎? He used to be quite a good player,didn't he?他曾是個相當(dāng)好的運動員,不是嗎? There used to be a hole in the fence,wasn't there?以前籬笆上有一個口子,是嗎? There used to be a big and beautiful garden at the back of their house,wasn't there?以前在他們房子的后方是一個美麗的大花園,是嗎？ 9. 謂語部分含有had better的陳述句的反意疑問句用hadn't。 You had better discuss with her the disposal of the furniture,hadn't you?你和她討論一下如何布置家具,不是嗎? We had better treat it as a joke,hadn't we?我們把它當(dāng)作玩笑,不是嗎？ 10. 謂語部分含有would rather的陳述句的反意疑問句用wouldn't。 He'd rather that it hadn't happened,wouldn't he?他寧愿沒有發(fā)生過這樣的事,不是嗎？ 11. 謂語部分含有would like的陳述句的反意疑問句用wouldn't。 He would like to back out of the contract,wouldn't he?他想取消這個合同,是嗎? She'd like to be a film actress,wouldn't she?她想當(dāng)電影演員,是嗎? He'd like to go,wouldn't he?他要走,是嗎？ 12. 謂語部分含有ought to的陳述句的反意疑問句用shouldn't或oughtn't。 He ought to be in London by now,shouldn't he?此刻他應(yīng)該在倫敦了,不是嗎? You ought to keep your passions under control,oughtn't you?你應(yīng)該抑制住你的憤怒,不是嗎？ 13. 當(dāng)陳述句的謂語動詞是表示愿望的wish時,反意疑問句中謂語要用may,而且前后兩個部分均用肯定形式。 I wish to change some pocket money,may I?我希望換些零錢,行嗎? I wish to speak to you in private,may I?我希望私下和你談?wù)?可以嗎? I wish to use your car,may I?我想借你的車用一下,行嗎？ 14. 陳述句中must表猜測時,其后動詞的類屬和時態(tài)不同,反意疑問句也不同；must表必要性時,反意疑問句常用must或need的適當(dāng)形式。 Your mother must be anxious to know the particulars,isn't she?你的母親一定急于了解詳情,是嗎? The student must be working very hard,isn't he?這個學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一定很刻苦,是嗎? You must have seen the film last week,didn't you?你上星期一定看過這部電影了,是嗎? The thief must have entered by the rear door,hasn't he?小偷一定是從后門進來的,不是嗎? You mustn't sort with thieves,must you?你絕不能與盜賊為伍,不是嗎? A judge must deal out justice to all men,needn't he?法官必須對每個人都公正,不是嗎？ 15. 當(dāng)陳述句中的謂語動詞含有may或might時,反意疑問句要用may或might的適當(dāng)形式(偶爾也用will表示請求)。 I may have made a mistake in the count,mayn't I?我在數(shù)的過程中有可能數(shù)錯了,不是嗎? The experience may have been long in your memory,mayn't it?經(jīng)驗在你的記憶中可能會永存,不是嗎? You might have tried to be a little quieter last night,mightn't you?昨晚你本應(yīng)該安靜點的,不是嗎? You might tell them that I hope to be back tomorrow night,will you?你可以告訴他們,我希望明晚回來,行嗎？ 三、復(fù)合句的反意疑問句 1. 若陳述句為含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句,反意疑問句的謂語動詞和主語代詞一般同主句的謂語動詞和主語保持一致。 He never said she would come,did he?他從未說過她要來,是嗎? You never told us why you were late for the last meeting,did you?你從未告訴過我們你上次會議遲到的原因,不是嗎? She hesitated whether she should take our advice,didn't she?她對是否要接受我們的勸告猶豫不定,不是嗎？ 2. 若陳述句為“I (don't) think/believe/suppose/figure/assume/fancy/imagine/reckon/expect/feel等＋賓語從句”,反意疑問句的謂語動詞和主語應(yīng)同賓語從句的謂語動詞和主語保持一致,如果主句是否定式,反意疑問句要用肯定式。 I don't think that you will love her,will you?我認(rèn)為你不會愛她的,是吧？ I don't believe that they have finished the work,have they?我認(rèn)為他們還沒完成工作,不是嗎? I fancied that I had met with him before,hadn't I?我想我以前見過他,不是嗎? I figured that you wouldn't come,would you?我料想你不會來,是嗎? We reckon that the building will be finished in September,won't it?我估計這棟樓房將在9月建成,對嗎? I don't suppose anyone will volunteer,will they?我想沒人會自愿,對嗎? I didn't expect that she would come,would she?我想她不會來了,是嗎？ 3. 在“It doesn't seem that+從句”等類似結(jié)構(gòu)中,反意疑問句的主語和謂語同從句的主語和謂語保持一致。 It doesn't seem that they were lying,were they?他們似乎沒有撒謊,不是嗎? It doesn't seem that Brooks can get it,can he?布魯克斯似乎不能得到它,不是嗎? It seems that we can't hope to catch up that car in front of us,can we?看來我們沒有希望追上前面那輛車了,不是嗎? It seems that he is the right person for the job,isn't he?看來他是這項工作的合適人選,不是嗎？ 4. 如果表語從句由what,whether,who,which,where,how,when等引導(dǎo),反意疑問句應(yīng)對應(yīng)于主句。 5. That's what we should do,isn't it?這是我們應(yīng)該做的, 不是嗎? That's where you are wrong,isn't it?那就是你的錯誤之處,對嗎? This was what they achieved after ten years of ceaseless labour,wasn't it?這是他們經(jīng)過10年不懈勞動取得的成果,不是嗎？ 6. 如果主語從句由if,whether,who,what,which,where,how,when等引導(dǎo),其反意疑問句的主語要用it。注意由if引導(dǎo)的主語從句不能置于句首。 Whether we go to Paris is in the air,isn't it?我們是否去巴黎尚未決定,不是嗎? What he said at the meeting is very important,isn't it?他在會上所說的很重要,對嗎？ 四、祈使句的反意疑問句 1. let's引導(dǎo)的祈使句,其反意疑問句一般用shall we。 Let's start early,shall we?我們早點出發(fā)好嗎？ Let's look at that book again,shall we?我們再看一看那本書好嗎？ Let's go and sit out,shall we?我們出去坐,好嗎? 2. 由動詞原形引導(dǎo)的祈使句或let us(不是let's)引導(dǎo)的祈使句,其反意疑問句一般用will you。 Lend me a hand to shift this piano,will you?你能幫我搬一下這架鋼琴嗎？ Just tip the wood into this box,will you?把木頭裝進這箱子里好嗎？ Let us know your address,will you?請把你的地址告訴我們,好嗎? Please let us go,will you?請讓我們走,好不好? 3. 為使祈使句聽起來比較婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣,其反意疑問句還可以用would you,won't you,can you,could you,can't you等。 Help yourself,would you?請自便,好嗎? Remember to close the window,won't you?記著把窗戶關(guān)上,好嗎？ Let it alone,can you? 隨它去吧,好嗎? Lend me this book,could you?把這本書借給我,好嗎? Keep out of my way,can't you?別擋我的路,行不行? 4. 在否定祈使句后,反意疑問句只能用will you。 Don't let the fire out,will you?別讓火熄滅,好嗎？ Don't move the chair,will you?別動椅子,好嗎? Don't forget to post the letter,will you?不要忘了寄這封信,好嗎？ 5. 以let me開頭的祈使句,反意疑問句可用will you或may I。 Let me have a look,will you?讓我看看好嗎？ Let me line out the plan of the house on this piece of paper,will you?讓我在這張紙上把房子的圖樣畫出來,好嗎？ Let me do it for you,may I?讓我為你做這件事,好嗎？ 五、感嘆句及其他結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問句 （一）感嘆句的反意疑問句 感嘆句的反意疑問句一律用否定式,而且要用be的一般現(xiàn)在時,在這種句子中,主語是人時用he或you等人稱代詞,主語是物時用it。 Awfully hot,isn't it?非常熱,是不是？ What a lovely day,isn't it?多好的天氣啊,不是嗎? How cool the weather is,isn't it?多涼爽的天氣啊,不是嗎? What a stupid fellow,isn't he?多傻的小子,不是嗎？ （二）其他反意疑問句 1. 如果陳述句中出現(xiàn)表示否定意義的詞,如： few,hardly,little,never,no one,nobody,nothing,rarely,scarcely,seldom等時,反意疑問句要用肯定式。 He has few good reasons for staying,has he?他沒有什么理由留下來,是嗎? She seldom goes out,does she?她很少出去,是嗎? They could hardly manage to do it,could they?這件事他們恐怕做不了,對吧？ It is scarcely dry,is it?它幾乎還沒有干,是嗎? Nothing can be done,can it?無能為力,不是嗎? He rarely got drunk,did he?他很少喝醉,不是嗎? Little food has been left,has it?沒剩多少吃的,是不是? You have never been there,have you?你沒有去過那兒,對嗎? Few students learn French,do they?沒幾個學(xué)生學(xué)法語,是不是？ 2. neither...nor...本身已是否定結(jié)構(gòu),故反意疑問句要用肯定式。 The book is neither in Chinese nor in English,is it?這本書既不是用中文寫的,也不是用英文寫的,是嗎? He can neither read nor write,can he?它既不會讀,也不會寫,是不是？ 3. 有一種反意疑問句,同陳述句的謂語形式保持一致,都是肯定形式或都是否定形式,這種問句一般用升調(diào),表示關(guān)心、驚訝、懷疑和憤怒等感情。 You look pale.You are not feeling well,aren't you?你臉色蒼白,你感覺不舒服,對嗎? You don't like the film,don't you?你不喜歡這部電影,是不是? It wasn't a very good book,wasn't it?這不是一本很好的書,是不是? He has wronged many people,has he?他曾經(jīng)冤枉過很多人,不是嗎? “You want to fool me,do you?”She warned the man.“你想耍我,不是嗎？”她警告那人。 4. 英語中有少量不變的附加問句,形式固定,不隨其前面的陳述句謂語等的變化而變化,這種問句是希望聽話人做出反應(yīng)。常用的有：eh,right,don't you think,am I right,isn't that so等。 That's a good book,eh?那本書很不錯,是嗎? Little streams feed big rivers,right?小河流入大江,對不對? The book is really helpful,don't you think?這本書真的很有用,不是嗎？ She has got married,isn't that true?她已經(jīng)結(jié)婚了,不是真的吧? You have read the poem,am I right?你已經(jīng)讀過那首詩了,對嗎? Neither you nor he will take part in my birthday party,isn't that so?你和他都不參加我的生日晚會,是這樣嗎? She is Ann,or is she?她是安,我沒弄錯吧? The bed is very comfortable,or is it?這床很舒適,是不是這樣？ 5. 反意疑問句還可插在句中。 Darling,you will forever be with me,won't you,in the years to come?親愛的,今后你將永遠(yuǎn)和我呆在一起,對嗎？