課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1．Come in. 進來吧。
Have a cup of tea then. 那么喝杯咖啡吧。
Let's go into the living－room, Carol. 我們到客廳里去吧，卡羅爾。
這3句都是祈使句。表示請求或命令的句子叫祈使句。祈使句中主語you常不出現(xiàn)，謂語動詞用原形，句末用感嘆號或句號。讀時用降調(diào)。
2．I've just had a cup. 我剛喝了一杯。
句中 cup后省略了 of coffee。
3．We're going to leave tomorrow. 明天我們就要走了。
這里的 are going to表示“打算”、“準備”。請參見 Lessons 37～38語法部分。
語法 Grammar in use
現(xiàn)在完成時
（1）在英語中，現(xiàn)在完成時主要用于以下兩種情況：或者表示在過去不確定的時間里發(fā)生的并與現(xiàn)在有著某種聯(lián)系的動作；或者表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。本課中薩姆所面臨的是第1種情況，正是因為他吃了飯，喝過了咖啡，也休過假，因此他謝絕了湯姆的邀請，并表示今年已無可能再次休假。
（2）現(xiàn)在完成時在漢語中常用“了”、“過”或“已經(jīng)”來表示。
（3）現(xiàn)在完成時由 have／has+ 過去分詞構成，單數(shù)第 3人稱用
has，其他人稱皆用have。規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞與過去式相同，而不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞則無統(tǒng)一的規(guī)律可言，需特別加以記憶。
（4）一般現(xiàn)在完成時通常與表示不確定的時間副詞或短語連用如 just, already, before, never, ever, twice, three times等。
詞匯學習 Word study
1． leave v.
（1）離開，出發(fā)：
The train is going to leave in 5 minutes.
火車將于5分鐘后開出。
I'm going to leave Italy.
我準備離開意大利。
（2）舍棄；脫離：
John's wife left him for another man.
約翰的妻子舍他而去，投入另一個男子的懷抱。
Alexander is leaving the company after 30 years' service
亞歷山大將在為公司服務了30年之后離開公司。
（3）留給，遺留；委托：
The famous actress left all her money to charity.
這位的女演員將她所有的錢都遺留給了慈善機構。
‘Leave it to me, ’he said.
“這事交給我來辦吧，”他說道。
2．pack v.
（1）打包，裝箱：
We are leaving tomorrow and I haven't even started packing yet.
我們明天就要走了，而我甚至還沒開始將行李打包呢。
Don' t forget to pack the mirror!
別忘了把鏡子裝起來！
（2）擠滿，塞滿：
The movie fans packed the hall.
大廳里擠滿了影迷。
The bus was packed with people.
公共汽車里擠滿了人
練習答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 84
A
1 I've already had some.
2 I've already had one.
3 I've already had one.
4 I've already had some.
5 I've already had one.
6 I've already had one.
7 I've already had some.
B
1 He hasn't had any beans.
He's just had some peas.
2 They haven't had any tea.
They've just had some coffee.
3 I haven't had any apples.
I've just had some peaches.
4 I haven't had any cabbage.
I've just had some lettuce.
5 She hasn't had any beer.
She's just had some wine.
6 He hasn't had any lamb.
He's just had some beef.
7 They haven't had any tea.
They've just had some milk.
8 She hasn't had any meat.
She's just had some vegetables.
9 I haven't had any chicken.
I've just had some steak.
10 They haven't had any bananas.
They've just had some oranges.
1．Come in. 進來吧。
Have a cup of tea then. 那么喝杯咖啡吧。
Let's go into the living－room, Carol. 我們到客廳里去吧，卡羅爾。
這3句都是祈使句。表示請求或命令的句子叫祈使句。祈使句中主語you常不出現(xiàn)，謂語動詞用原形，句末用感嘆號或句號。讀時用降調(diào)。
2．I've just had a cup. 我剛喝了一杯。
句中 cup后省略了 of coffee。
3．We're going to leave tomorrow. 明天我們就要走了。
這里的 are going to表示“打算”、“準備”。請參見 Lessons 37～38語法部分。
語法 Grammar in use
現(xiàn)在完成時
（1）在英語中，現(xiàn)在完成時主要用于以下兩種情況：或者表示在過去不確定的時間里發(fā)生的并與現(xiàn)在有著某種聯(lián)系的動作；或者表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。本課中薩姆所面臨的是第1種情況，正是因為他吃了飯，喝過了咖啡，也休過假，因此他謝絕了湯姆的邀請，并表示今年已無可能再次休假。
（2）現(xiàn)在完成時在漢語中常用“了”、“過”或“已經(jīng)”來表示。
（3）現(xiàn)在完成時由 have／has+ 過去分詞構成，單數(shù)第 3人稱用
has，其他人稱皆用have。規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞與過去式相同，而不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞則無統(tǒng)一的規(guī)律可言，需特別加以記憶。
（4）一般現(xiàn)在完成時通常與表示不確定的時間副詞或短語連用如 just, already, before, never, ever, twice, three times等。
詞匯學習 Word study
1． leave v.
（1）離開，出發(fā)：
The train is going to leave in 5 minutes.
火車將于5分鐘后開出。
I'm going to leave Italy.
我準備離開意大利。
（2）舍棄；脫離：
John's wife left him for another man.
約翰的妻子舍他而去，投入另一個男子的懷抱。
Alexander is leaving the company after 30 years' service
亞歷山大將在為公司服務了30年之后離開公司。
（3）留給，遺留；委托：
The famous actress left all her money to charity.
這位的女演員將她所有的錢都遺留給了慈善機構。
‘Leave it to me, ’he said.
“這事交給我來辦吧，”他說道。
2．pack v.
（1）打包，裝箱：
We are leaving tomorrow and I haven't even started packing yet.
我們明天就要走了，而我甚至還沒開始將行李打包呢。
Don' t forget to pack the mirror!
別忘了把鏡子裝起來！
（2）擠滿，塞滿：
The movie fans packed the hall.
大廳里擠滿了影迷。
The bus was packed with people.
公共汽車里擠滿了人
練習答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 84
A
1 I've already had some.
2 I've already had one.
3 I've already had one.
4 I've already had some.
5 I've already had one.
6 I've already had one.
7 I've already had some.
B
1 He hasn't had any beans.
He's just had some peas.
2 They haven't had any tea.
They've just had some coffee.
3 I haven't had any apples.
I've just had some peaches.
4 I haven't had any cabbage.
I've just had some lettuce.
5 She hasn't had any beer.
She's just had some wine.
6 He hasn't had any lamb.
He's just had some beef.
7 They haven't had any tea.
They've just had some milk.
8 She hasn't had any meat.
She's just had some vegetables.
9 I haven't had any chicken.
I've just had some steak.
10 They haven't had any bananas.
They've just had some oranges.