第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分) 下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)有下劃線(xiàn)，請(qǐng)為每處下劃線(xiàn)部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。
1、The weather is a constant subject ofconversation in Britain.
A．question
B．problem
C．title
D．topic
2、 I read the newspaper every day so that I canstay informed about current events. A．important B．international C．Latest D．cultural
3、 Their style of playing football is utterly different. A．barely B．scarcely C．hardly D．totally
4、 You make it sound as if I did it onpurpose. A．carefully B．unwillingly C．incredibly D．deliberately
5、 Smoking will be banned in all publicplaces here. A．forbidden B．a(chǎn)llowed C．permitted D．promoted
6、 That guy is intelligent but a bit dull. A．strange B．special C．quiet D．boring
7、 Most college students in the United Stateslive away from home. A．a(chǎn)part B．down C．elsewhere D．a(chǎn)long
8、 There is a growing gap between the richand the poor. A．conflict B．tension C．gulf D．confrontation
9、 I am very grateful to you for yourassistance. A．helpful B．hopeful C．pitiful D．thankful
10、 Attitudes to mental illness have shifted in recent years. A．show B．display C．change D．exhibit
11、 The President made a brief visit to Beijing. A．short B．working C．formal D．secret
12、 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day. A．eats B．drinks C．buys D．produces
13、 Mary just told us a very fascinating story. A．strange B．frightening C．difficult D．interesting
14、 The science teacher demonstrated theprocess of turning solid gold into liquid. A．showed B．elaborated C．devised D．simplified
15、Many different parts make up anairplane: the engine (s), the wings, the tail, and SO On. A．compose B．decorate C．construct D．derive
第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16—22題，每題1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。 16、回答16-23題 Scotland: A Land of Wisdom In the 1740s, the famous French philosopher Voltaire said "We look to Scotland for all ourideas of civilization. " That's not a bad advertisement for any country when it comes toattracting people to search for a first-class education. According to the American author Arthur Herman, the Scots invented the modern worlditself. He argues that Scottish thinkers .and intellectuals worked out many of the most importantideas on which modern life depend -- everything from the scientific method to marketeconomics. Their ideas did not just spread among intellectuals, but to those people in business,government and the sciences who actually shaped the Western world. It all started during the period that historians call the Scottish Enlightenment (啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)),which is usually seen as taking place between the years 1740 and 1800, Before that, philosophywas mainly concerned with religion. For the thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment, the properstudy of humanity was mankind itself. Their reasoning was practical. For the philosopher David Hume, humanity was the rightsubject for philosophy because we can examine human behavior and so find real evidence of howpeople think and feel. And from that we can make judgments about the societies we live in andmake concrete suggestions about how they can be improved, for universal benefit. Hume' s enquiry into the nature of knowledge laid the foundations for the scientific method ——the pursuit of truth through experiment. His friend and fellow resident of Edinburgh, AdamSmith, famously applied the study of mankind to the ways in which mankind does business.Trade, he argued, was a form of information. In pursuing our own interests through trading inmarkets, we all come to benefit each other. Smith's idea has dominated modern views of economics. It also has wide applications. Hewas one of the philosophers to point out that nations can become rich, free and powerful throughpeace, trade and invention. Although the Scottish Enlightenment ended a long time ago, the ideas which evolved at thattime still underpin (構(gòu)成……的基礎(chǔ) ) our theories of human exchange and enquiry. It als0exists in Scotland itself in an educational tradition that combines academic excellence withorientation ( 方向).
Scotland is the right place to receive a first-class education. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
17、 According to Arthur Herman, the Scots developed many important ideas which modern life depends on. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
18、 Philosophers had come to know the importance of studying humanity even before the Scottish Enlightenment took place. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
19、 David Hume was the first philosopher to study mankind. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
20、 Smith's idea has extensive applications, A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
21、 Our current theories of human exchange and enquiry have nothing to do with the ideas developed during the Scottish Enlightenment. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
22、 Smith died in 1800. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23—30題，每題1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23—26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)小標(biāo)題；(2)第27—30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)選項(xiàng)。 23、回答23-31題 Teach Your Child Science 1. It is important to make your child interested in science from an early age. Most youngchildren ask a lot of questions and you should give careful scientific answers. Don't only givefacts, but try to give explanations as well. 2. Science is not just knowledge; it is a way of thinking, a method of finding out about theworld. We see something. We try to explain it, and we test our idea by setting up anexperiment. One day you come home and find the plant on the table has fallen over. Yonthink it might be the wind from the open window or the cat, so you close the window, butleave the cat in and see what happens (you can also lay leaving the window open andshutting the cat out). Of course, you remember there may be a third explanation. 3. Ask your child to get a piece of string, some salt, a glass of water and an ice cube (冰塊）.Tell her to put the ice in the water, and then put one end of the string on the ice, leaving theother end over the side of the glass. Put a little salt on the ice. Wait a minute, and then pullthe string; it should be attached to the ice. Ask the child: "what has happened?" 4. Probably she won't know. Ask her whether fresh water or salt water freezes into ice first. Ifyou live near the sea and have a cold winter, she should know fresh water freezes f'trst as shewill have seen that happen. Show her how to test the idea by half-filling two paper cups withwater, adding salt to one. Then put them in the icebox and check every three minutes. Writethe results in a table. The conclusion will be that salt changes the behaviour of water.Thinking about the string, we see the salt turned soml e of the ice into water. Then the saltwent away into the water and the ice froze again leaving the string attached. 5. Then you can ask, "Will water with salt boil at the same temperature as water without salt?"She can think, tell you her idea and ( taking care because of the heat) you can test it in thekitchen.
Paragraph 1_______ A．What exactly is science? B．How do you find an explanation? C．What topics do you need? D．How do you answer your child's questions? E．Where does your child study science? F．How do you set up the experiment on salt and water?
24、 Paragraph 2_______ A．What exactly is science? B．How do you find an explanation? C．What topics do you need? D．How do you answer your child's questions? E．Where does your child study science? F．How do you set up the experiment on salt and water?
25、 Paragraph 3_______ A．What exactly is science? B．How do you find an explanation? C．What topics do you need? D．How do you answer your child's questions? E．Where does your child study science? F．How do you set up the experiment on salt and water?
26、 Paragraph 4_______ A．What exactly is science? B．How do you find an explanation? C．What topics do you need? D．How do you answer your child's questions? E．Where does your child study science? F．How do you set up the experiment on salt and water?
27、 When your child asks you questions, you should give her_______ A．the icebox B．the ice C．scientific answers D．the experiment E．the world F．water
28、 We set up experiments to test our ideas about_______ A．the icebox B．the ice C．scientific answers D．the experiment E．the world F．water
29、 In the experiment, one end of the string was attached to_______ A．the icebox B．the ice C．scientific answers D．the experiment E．the world F．water
30、 The experiment shows that salt Changes the behaviour of_______ A．the icebox B．the ice C．scientific answers D．the experiment E．the world F．water
第4部分：閱讀理解(第31-45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)選項(xiàng)。 31、回答31-36題 Optimism Ever won the lottery? No? But did that stop you buying another lottery ticket? If the answer is another "no", you might call yourself an optimist. According to researchers at University College London, human beings are sanguine creatures. It is all in the brain, they say. A study suggests that human brain is very efficient atprocessing good news: about 80% of people have a tendency to see the glasses half-full, nothalf-empty, even if they don't consider themselves to be optimists. The good news is that this brings a health benefit. Having a positive outlook on life reducesanxiety. A study of nearly 100, 000 women showed a lower risk of death from heart diseaseamong optimists. But there are problems in always having an optimistic attitude. The authors of the studypoint out that the 2008 financial crisis may have been caused by analysts over estimating theirassets' performance even in the face of clear evidence to the contrary. There are personal health risks too. Dr Tali Sharot, lead researcher, said: " SmokingKills' messages don't work since people think their chances of cancer are low. There's a veryfundamental tendency in the brain. " But, as they say, every cloud has a silver lining. Even if seeing the world through rose-colored glasses poses a risk to our health, it's not something that is likely to cause us to losesleep. Let's just keep our chins up and keep smiling!
What does "sanguine" (Para. 2) mean? A．Depressed. B．Cheerful. C．Lucky. D．Emotional.
32、 The study mentioned in Paragraph 2 indicates that people_____. A．a(chǎn)re more optimistic than they believe B．a(chǎn)re less optimistic than they believe C．like good news more than they think D．like good news less than they think
33、 What mistake might analysts have made during the 2008 financial crisis? A．Collecting false information. B．Overemphasizing evidence. C．Misjudging the situation. D．Giving a pessimistic forecast.
34、 The author suggests in the last paragraph that we_____. A．a(chǎn)djust our goals in life B．learn to release bad mood C．a(chǎn)void being overoptimistic D．maintain a positive attitude
35、 What is the main idea of the passage? A．People tend to be optimistic even in crisis. B．Optimists enjoy life better than pessimists. C．Being optimistic has both benefits and risks. D．Optimism is what keeps us going forward. 36、回答36-41題 Starting Business People from other countries often take America as the "land of opportunity". Americans,too, believe that the country gives no end of chances to those who want to open their ownbusinesses in this amazing place. Today, many Americans are still trying hard to become smallbusiness people, although only one out of two remains in operation after the first two years. Many people start their small businesses for the wrong reasons. They want to get awayfrom the paper work of their present jobs or to exchange the responsibility of their present jobsfor free life styles. But more, not less, paper work and responsibility come with ownership of asmall business. Thomas is the owner of the news magazine Mother Earth, which is now quite successful.He says that he had to work sixty hours without stopping when he was trying to bring out thefirst issue. Thomas had waited for years after he came up with the idea for Mother Earth. During thatperiod of time, he collected as much information as he could about his business. He borrowedbooks from the library, talked to successful people in the field, and began planning carefully theamount of money and the kinds and numbers of supplies he would probably need. When hefinally opened with a capital of $1,500, he set up his office in the kitchen and his printingpress in the garage. Owing to his devotion to business, his talent, and his skill in management,Mother Earth now has a circulation of 300, 000. Not all small businesses are doing as fine as Mother Earth is 50% of the 450, 000 that startin America every year fail. Still, 95% businesses in the U.S. can be called "small".Altogether these businesses amount to 40% of America's gross national product.
According to the passage, which of the following is true of the small businesses in the US? A．All of them close down in the first two years. B．Most of them fail within the first two years. C．They all make big profits. D．Only half of them continue to operate after the first two years.
37、 According to Paragraph 2, many people start small businesses in order to A．do heavy work or earn more money B．do less paper work or take less responsibility C．do more paper work or take less responsibility D．do light work or live quiet lives
38、 What preparations did Thomas make before he started his business? A．He stayed at home. B．He borrowed money from a bank. C．He made investigations and drew up a plan. D．He wrote a book.
39、 Thomas' success can be attributed to A．his talent, his skill in management, and his devotion to his work B．his good luck C．his good relations with a business manager D．his good treatment of his workers
40、 How many businesses in the US can be called "small"? A．5% B．40% C．50% D．95% 41、回答41-46題 Tales of the Terrible Past It is not the job of fiction writers to analyze and interpret history. Yet by writing about thepast in a vivid and compelling manner, storytellers can bring earlier eras to life and force readersto consider them seriously. Among those taking on the task of recounting history are some blackwriters who attempt to examine slavery from different points of view. Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison deals specifically with the legacy of slavery inher book Beloved. The main character in this novel, a former slave called Sethe, lives in Ohioin the years following the Civil War, but she cannot free herself from her horrific memories.Through a series of flashbacks and bitter reminiscences, the reader learns how and why Setheescaped from the plantation she had lived on; the fate of her husband, who also tried to escape;and finally, what happened to the child called Beloved. Morrison's scenes of torture and murderare vivid and strongly convey the desperation of the slaves and the cruelty of their owners. Charles Johnson's Middle Passage approaches slavery from a different, yet no less violent.vantage point. His main character, Rutherford Calhoun, is a ne'er-do-well free black Americanwho stows away on a slave ship bound for Africa to collect its "cargo". Put to work after he isdiscovered, Calhoun witnesses firsthand the appalling conditions in which the captured Africansare transported. When they finally rebel and take over the ship, he finds himself in themiddle -- and is forced to come to terms with who he is and what his values are. Neither Beloved nor Middle Passage is an easy read, but both exemplify African American writes' attempts to bring significant historical situations alive for a modem audience.
This passage is mostly about A．the causes of slavery in America B．black writers in the late 20th century C．why Morrison and Johnson wrote the books they did D．two novels that deal with slavery
42、 Beloved is set A．on a slave ship B．on a plantation before the Civil War C．in Ohio after the Civil War D．in an African town
43、 The writer seems to feel that A．everyone should read Morrison's and Johnson's novels B．the books are worthwhile but challenging C．black writers should ignore racial issues D．we will repeat the past if we don't learn about it
44、 The writer emphasizes that the two books are similar in their A．use of flashbacks B．treatment of women C．criticism of whites D．portrayal of violence
45、 The word appalling means A．terrible B．surprising C．guilty D．unrealistic
第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46—50題，每題2分，共10分)閱讀下面的短文，每一篇中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。 46、回答46-51題 Farmers' Markets Charlotte Hollins knows she faces a battle. The23-year-old British farmer and her 21-year-old brother Ben arc fighting to savethe farm from developers that their father worked on since hcwas 14. ____ (46)____ "You don't often get a day off. Supermarketsput a lot of pressure on farmers to keepprices down. With fewer people workingon farms it can be isolating," she said. "There is ahigh rate ofsuicide and farming will never make you rich!" Oliver Robinson, 25, grew up on a farm in Yorkshire. ____ (47) ____ "I'm sure dadhoped I'dstay," he said. "I guess it's a nice, straightforward life, but itdoesn't appeal. For young, ambitious people, farm life would be a hard world." For Robinson, farming doesn'toffer much " in terms of money orlifestyle. " Hollins agrees that economics stops people frompursuingfarming rewards: "Providing for a vital human need, while working outdoorswithnature. " Farming is a big political issue in the UK. ____ (48)____The 2001 footand mouth crisisclosed thousands of farms, stopped meat exports, and raisedpublic consciousness of troubles in UK farming. Jamie Oliver's 2005 campaign to get children to eathealthily also highlighted the issue.This national concern spells (帶來(lái)) hope for farmers competing with powerful supermarkets. ____ (49)____ "I started going to Farmers' Markets in directdefiance (蔑視) of the big supermarkets.___50___ It's terrible," said Londoner Michael Samson.
請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．But he never considered staying on his fatherand grandfather's land. B．While most people buy food from the bigsupermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular. C．While confident they will succeed, she listsfarming's many challenges do. D．Young people prefer to live in cities. E．I seriously objected to the super-sizing ofeverything -- what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big andred? F．"Buy British" campaigns urge (鼓勵(lì)) consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
47、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．But he never considered staying on his fatherand grandfather's land. B．While most people buy food from the bigsupermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular. C．While confident they will succeed, she listsfarming's many challenges do. D．Young people prefer to live in cities. E．I seriously objected to the super-sizing ofeverything -- what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big andred? F．"Buy British" campaigns urge (鼓勵(lì)) consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
48、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．But he never considered staying on his fatherand grandfather's land. B．While most people buy food from the bigsupermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular. C．While confident they will succeed, she listsfarming's many challenges do. D．Young people prefer to live in cities. E．I seriously objected to the super-sizing ofeverything -- what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big andred? F．"Buy British" campaigns urge (鼓勵(lì)) consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
49、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．But he never considered staying on his fatherand grandfather's land. B．While most people buy food from the bigsupermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular. C．While confident they will succeed, she listsfarming's many challenges do. D．Young people prefer to live in cities. E．I seriously objected to the super-sizing ofeverything -- what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big andred? F．"Buy British" campaigns urge (鼓勵(lì)) consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
50、請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．But he never considered staying on his fatherand grandfather's land. B．While most people buy food from the bigsupermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular. C．While confident they will succeed, she listsfarming's many challenges do. D．Young people prefer to live in cities. E．I seriously objected to the super-sizing ofeverything -- what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big andred? F．"Buy British" campaigns urge (鼓勵(lì)) consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
第6部分：完形填空(第51-65題，每題1分，共15分)下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)選項(xiàng)。 51、回答{TSE}題 Free Statins ( 降膽固醇藥物) With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of____51____so that customers can reducethe heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London____52____in anew study. Statins reduce the____53____of unhealthy "LDL" cholesterol (低密度脂蛋白膽固醇)in the blood. A group of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person'sheart attack ____54 ____. In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology, Dr.Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is____55____to offset the increase in heart attack risk from____56____a cheeseburger anddrinking a milkshake. Dr Francis, from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London, whois the senior author of the study, said: "Statins don't cut out all of the ____57____effects of cheeseburgers and French fries. It's better to avoid fatty food altogether. But we've worked outthat in terms of your____58____ of having a heart attack, taking a statin can reduce your riskto more or less the same____59____as a fast food meal increases it. " "It's ironic that peopleare free to take as many unhealthy condiments in fast food outlets as they ____60 ____ , butstatins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are____61____free ofcharge. It would cost less than 5 pence per____62____not much different to a sachet ofsugar. " Dr Francis said. When people engage in risky behaviors like driving or smoking, they're encouraged to take____63____that lower their risk, like____ 64____a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters.Taking a statin is a rational way of 65 some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.
請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．change B．charge C．chain D．chance
52、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．trust B．decide C．suggest D．calculate
53、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．number B．a(chǎn)mount C．volume D．product
54、請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．frequency B．treatment C．diagnosis D．risk
55、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．severe B．enough C．weak D．a(chǎn)ctive
56、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．buying B．preparing C．eating D．cooking
57、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．unhealthy B．strong C．different D．doubtful
58、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．examination B．suffering. C．determination D．possibility
59、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．degree B．dimension C．a(chǎn)ngle D．range
60、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．use B．hate C．reject D．like
61、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．transported B．provided C．preserved D．convened
62、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．cook B．patient C．customer D．visitor
63、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．measures B．care C．a(chǎn)dvantages D．turns
64、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．buying B．wearing C．cleaning D．changing
65、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．increasing B．finding C．lowering D．taking
2、 I read the newspaper every day so that I canstay informed about current events. A．important B．international C．Latest D．cultural
3、 Their style of playing football is utterly different. A．barely B．scarcely C．hardly D．totally
4、 You make it sound as if I did it onpurpose. A．carefully B．unwillingly C．incredibly D．deliberately
5、 Smoking will be banned in all publicplaces here. A．forbidden B．a(chǎn)llowed C．permitted D．promoted
6、 That guy is intelligent but a bit dull. A．strange B．special C．quiet D．boring
7、 Most college students in the United Stateslive away from home. A．a(chǎn)part B．down C．elsewhere D．a(chǎn)long
8、 There is a growing gap between the richand the poor. A．conflict B．tension C．gulf D．confrontation
9、 I am very grateful to you for yourassistance. A．helpful B．hopeful C．pitiful D．thankful
10、 Attitudes to mental illness have shifted in recent years. A．show B．display C．change D．exhibit
11、 The President made a brief visit to Beijing. A．short B．working C．formal D．secret
12、 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day. A．eats B．drinks C．buys D．produces
13、 Mary just told us a very fascinating story. A．strange B．frightening C．difficult D．interesting
14、 The science teacher demonstrated theprocess of turning solid gold into liquid. A．showed B．elaborated C．devised D．simplified
15、Many different parts make up anairplane: the engine (s), the wings, the tail, and SO On. A．compose B．decorate C．construct D．derive
第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16—22題，每題1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。 16、回答16-23題 Scotland: A Land of Wisdom In the 1740s, the famous French philosopher Voltaire said "We look to Scotland for all ourideas of civilization. " That's not a bad advertisement for any country when it comes toattracting people to search for a first-class education. According to the American author Arthur Herman, the Scots invented the modern worlditself. He argues that Scottish thinkers .and intellectuals worked out many of the most importantideas on which modern life depend -- everything from the scientific method to marketeconomics. Their ideas did not just spread among intellectuals, but to those people in business,government and the sciences who actually shaped the Western world. It all started during the period that historians call the Scottish Enlightenment (啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)),which is usually seen as taking place between the years 1740 and 1800, Before that, philosophywas mainly concerned with religion. For the thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment, the properstudy of humanity was mankind itself. Their reasoning was practical. For the philosopher David Hume, humanity was the rightsubject for philosophy because we can examine human behavior and so find real evidence of howpeople think and feel. And from that we can make judgments about the societies we live in andmake concrete suggestions about how they can be improved, for universal benefit. Hume' s enquiry into the nature of knowledge laid the foundations for the scientific method ——the pursuit of truth through experiment. His friend and fellow resident of Edinburgh, AdamSmith, famously applied the study of mankind to the ways in which mankind does business.Trade, he argued, was a form of information. In pursuing our own interests through trading inmarkets, we all come to benefit each other. Smith's idea has dominated modern views of economics. It also has wide applications. Hewas one of the philosophers to point out that nations can become rich, free and powerful throughpeace, trade and invention. Although the Scottish Enlightenment ended a long time ago, the ideas which evolved at thattime still underpin (構(gòu)成……的基礎(chǔ) ) our theories of human exchange and enquiry. It als0exists in Scotland itself in an educational tradition that combines academic excellence withorientation ( 方向).
Scotland is the right place to receive a first-class education. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
17、 According to Arthur Herman, the Scots developed many important ideas which modern life depends on. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
18、 Philosophers had come to know the importance of studying humanity even before the Scottish Enlightenment took place. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
19、 David Hume was the first philosopher to study mankind. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
20、 Smith's idea has extensive applications, A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
21、 Our current theories of human exchange and enquiry have nothing to do with the ideas developed during the Scottish Enlightenment. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
22、 Smith died in 1800. A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23—30題，每題1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23—26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)小標(biāo)題；(2)第27—30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)選項(xiàng)。 23、回答23-31題 Teach Your Child Science 1. It is important to make your child interested in science from an early age. Most youngchildren ask a lot of questions and you should give careful scientific answers. Don't only givefacts, but try to give explanations as well. 2. Science is not just knowledge; it is a way of thinking, a method of finding out about theworld. We see something. We try to explain it, and we test our idea by setting up anexperiment. One day you come home and find the plant on the table has fallen over. Yonthink it might be the wind from the open window or the cat, so you close the window, butleave the cat in and see what happens (you can also lay leaving the window open andshutting the cat out). Of course, you remember there may be a third explanation. 3. Ask your child to get a piece of string, some salt, a glass of water and an ice cube (冰塊）.Tell her to put the ice in the water, and then put one end of the string on the ice, leaving theother end over the side of the glass. Put a little salt on the ice. Wait a minute, and then pullthe string; it should be attached to the ice. Ask the child: "what has happened?" 4. Probably she won't know. Ask her whether fresh water or salt water freezes into ice first. Ifyou live near the sea and have a cold winter, she should know fresh water freezes f'trst as shewill have seen that happen. Show her how to test the idea by half-filling two paper cups withwater, adding salt to one. Then put them in the icebox and check every three minutes. Writethe results in a table. The conclusion will be that salt changes the behaviour of water.Thinking about the string, we see the salt turned soml e of the ice into water. Then the saltwent away into the water and the ice froze again leaving the string attached. 5. Then you can ask, "Will water with salt boil at the same temperature as water without salt?"She can think, tell you her idea and ( taking care because of the heat) you can test it in thekitchen.
Paragraph 1_______ A．What exactly is science? B．How do you find an explanation? C．What topics do you need? D．How do you answer your child's questions? E．Where does your child study science? F．How do you set up the experiment on salt and water?
24、 Paragraph 2_______ A．What exactly is science? B．How do you find an explanation? C．What topics do you need? D．How do you answer your child's questions? E．Where does your child study science? F．How do you set up the experiment on salt and water?
25、 Paragraph 3_______ A．What exactly is science? B．How do you find an explanation? C．What topics do you need? D．How do you answer your child's questions? E．Where does your child study science? F．How do you set up the experiment on salt and water?
26、 Paragraph 4_______ A．What exactly is science? B．How do you find an explanation? C．What topics do you need? D．How do you answer your child's questions? E．Where does your child study science? F．How do you set up the experiment on salt and water?
27、 When your child asks you questions, you should give her_______ A．the icebox B．the ice C．scientific answers D．the experiment E．the world F．water
28、 We set up experiments to test our ideas about_______ A．the icebox B．the ice C．scientific answers D．the experiment E．the world F．water
29、 In the experiment, one end of the string was attached to_______ A．the icebox B．the ice C．scientific answers D．the experiment E．the world F．water
30、 The experiment shows that salt Changes the behaviour of_______ A．the icebox B．the ice C．scientific answers D．the experiment E．the world F．water
第4部分：閱讀理解(第31-45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)選項(xiàng)。 31、回答31-36題 Optimism Ever won the lottery? No? But did that stop you buying another lottery ticket? If the answer is another "no", you might call yourself an optimist. According to researchers at University College London, human beings are sanguine creatures. It is all in the brain, they say. A study suggests that human brain is very efficient atprocessing good news: about 80% of people have a tendency to see the glasses half-full, nothalf-empty, even if they don't consider themselves to be optimists. The good news is that this brings a health benefit. Having a positive outlook on life reducesanxiety. A study of nearly 100, 000 women showed a lower risk of death from heart diseaseamong optimists. But there are problems in always having an optimistic attitude. The authors of the studypoint out that the 2008 financial crisis may have been caused by analysts over estimating theirassets' performance even in the face of clear evidence to the contrary. There are personal health risks too. Dr Tali Sharot, lead researcher, said: " SmokingKills' messages don't work since people think their chances of cancer are low. There's a veryfundamental tendency in the brain. " But, as they say, every cloud has a silver lining. Even if seeing the world through rose-colored glasses poses a risk to our health, it's not something that is likely to cause us to losesleep. Let's just keep our chins up and keep smiling!
What does "sanguine" (Para. 2) mean? A．Depressed. B．Cheerful. C．Lucky. D．Emotional.
32、 The study mentioned in Paragraph 2 indicates that people_____. A．a(chǎn)re more optimistic than they believe B．a(chǎn)re less optimistic than they believe C．like good news more than they think D．like good news less than they think
33、 What mistake might analysts have made during the 2008 financial crisis? A．Collecting false information. B．Overemphasizing evidence. C．Misjudging the situation. D．Giving a pessimistic forecast.
34、 The author suggests in the last paragraph that we_____. A．a(chǎn)djust our goals in life B．learn to release bad mood C．a(chǎn)void being overoptimistic D．maintain a positive attitude
35、 What is the main idea of the passage? A．People tend to be optimistic even in crisis. B．Optimists enjoy life better than pessimists. C．Being optimistic has both benefits and risks. D．Optimism is what keeps us going forward. 36、回答36-41題 Starting Business People from other countries often take America as the "land of opportunity". Americans,too, believe that the country gives no end of chances to those who want to open their ownbusinesses in this amazing place. Today, many Americans are still trying hard to become smallbusiness people, although only one out of two remains in operation after the first two years. Many people start their small businesses for the wrong reasons. They want to get awayfrom the paper work of their present jobs or to exchange the responsibility of their present jobsfor free life styles. But more, not less, paper work and responsibility come with ownership of asmall business. Thomas is the owner of the news magazine Mother Earth, which is now quite successful.He says that he had to work sixty hours without stopping when he was trying to bring out thefirst issue. Thomas had waited for years after he came up with the idea for Mother Earth. During thatperiod of time, he collected as much information as he could about his business. He borrowedbooks from the library, talked to successful people in the field, and began planning carefully theamount of money and the kinds and numbers of supplies he would probably need. When hefinally opened with a capital of $1,500, he set up his office in the kitchen and his printingpress in the garage. Owing to his devotion to business, his talent, and his skill in management,Mother Earth now has a circulation of 300, 000. Not all small businesses are doing as fine as Mother Earth is 50% of the 450, 000 that startin America every year fail. Still, 95% businesses in the U.S. can be called "small".Altogether these businesses amount to 40% of America's gross national product.
According to the passage, which of the following is true of the small businesses in the US? A．All of them close down in the first two years. B．Most of them fail within the first two years. C．They all make big profits. D．Only half of them continue to operate after the first two years.
37、 According to Paragraph 2, many people start small businesses in order to A．do heavy work or earn more money B．do less paper work or take less responsibility C．do more paper work or take less responsibility D．do light work or live quiet lives
38、 What preparations did Thomas make before he started his business? A．He stayed at home. B．He borrowed money from a bank. C．He made investigations and drew up a plan. D．He wrote a book.
39、 Thomas' success can be attributed to A．his talent, his skill in management, and his devotion to his work B．his good luck C．his good relations with a business manager D．his good treatment of his workers
40、 How many businesses in the US can be called "small"? A．5% B．40% C．50% D．95% 41、回答41-46題 Tales of the Terrible Past It is not the job of fiction writers to analyze and interpret history. Yet by writing about thepast in a vivid and compelling manner, storytellers can bring earlier eras to life and force readersto consider them seriously. Among those taking on the task of recounting history are some blackwriters who attempt to examine slavery from different points of view. Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison deals specifically with the legacy of slavery inher book Beloved. The main character in this novel, a former slave called Sethe, lives in Ohioin the years following the Civil War, but she cannot free herself from her horrific memories.Through a series of flashbacks and bitter reminiscences, the reader learns how and why Setheescaped from the plantation she had lived on; the fate of her husband, who also tried to escape;and finally, what happened to the child called Beloved. Morrison's scenes of torture and murderare vivid and strongly convey the desperation of the slaves and the cruelty of their owners. Charles Johnson's Middle Passage approaches slavery from a different, yet no less violent.vantage point. His main character, Rutherford Calhoun, is a ne'er-do-well free black Americanwho stows away on a slave ship bound for Africa to collect its "cargo". Put to work after he isdiscovered, Calhoun witnesses firsthand the appalling conditions in which the captured Africansare transported. When they finally rebel and take over the ship, he finds himself in themiddle -- and is forced to come to terms with who he is and what his values are. Neither Beloved nor Middle Passage is an easy read, but both exemplify African American writes' attempts to bring significant historical situations alive for a modem audience.
This passage is mostly about A．the causes of slavery in America B．black writers in the late 20th century C．why Morrison and Johnson wrote the books they did D．two novels that deal with slavery
42、 Beloved is set A．on a slave ship B．on a plantation before the Civil War C．in Ohio after the Civil War D．in an African town
43、 The writer seems to feel that A．everyone should read Morrison's and Johnson's novels B．the books are worthwhile but challenging C．black writers should ignore racial issues D．we will repeat the past if we don't learn about it
44、 The writer emphasizes that the two books are similar in their A．use of flashbacks B．treatment of women C．criticism of whites D．portrayal of violence
45、 The word appalling means A．terrible B．surprising C．guilty D．unrealistic
第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46—50題，每題2分，共10分)閱讀下面的短文，每一篇中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。 46、回答46-51題 Farmers' Markets Charlotte Hollins knows she faces a battle. The23-year-old British farmer and her 21-year-old brother Ben arc fighting to savethe farm from developers that their father worked on since hcwas 14. ____ (46)____ "You don't often get a day off. Supermarketsput a lot of pressure on farmers to keepprices down. With fewer people workingon farms it can be isolating," she said. "There is ahigh rate ofsuicide and farming will never make you rich!" Oliver Robinson, 25, grew up on a farm in Yorkshire. ____ (47) ____ "I'm sure dadhoped I'dstay," he said. "I guess it's a nice, straightforward life, but itdoesn't appeal. For young, ambitious people, farm life would be a hard world." For Robinson, farming doesn'toffer much " in terms of money orlifestyle. " Hollins agrees that economics stops people frompursuingfarming rewards: "Providing for a vital human need, while working outdoorswithnature. " Farming is a big political issue in the UK. ____ (48)____The 2001 footand mouth crisisclosed thousands of farms, stopped meat exports, and raisedpublic consciousness of troubles in UK farming. Jamie Oliver's 2005 campaign to get children to eathealthily also highlighted the issue.This national concern spells (帶來(lái)) hope for farmers competing with powerful supermarkets. ____ (49)____ "I started going to Farmers' Markets in directdefiance (蔑視) of the big supermarkets.___50___ It's terrible," said Londoner Michael Samson.
請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．But he never considered staying on his fatherand grandfather's land. B．While most people buy food from the bigsupermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular. C．While confident they will succeed, she listsfarming's many challenges do. D．Young people prefer to live in cities. E．I seriously objected to the super-sizing ofeverything -- what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big andred? F．"Buy British" campaigns urge (鼓勵(lì)) consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
47、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．But he never considered staying on his fatherand grandfather's land. B．While most people buy food from the bigsupermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular. C．While confident they will succeed, she listsfarming's many challenges do. D．Young people prefer to live in cities. E．I seriously objected to the super-sizing ofeverything -- what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big andred? F．"Buy British" campaigns urge (鼓勵(lì)) consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
48、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．But he never considered staying on his fatherand grandfather's land. B．While most people buy food from the bigsupermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular. C．While confident they will succeed, she listsfarming's many challenges do. D．Young people prefer to live in cities. E．I seriously objected to the super-sizing ofeverything -- what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big andred? F．"Buy British" campaigns urge (鼓勵(lì)) consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
49、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．But he never considered staying on his fatherand grandfather's land. B．While most people buy food from the bigsupermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular. C．While confident they will succeed, she listsfarming's many challenges do. D．Young people prefer to live in cities. E．I seriously objected to the super-sizing ofeverything -- what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big andred? F．"Buy British" campaigns urge (鼓勵(lì)) consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
50、請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．But he never considered staying on his fatherand grandfather's land. B．While most people buy food from the bigsupermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers' Markets are becoming popular. C．While confident they will succeed, she listsfarming's many challenges do. D．Young people prefer to live in cities. E．I seriously objected to the super-sizing ofeverything -- what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big andred? F．"Buy British" campaigns urge (鼓勵(lì)) consumers not to buy cheaper imported foods.
第6部分：完形填空(第51-65題，每題1分，共15分)下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)選項(xiàng)。 51、回答{TSE}題 Free Statins ( 降膽固醇藥物) With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of____51____so that customers can reducethe heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London____52____in anew study. Statins reduce the____53____of unhealthy "LDL" cholesterol (低密度脂蛋白膽固醇)in the blood. A group of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person'sheart attack ____54 ____. In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology, Dr.Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is____55____to offset the increase in heart attack risk from____56____a cheeseburger anddrinking a milkshake. Dr Francis, from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London, whois the senior author of the study, said: "Statins don't cut out all of the ____57____effects of cheeseburgers and French fries. It's better to avoid fatty food altogether. But we've worked outthat in terms of your____58____ of having a heart attack, taking a statin can reduce your riskto more or less the same____59____as a fast food meal increases it. " "It's ironic that peopleare free to take as many unhealthy condiments in fast food outlets as they ____60 ____ , butstatins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are____61____free ofcharge. It would cost less than 5 pence per____62____not much different to a sachet ofsugar. " Dr Francis said. When people engage in risky behaviors like driving or smoking, they're encouraged to take____63____that lower their risk, like____ 64____a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters.Taking a statin is a rational way of 65 some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.
請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．change B．charge C．chain D．chance
52、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．trust B．decide C．suggest D．calculate
53、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．number B．a(chǎn)mount C．volume D．product
54、請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．frequency B．treatment C．diagnosis D．risk
55、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．severe B．enough C．weak D．a(chǎn)ctive
56、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．buying B．preparing C．eating D．cooking
57、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．unhealthy B．strong C．different D．doubtful
58、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．examination B．suffering. C．determination D．possibility
59、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．degree B．dimension C．a(chǎn)ngle D．range
60、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．use B．hate C．reject D．like
61、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．transported B．provided C．preserved D．convened
62、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．cook B．patient C．customer D．visitor
63、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．measures B．care C．a(chǎn)dvantages D．turns
64、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．buying B．wearing C．cleaning D．changing
65、 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘赺___處填上正確答案。 A．increasing B．finding C．lowering D．taking