Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section C(復(fù)合式聽寫調(diào)整為單詞及詞組聽寫，短文長度及難度不變。)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
播放聽力音頻：
Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology are top of a global league table of university reputation— in a top 100 26 by U.S. institutions.
Cambridge and Oxford make the top 10—but other U.K. universities have 27 , while Asian institutions have risen.
The rankings are based on the 28 of 17,000 academics. This list is an attempt to quantify the elusive but important quality of 29 in higher education—with its findings 30 the opinions of academics around the world.
The first such ranking by the Times Higher Education magazine, published last year, had the same top five as this year—with the two Boston-based 31 , Harvard and MIT, in first and second place.
Cambridge was once again the highest ranking U.K. university in third place, 32 Stanford and University of California, Berkeley. But Phil Baty, editor of the Times Higher Education rankings, says there is an 33 picture of U.K. universities downwards—with fewer in the top 100 and a 34 for others including Imperial College London and University College London. “Our global reputation as the home of outstanding universities has been hit,” he said.
Reflecting the rise of Asian countries as the new education superpowers, there is an increasing presence for countries such as People’s Republic of China, Japan, Singapore and South Korea.
35 its size and population, Switzerland is also seen as performing well, with three universities in the world’s top 100 universities.
Such rankings published by the Times Higher Education magazine do not have an official status, but they have become an increasingly significant part of how universities market themselves to students, particularly as higher education has become more globalized.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section B (原快速閱讀理解調(diào)整為長篇閱讀理解，篇章長度和難度不變。篇章后附有10個(gè)句子，每句一題。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出與每句所含信息相匹配的段落。) Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. How Marketers Target Kids [ A] Kids represent an important demographic to marketers because they have their own purchasing power, they influence their parents# buying decisions and they are the adult consumers of the future. Industry spending on advertising to children has exploded in the past decade, increasing from a mere $100 million in 1990 to more than $2 billion in 2000. [B ] Parents today are willing to buy more for their kids because trends such as smaller family size, dual incomes and postponing children until later in life mean that families have more disposable income. As well, guilt can play a role in spending decisions as time-stressed parents substitute material goods for time spent with their kids. Here are some of the strategies marketers employ to target kids: Pester(糾纏)Power [C ] Today’s kids have more autonomy and decision-making power within the family than in previous generations, so it follows that kids are vocal about what they want their parents to buy. “Pester power” refers to children’s ability to nag their parents into purchasing items they may not otherwise buy. Marketing to children is all about creating pester power, because advertisers know what a powerful force it can be. [D] According to the 2001 marketing industry book Kidfluence, pestering or nagging can be divided into two categories—“persistence” and “importance”. Persistence nagging (a plea, that is repeated over and over again) is not as effective as the more sophisticated “importance nagging”. This latter method appeals to parents’ desire to provide the best for their children, and plays on any guilt they may have about not having enough time for their kids. The Marriage of Psychology and Marketing [E] To effectively market to children, advertisers need to know what makes kids tick. With the help of well-paid researchers and psychologists, advertisers now have access to in-depth knowledge about children’s developmental, emotional and social needs at different ages. Using research that analyzes children’s behaviour, fantasy lives, art work, even their dreams, companies are able to craft sophisticated marketing strategies to reach young people. The issue of using child psychologists to help marketers target kids gained widespread public attention in 1999, when a group of U.S. mental health professionals issued a public letter to the American Psychological Association (APA) urging them to declare the practice unethical. The APA is currently studying the issue. Building Brand Name Loyalty [G] Canadian author Naomi Klein tracks the birth of “brand” marketing in her 2000 book No Logo. According to Klein, the mid-1980s saw the birth of a new kind of corporation—Nike, Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger, to name a few—which changed their primary corporate focus from producing products to creating an image for their brand name. By moving their manufacturing operations to countries with cheap labour, they freed up money to create their powerful marketing messages. It has been a tremendously profitable formula, and has led to the creation of some of the most wealthy and powerful multi-national corporations the world has seen. [H] Marketers plant the seeds of brand recognition in very young children, in the hopes that the seeds will grow into lifetime relationships. According to the Center for a New American Dream, babies as young as six months of age can form mental images of corporate logos and mascots. Brand loyalties can be established as early as age two, and by the time children head off to school most can recognize hundreds of brand logos. While fast food, toy and clothing companies have been cultivating brand recognition in children for years, adult-oriented businesses such as banks and automakers are now getting in on the act. Buzz or Street Marketing [I] The challenge for marketers is to cut through the intense advertising clutter (雜亂)in young people’s lives. Many companies are using “buzz marketing” —a new twist on the tried-and-true “word of mouth” method. The idea is to find the coolest kids in a community and have them use or wear your product in order to create a buzz around it. Buzz, or “street marketing”, as it’s also called, can help a company to successfully connect with the elusive (難找的)teen market by using trendsetters to give them products “cool” status. [J] Buzz marketing is particularly well-suited to the Internet, where young “Net promoters” use chat rooms and blogs to spread the word about music, clothes and other products among unsuspecting users. Commercialization in Education [ K] School used to be a place where children were protected from the advertising and consumer messages that permeated their world—but not anymore. Budget shortfalls (虧空，差額)are forcing school boards to allow corporations access to students in exchange for badly needed cash, computers and educational materials. [L] Corporations realize the power of the school environment for promoting their name and products. A school setting delivers a captive youth audience and implies the endorsement of teachers and the educational system. Marketers are eagerly exploiting this medium in a number of ways, including: 1) sponsored educational materials; 2) supplying schools with technology in exchange for high company visibility; 3) advertising posted in classrooms, school buses, on computers in exchange for funds; 4) contests and incentive programs: for example, the Pizza Hut reading incentives program in which children receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal; 5) sponsoring school events. The Internet [M ] The Internet is an extremely desirable medium for marketers wanting to target children. It’s part of youth culture.? This generation of young people is growing up with the Internet as a daily and routine part of their lives. Kids are often online alone, without parental supervision. Unlike broadcasting media, which have codes regarding advertising to kids, the Internet is unregulated. Sophisticated technologies make it easy to collect information from young people for marketing research, and to target individual children with personalized advertising. Marketing Adult Entertainment to Kids [N] Children are often aware of and want to see entertainment meant for older audiences because it is actively marketed to them. In a report released in 2000, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) revealed how the movie, music and video games industries routinely market violent entertainment to young children. [O ] The FTC studied 44 films rated “Restricted”, and discovered that 80 per cent were targeted to children under 17. Marketing plans included TV commercials run during hours when young viewers were most likely to be watching. The FTC report also highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. Mature rated video games are advertised in youth magazines; and toys based on “Restricted” movies and M-rated video games are marketed to children as young as four. 46. Guilt can affect parents" spending decisions because they don’t have enough time for their kids. 47. The Center for a New American Dream pointed out that brand loyalties could be formed as early as age two. 48. School boards allow corporations to access to students because they need money and educational materials badly. 49. The FTC report highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. 50. For this generation of young people, the Internet is a daily and routine part of their lives. 51. According to Kidfluence, “persistence nagging” is less effective than the more sophisticated “importance nagging”. 52. According to a report released by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, the movie, music and video games industries usually market violent entertainment to young children. 53. Buzz marketing is well-suited to the Internet because the interactive environment can spread messages effectively. 54. A group of U.S. mental health professionals think that it is unethical to use child psychologists to help marketers target kids. 55. According to the Pizza Hut reading incentives program, children will receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中醫(yī)(Traditional Chinese Medicine)是中華文化不可分割的一部分，為振興華夏做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。如今， 中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)(western medicine)在中國的醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域并駕齊驅(qū)。中醫(yī)以其獨(dú)特的診斷手法、系統(tǒng)的治療方式 和豐富的典籍材料，備受世界矚目。中國的中醫(yī)事業(yè)由國家中醫(yī)藥管理局(State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology)負(fù)責(zé)?，F(xiàn)在國家巳經(jīng)出臺(tái)了管理中醫(yī)的政策、法令和法規(guī)，引導(dǎo)并促進(jìn)這個(gè)新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的研究和 開發(fā)。在定義上，中醫(yī)是指導(dǎo)中國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥理論和實(shí)踐的一種醫(yī)學(xué)，它包括中醫(yī)療法、中草藥(herbalogy)、針 灸(acupuncture )、推拿(massage)和氣功(Qigong)。
答案及解析 Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension Section C 26. dominated (被)控制，(受)支配 27. slipped下滑;滑倒 28. perceptions 看法，認(rèn)識 29. reputation 聲譽(yù)，名譽(yù) 30. based on以…為基礎(chǔ)，基于 31. institutions 機(jī)構(gòu) 32. followed by隨后是，接著是 33. underlying隱含的，潛在的 34. decline下降，減少 Relative to 相對于
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section B 46. [B]題干意為，內(nèi)疚感會(huì)影響父母做出消費(fèi)決定，因?yàn)樗麄儧]有足夠的時(shí)間陪孩子。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)? 鍵詞guilt和parents’ spending decisions。文章段落中，論及內(nèi)疚感和影響父母購買決定的內(nèi)容在[B]段出現(xiàn)，該 段第二句提到，內(nèi)疚感能夠影響父母做出的消費(fèi)決定，忙碌的父母希望用購買的東西來彌補(bǔ)自己沒有足夠 的時(shí)間陪孩子。由此可知，題干對原文進(jìn)行了同義改寫，故答案為[B]。題干中的affect與原文中的play a role in對應(yīng)。 47. [H]。題干意為，新美國夢中心指出，孩子早在兩歲的時(shí)候就可以形成品牌忠誠度。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞 the Center for a New American Dream, brand loyalties 和 age two。文章段落中，提到新美國夢中心的內(nèi)容在[H] 段出現(xiàn)，該段第三句提到，根據(jù)新美國夢中心所說，早在兩歲的時(shí)候就可以建立品牌忠誠度，而等到開始上 學(xué)的時(shí)候，大多數(shù)孩子都可以認(rèn)識幾百個(gè)品牌標(biāo)識。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[H]。 48. [K]。題干意為，教育委員會(huì)允許企業(yè)接近學(xué)生是因?yàn)樗麄兗毙栀Y金和教學(xué)材料。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵 詞school boards。文章段落中，提到教育委員會(huì)的內(nèi)容在[K]段出現(xiàn)，該段第二句中提到，預(yù)算虧空迫使教 育委員會(huì)允許企業(yè)進(jìn)入校園，以此換取學(xué)校急需的資金、計(jì)算機(jī)和教學(xué)材料。題干對原文內(nèi)容做了概述， 故答案為[K]。 49. [O]。題干意為，聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)的報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)了一個(gè)事實(shí)，即以成人娛樂中各個(gè)角色為原型的玩具經(jīng)常被 推銷給年幼的孩子。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞FTC report和highlighted the fact。文章段落中，提到聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易 委員會(huì)(FTC)有[N]和[0]兩段，但結(jié)合題干中的highlighted the fact可知相關(guān)內(nèi)容在[0]段，該段第三句提 到，聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)的報(bào)告還強(qiáng)調(diào)了 一個(gè)事實(shí)，即基于成人娛樂中角色的玩具經(jīng)常被推銷給年幼的孩子， 題干與原文意思一致，故答案為[0]。 50. [M]。題干意為，對于這一代年輕人來說，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是他們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠?。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞this generation of young people和Internet。文章段落中，提到這一代年輕人和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)關(guān)系的內(nèi)容在[M]段，該段 第三句提到，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)伴隨著這一代年輕人長大，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是他們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠?。由此可知，題干是對原 文內(nèi)容的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[M]。 51. [D]。題干意為，根據(jù)《兒童影響力》這本書所說，“堅(jiān)持糾纏”不如更圓滑的“重要性糾纏”有效。注意抓住題 干中的關(guān)鍵詞!persistence nagging, effective和importance nagging。文章段落中，提到《兒童影響 力》這本書是在[D]段，該段第二句提到，“堅(jiān)持糾纏”就是一再地懇求)不如更圓滑的“重要性糾纏”有效。 由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[D]。題干中的less effective than與原文中的not as effective as對應(yīng)。 52. [N]。題干意為，依據(jù)美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)的一份報(bào)告，電影、音樂和電子游戲業(yè)經(jīng)常向年幼的兒童推銷暴 力娛樂。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞a report released by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission和movie, music and video games industries。文章段落中，提到美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)的報(bào)告和電影等行業(yè)的內(nèi)容在[N]段，該段第 二句中提到，美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)2000年發(fā)表的一份報(bào)告中披露了電影、音樂和電子游戲業(yè)是如何習(xí)慣性 地向年幼的兒童推銷暴力娛樂的，由此可知，題干對原文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了同義改寫，故答案為[N]。 53. [J]。題干意為，口碑營銷很適合互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，因?yàn)槠浠?dòng)的環(huán)境可以讓信息有效傳播。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵 詞buzz marketing和well-suited to the Internet。文章段落中，論及口碑營銷和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)關(guān)系的內(nèi)容在[J ]段出 現(xiàn)，該段提到，口碑營銷很適合互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，網(wǎng)上的年輕“網(wǎng)絡(luò)推銷員”利用聊天室和博客在毫無戒備心的用戶 中傳播有關(guān)音樂、服飾和其他產(chǎn)品的信息。由此可知，題干對原文進(jìn)行了同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[J]。 54. [F]。題干意為，一個(gè)美國心理健康專家小組認(rèn)為，利用兒童心理專家來幫助市場營銷人員定位兒童需求 是不道德的。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞U.S. mental health professionals，unethical和psychologists。文章段落 中，提到美國心理健康專家小組的內(nèi)容在[F]段出現(xiàn)，該段第一句提到，一個(gè)美國心理健康專家小組發(fā)表 了一封給美國心理學(xué)會(huì)(APA)的公開信，要求他們宣布那種讓兒童心理學(xué)家?guī)椭袌鰻I銷人員定位兒童 需求的做法是不道德的。題干與原文相符，故答案為[F]。 55. [L]。題干意為，根據(jù)必勝客的讀書獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)計(jì)劃，完成每月閱讀目標(biāo)的孩子可以獲得免費(fèi)比薩券。注意抓住題 干中的關(guān)鍵詞Pizza Hut和monthly reading goal。文章段落中，提到必勝客及免費(fèi)比薩的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在[L]段， 該段列舉的第四點(diǎn)內(nèi)容中提到，必勝客的讀書獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)計(jì)劃即完成每月閱讀目標(biāo)的兒童可以獲得免費(fèi)比薩券。 由此可知，題干是對原文內(nèi)容的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[L]。 Part Ⅳ Translation 參考答案 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an integral part of Chinese culture. It has made great contributions to the prosperity of China. Today both TCM and western medicine are being used in providing medical and health services in China. TCM, with its unique diagnostic methods, systematic approach, abundant historical literature and materials, has attracted a lot of attention from the international community. In China, TCM is under the administration of State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology. National strategies, laws and regulations governing TCM are now in place to guide and promote the research and development in this promising industry. TCM is defined as a medical science governing the theory and practice of traditional Chinese medicine. It includes Chinese medication, herbalogy, acupuncture, massage and Qigong. 難點(diǎn)精析： 1.不可分割的一部分：可譯為an integral part。 2.為振興華夏做出了巨大的賁獻(xiàn)：可譯為has made great contributions to the prosperity of China，其中“華夏”： 即“中國”或“中華”，可直接譯為China; “振興”此處翻譯成了名詞形式prosperity,還可譯為revitalization;“做出了 巨大的貢獻(xiàn)”可譯為 has made great contributions。 3.并駕齊驅(qū)：此處指兩者(中醫(yī)和西醫(yī))都得以應(yīng)用，可簡單地翻譯為both are being used。 4.獨(dú)特的診斷手法、系統(tǒng)的治療方式和豐富的典籍材料：三個(gè)并列的名詞短語，可分別譯為unique ： I diagnostic methods, systematic approach和abundant historical literature and materials; “典籍材料”可理解為歷史文獻(xiàn)資料，翻譯為historical literature and materials。 5.引導(dǎo)并促進(jìn)這一新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的研究和開發(fā)：“引導(dǎo)”譯為guide; “促進(jìn)”可譯為promote，還可譯為facilitate或further; “新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，，可譯為promising industry,還可譯為new industry或emerging industry。 6.中醫(yī)療法：譯為Chinese medication。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section B (原快速閱讀理解調(diào)整為長篇閱讀理解，篇章長度和難度不變。篇章后附有10個(gè)句子，每句一題。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出與每句所含信息相匹配的段落。) Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. How Marketers Target Kids [ A] Kids represent an important demographic to marketers because they have their own purchasing power, they influence their parents# buying decisions and they are the adult consumers of the future. Industry spending on advertising to children has exploded in the past decade, increasing from a mere $100 million in 1990 to more than $2 billion in 2000. [B ] Parents today are willing to buy more for their kids because trends such as smaller family size, dual incomes and postponing children until later in life mean that families have more disposable income. As well, guilt can play a role in spending decisions as time-stressed parents substitute material goods for time spent with their kids. Here are some of the strategies marketers employ to target kids: Pester(糾纏)Power [C ] Today’s kids have more autonomy and decision-making power within the family than in previous generations, so it follows that kids are vocal about what they want their parents to buy. “Pester power” refers to children’s ability to nag their parents into purchasing items they may not otherwise buy. Marketing to children is all about creating pester power, because advertisers know what a powerful force it can be. [D] According to the 2001 marketing industry book Kidfluence, pestering or nagging can be divided into two categories—“persistence” and “importance”. Persistence nagging (a plea, that is repeated over and over again) is not as effective as the more sophisticated “importance nagging”. This latter method appeals to parents’ desire to provide the best for their children, and plays on any guilt they may have about not having enough time for their kids. The Marriage of Psychology and Marketing [E] To effectively market to children, advertisers need to know what makes kids tick. With the help of well-paid researchers and psychologists, advertisers now have access to in-depth knowledge about children’s developmental, emotional and social needs at different ages. Using research that analyzes children’s behaviour, fantasy lives, art work, even their dreams, companies are able to craft sophisticated marketing strategies to reach young people. The issue of using child psychologists to help marketers target kids gained widespread public attention in 1999, when a group of U.S. mental health professionals issued a public letter to the American Psychological Association (APA) urging them to declare the practice unethical. The APA is currently studying the issue. Building Brand Name Loyalty [G] Canadian author Naomi Klein tracks the birth of “brand” marketing in her 2000 book No Logo. According to Klein, the mid-1980s saw the birth of a new kind of corporation—Nike, Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger, to name a few—which changed their primary corporate focus from producing products to creating an image for their brand name. By moving their manufacturing operations to countries with cheap labour, they freed up money to create their powerful marketing messages. It has been a tremendously profitable formula, and has led to the creation of some of the most wealthy and powerful multi-national corporations the world has seen. [H] Marketers plant the seeds of brand recognition in very young children, in the hopes that the seeds will grow into lifetime relationships. According to the Center for a New American Dream, babies as young as six months of age can form mental images of corporate logos and mascots. Brand loyalties can be established as early as age two, and by the time children head off to school most can recognize hundreds of brand logos. While fast food, toy and clothing companies have been cultivating brand recognition in children for years, adult-oriented businesses such as banks and automakers are now getting in on the act. Buzz or Street Marketing [I] The challenge for marketers is to cut through the intense advertising clutter (雜亂)in young people’s lives. Many companies are using “buzz marketing” —a new twist on the tried-and-true “word of mouth” method. The idea is to find the coolest kids in a community and have them use or wear your product in order to create a buzz around it. Buzz, or “street marketing”, as it’s also called, can help a company to successfully connect with the elusive (難找的)teen market by using trendsetters to give them products “cool” status. [J] Buzz marketing is particularly well-suited to the Internet, where young “Net promoters” use chat rooms and blogs to spread the word about music, clothes and other products among unsuspecting users. Commercialization in Education [ K] School used to be a place where children were protected from the advertising and consumer messages that permeated their world—but not anymore. Budget shortfalls (虧空，差額)are forcing school boards to allow corporations access to students in exchange for badly needed cash, computers and educational materials. [L] Corporations realize the power of the school environment for promoting their name and products. A school setting delivers a captive youth audience and implies the endorsement of teachers and the educational system. Marketers are eagerly exploiting this medium in a number of ways, including: 1) sponsored educational materials; 2) supplying schools with technology in exchange for high company visibility; 3) advertising posted in classrooms, school buses, on computers in exchange for funds; 4) contests and incentive programs: for example, the Pizza Hut reading incentives program in which children receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal; 5) sponsoring school events. The Internet [M ] The Internet is an extremely desirable medium for marketers wanting to target children. It’s part of youth culture.? This generation of young people is growing up with the Internet as a daily and routine part of their lives. Kids are often online alone, without parental supervision. Unlike broadcasting media, which have codes regarding advertising to kids, the Internet is unregulated. Sophisticated technologies make it easy to collect information from young people for marketing research, and to target individual children with personalized advertising. Marketing Adult Entertainment to Kids [N] Children are often aware of and want to see entertainment meant for older audiences because it is actively marketed to them. In a report released in 2000, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) revealed how the movie, music and video games industries routinely market violent entertainment to young children. [O ] The FTC studied 44 films rated “Restricted”, and discovered that 80 per cent were targeted to children under 17. Marketing plans included TV commercials run during hours when young viewers were most likely to be watching. The FTC report also highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. Mature rated video games are advertised in youth magazines; and toys based on “Restricted” movies and M-rated video games are marketed to children as young as four. 46. Guilt can affect parents" spending decisions because they don’t have enough time for their kids. 47. The Center for a New American Dream pointed out that brand loyalties could be formed as early as age two. 48. School boards allow corporations to access to students because they need money and educational materials badly. 49. The FTC report highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. 50. For this generation of young people, the Internet is a daily and routine part of their lives. 51. According to Kidfluence, “persistence nagging” is less effective than the more sophisticated “importance nagging”. 52. According to a report released by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, the movie, music and video games industries usually market violent entertainment to young children. 53. Buzz marketing is well-suited to the Internet because the interactive environment can spread messages effectively. 54. A group of U.S. mental health professionals think that it is unethical to use child psychologists to help marketers target kids. 55. According to the Pizza Hut reading incentives program, children will receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中醫(yī)(Traditional Chinese Medicine)是中華文化不可分割的一部分，為振興華夏做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。如今， 中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)(western medicine)在中國的醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域并駕齊驅(qū)。中醫(yī)以其獨(dú)特的診斷手法、系統(tǒng)的治療方式 和豐富的典籍材料，備受世界矚目。中國的中醫(yī)事業(yè)由國家中醫(yī)藥管理局(State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology)負(fù)責(zé)?，F(xiàn)在國家巳經(jīng)出臺(tái)了管理中醫(yī)的政策、法令和法規(guī)，引導(dǎo)并促進(jìn)這個(gè)新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的研究和 開發(fā)。在定義上，中醫(yī)是指導(dǎo)中國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥理論和實(shí)踐的一種醫(yī)學(xué)，它包括中醫(yī)療法、中草藥(herbalogy)、針 灸(acupuncture )、推拿(massage)和氣功(Qigong)。
答案及解析 Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension Section C 26. dominated (被)控制，(受)支配 27. slipped下滑;滑倒 28. perceptions 看法，認(rèn)識 29. reputation 聲譽(yù)，名譽(yù) 30. based on以…為基礎(chǔ)，基于 31. institutions 機(jī)構(gòu) 32. followed by隨后是，接著是 33. underlying隱含的，潛在的 34. decline下降，減少 Relative to 相對于
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section B 46. [B]題干意為，內(nèi)疚感會(huì)影響父母做出消費(fèi)決定，因?yàn)樗麄儧]有足夠的時(shí)間陪孩子。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)? 鍵詞guilt和parents’ spending decisions。文章段落中，論及內(nèi)疚感和影響父母購買決定的內(nèi)容在[B]段出現(xiàn)，該 段第二句提到，內(nèi)疚感能夠影響父母做出的消費(fèi)決定，忙碌的父母希望用購買的東西來彌補(bǔ)自己沒有足夠 的時(shí)間陪孩子。由此可知，題干對原文進(jìn)行了同義改寫，故答案為[B]。題干中的affect與原文中的play a role in對應(yīng)。 47. [H]。題干意為，新美國夢中心指出，孩子早在兩歲的時(shí)候就可以形成品牌忠誠度。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞 the Center for a New American Dream, brand loyalties 和 age two。文章段落中，提到新美國夢中心的內(nèi)容在[H] 段出現(xiàn)，該段第三句提到，根據(jù)新美國夢中心所說，早在兩歲的時(shí)候就可以建立品牌忠誠度，而等到開始上 學(xué)的時(shí)候，大多數(shù)孩子都可以認(rèn)識幾百個(gè)品牌標(biāo)識。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[H]。 48. [K]。題干意為，教育委員會(huì)允許企業(yè)接近學(xué)生是因?yàn)樗麄兗毙栀Y金和教學(xué)材料。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵 詞school boards。文章段落中，提到教育委員會(huì)的內(nèi)容在[K]段出現(xiàn)，該段第二句中提到，預(yù)算虧空迫使教 育委員會(huì)允許企業(yè)進(jìn)入校園，以此換取學(xué)校急需的資金、計(jì)算機(jī)和教學(xué)材料。題干對原文內(nèi)容做了概述， 故答案為[K]。 49. [O]。題干意為，聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)的報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)了一個(gè)事實(shí)，即以成人娛樂中各個(gè)角色為原型的玩具經(jīng)常被 推銷給年幼的孩子。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞FTC report和highlighted the fact。文章段落中，提到聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易 委員會(huì)(FTC)有[N]和[0]兩段，但結(jié)合題干中的highlighted the fact可知相關(guān)內(nèi)容在[0]段，該段第三句提 到，聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)的報(bào)告還強(qiáng)調(diào)了 一個(gè)事實(shí)，即基于成人娛樂中角色的玩具經(jīng)常被推銷給年幼的孩子， 題干與原文意思一致，故答案為[0]。 50. [M]。題干意為，對于這一代年輕人來說，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是他們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠?。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞this generation of young people和Internet。文章段落中，提到這一代年輕人和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)關(guān)系的內(nèi)容在[M]段，該段 第三句提到，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)伴隨著這一代年輕人長大，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是他們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠?。由此可知，題干是對原 文內(nèi)容的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[M]。 51. [D]。題干意為，根據(jù)《兒童影響力》這本書所說，“堅(jiān)持糾纏”不如更圓滑的“重要性糾纏”有效。注意抓住題 干中的關(guān)鍵詞!persistence nagging, effective和importance nagging。文章段落中，提到《兒童影響 力》這本書是在[D]段，該段第二句提到，“堅(jiān)持糾纏”就是一再地懇求)不如更圓滑的“重要性糾纏”有效。 由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[D]。題干中的less effective than與原文中的not as effective as對應(yīng)。 52. [N]。題干意為，依據(jù)美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)的一份報(bào)告，電影、音樂和電子游戲業(yè)經(jīng)常向年幼的兒童推銷暴 力娛樂。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞a report released by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission和movie, music and video games industries。文章段落中，提到美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)的報(bào)告和電影等行業(yè)的內(nèi)容在[N]段，該段第 二句中提到，美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)2000年發(fā)表的一份報(bào)告中披露了電影、音樂和電子游戲業(yè)是如何習(xí)慣性 地向年幼的兒童推銷暴力娛樂的，由此可知，題干對原文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了同義改寫，故答案為[N]。 53. [J]。題干意為，口碑營銷很適合互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，因?yàn)槠浠?dòng)的環(huán)境可以讓信息有效傳播。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵 詞buzz marketing和well-suited to the Internet。文章段落中，論及口碑營銷和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)關(guān)系的內(nèi)容在[J ]段出 現(xiàn)，該段提到，口碑營銷很適合互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，網(wǎng)上的年輕“網(wǎng)絡(luò)推銷員”利用聊天室和博客在毫無戒備心的用戶 中傳播有關(guān)音樂、服飾和其他產(chǎn)品的信息。由此可知，題干對原文進(jìn)行了同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[J]。 54. [F]。題干意為，一個(gè)美國心理健康專家小組認(rèn)為，利用兒童心理專家來幫助市場營銷人員定位兒童需求 是不道德的。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞U.S. mental health professionals，unethical和psychologists。文章段落 中，提到美國心理健康專家小組的內(nèi)容在[F]段出現(xiàn)，該段第一句提到，一個(gè)美國心理健康專家小組發(fā)表 了一封給美國心理學(xué)會(huì)(APA)的公開信，要求他們宣布那種讓兒童心理學(xué)家?guī)椭袌鰻I銷人員定位兒童 需求的做法是不道德的。題干與原文相符，故答案為[F]。 55. [L]。題干意為，根據(jù)必勝客的讀書獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)計(jì)劃，完成每月閱讀目標(biāo)的孩子可以獲得免費(fèi)比薩券。注意抓住題 干中的關(guān)鍵詞Pizza Hut和monthly reading goal。文章段落中，提到必勝客及免費(fèi)比薩的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在[L]段， 該段列舉的第四點(diǎn)內(nèi)容中提到，必勝客的讀書獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)計(jì)劃即完成每月閱讀目標(biāo)的兒童可以獲得免費(fèi)比薩券。 由此可知，題干是對原文內(nèi)容的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[L]。 Part Ⅳ Translation 參考答案 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an integral part of Chinese culture. It has made great contributions to the prosperity of China. Today both TCM and western medicine are being used in providing medical and health services in China. TCM, with its unique diagnostic methods, systematic approach, abundant historical literature and materials, has attracted a lot of attention from the international community. In China, TCM is under the administration of State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology. National strategies, laws and regulations governing TCM are now in place to guide and promote the research and development in this promising industry. TCM is defined as a medical science governing the theory and practice of traditional Chinese medicine. It includes Chinese medication, herbalogy, acupuncture, massage and Qigong. 難點(diǎn)精析： 1.不可分割的一部分：可譯為an integral part。 2.為振興華夏做出了巨大的賁獻(xiàn)：可譯為has made great contributions to the prosperity of China，其中“華夏”： 即“中國”或“中華”，可直接譯為China; “振興”此處翻譯成了名詞形式prosperity,還可譯為revitalization;“做出了 巨大的貢獻(xiàn)”可譯為 has made great contributions。 3.并駕齊驅(qū)：此處指兩者(中醫(yī)和西醫(yī))都得以應(yīng)用，可簡單地翻譯為both are being used。 4.獨(dú)特的診斷手法、系統(tǒng)的治療方式和豐富的典籍材料：三個(gè)并列的名詞短語，可分別譯為unique ： I diagnostic methods, systematic approach和abundant historical literature and materials; “典籍材料”可理解為歷史文獻(xiàn)資料，翻譯為historical literature and materials。 5.引導(dǎo)并促進(jìn)這一新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的研究和開發(fā)：“引導(dǎo)”譯為guide; “促進(jìn)”可譯為promote，還可譯為facilitate或further; “新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，，可譯為promising industry,還可譯為new industry或emerging industry。 6.中醫(yī)療法：譯為Chinese medication。