這篇關于初二英語上冊語法匯編，是特地為大家整理的，希望對大家有所幫助！
第一單元
一般將來時
1) shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。
“will+do” will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在爭求意見時常用于第二人稱。
Which paragraph shall I read first.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
2) be going to +不定式，表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。
The play is going to be produced next month。
c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
3) “be +doing”表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4) be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。
第二單元
征求對方意見，和一般過去時
一般過去時的用法
1)在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。
時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2)表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3)句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。
I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較：
一般過去時表示的動作或狀態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含義：她已不在人間。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著)
注意： 用過去時表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語氣。
1)動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2)情態(tài)動詞 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
第三單元
過去進行時
過去進行時
1) 概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態(tài)或動作。
2) 過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景;一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。
3) 常用的時間狀語
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
It was raining when they left the station.
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
典型例題
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應用過去時。同 時，when表時間的同時性，"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進行時。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進行;一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 "在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。
練習題http://blog.hfyhjy.com/u/5388/default.html
第四單元
直接引語和間接引語可以看書上P100
用過去時就行了
第四單元
直接引語和間接引語可以看書上P100
用過去時就行了
第五單元
If引導的條件狀語從句
條件狀語從句
連接詞主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.
if 引導的條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種。非真實條件句已在虛擬語氣中闡述。
unless = if not.
Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.
典型例題
You will be late ___ you leave immediately.
A. unless B. until C. if D. or
答案A。 句意：除非你立即走，否則你就回遲到的?？赊D化為 If you dong leave immediately, you will be late. B、D句意不對，or表轉折，句子如為 You leave immediately or you will be late.
和 will和would
注意：
1)would like; Would like to do = want to 想要，為固定搭配。
Would you like to go with me?
2)Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句中一般用some, 而不是any。
Would you like some cake?
3)否定結構中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一種委婉語氣。
Won't you sit down?
練習題(這個較簡單)
第六單元
現(xiàn)在完成時
現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀 態(tài)，其結果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去 但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在;也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或 狀態(tài)。其構成： have (has) +過去分詞。
主要句型：①for+段時間②sincesince的四種用法
1) since +過去一個時間點 (如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段時間+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +從句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段時間+ since從句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate
③“before”,放在句末④“already”,用于肯定句
⑤“yet”用于疑問句和否定句...
第一單元
一般將來時
1) shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。
“will+do” will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在爭求意見時常用于第二人稱。
Which paragraph shall I read first.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
2) be going to +不定式，表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。
The play is going to be produced next month。
c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
3) “be +doing”表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4) be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。
第二單元
征求對方意見，和一般過去時
一般過去時的用法
1)在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。
時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2)表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3)句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。
I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較：
一般過去時表示的動作或狀態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含義：她已不在人間。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著)
注意： 用過去時表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語氣。
1)動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2)情態(tài)動詞 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
第三單元
過去進行時
過去進行時
1) 概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態(tài)或動作。
2) 過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景;一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。
3) 常用的時間狀語
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
It was raining when they left the station.
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
典型例題
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應用過去時。同 時，when表時間的同時性，"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進行時。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進行;一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 "在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。
練習題http://blog.hfyhjy.com/u/5388/default.html
第四單元
直接引語和間接引語可以看書上P100
用過去時就行了
第四單元
直接引語和間接引語可以看書上P100
用過去時就行了
第五單元
If引導的條件狀語從句
條件狀語從句
連接詞主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.
if 引導的條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種。非真實條件句已在虛擬語氣中闡述。
unless = if not.
Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.
典型例題
You will be late ___ you leave immediately.
A. unless B. until C. if D. or
答案A。 句意：除非你立即走，否則你就回遲到的?？赊D化為 If you dong leave immediately, you will be late. B、D句意不對，or表轉折，句子如為 You leave immediately or you will be late.
和 will和would
注意：
1)would like; Would like to do = want to 想要，為固定搭配。
Would you like to go with me?
2)Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句中一般用some, 而不是any。
Would you like some cake?
3)否定結構中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一種委婉語氣。
Won't you sit down?
練習題(這個較簡單)
第六單元
現(xiàn)在完成時
現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀 態(tài)，其結果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去 但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在;也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或 狀態(tài)。其構成： have (has) +過去分詞。
主要句型：①for+段時間②sincesince的四種用法
1) since +過去一個時間點 (如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段時間+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +從句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段時間+ since從句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate
③“before”,放在句末④“already”,用于肯定句
⑤“yet”用于疑問句和否定句...