非限制性定語(yǔ)從句也是定于從句的一種,在高中語(yǔ)法知識(shí)中它也是非常重要的一項(xiàng)的,老師們對(duì)于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的講解也是非常重視的。因?yàn)樵诳荚囍薪?jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)該從句的講解,下面大家就跟隨小編一起來(lái)了解該從句的講解。
說(shuō)到非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的講解,還要分成不同的部分,首先大家要知道就得就是該從句的作用是什么。其實(shí)它在句子中是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的成分,不會(huì)受到主句的限制,把從句去掉之后,主句仍然是成立的。這也是為什么它會(huì)叫做非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。
其次,大家要了解該從句的形式:
非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞以及主句之間的關(guān)系不甚緊密,因而通常要用逗號(hào)與主句分隔開(kāi)。例如:
Have you seen the film Titanic, whose leading actor is world famous?
你看過(guò)“泰坦尼克號(hào)”這部電影嗎?它的男主演可是世界聞名的。
My friend, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.
我有位朋友,他一輩子服務(wù)于國(guó)際奧林匹克委員會(huì),下個(gè)月就要退休了。
在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句也分成不同的種類,在不同情況下,該從句的使用方法也是不一樣的,在考試中經(jīng)常會(huì)考察大家對(duì)于該從句不同類型的運(yùn)用。如果大家不能很好的掌握這些用法,在考試的時(shí)候就一定會(huì)丟分了,下面就是關(guān)于該從句不同類型的介紹:
(1) who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Our guide,who was a French Canadian,was an excellent cook.我們的向?qū)?,一個(gè)法裔加拿大人,擅長(zhǎng)于烹調(diào)。My gardener,who is very pessimistic,says that there will be no apples this year.我家的園丁非常悲觀,他說(shuō)今年將不結(jié)蘋(píng)果。(2) whom引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞whom用于指人,在句中作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ),作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),介詞可位于句末。如:Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.彼得現(xiàn)在回巴黎了,你在倫敦見(jiàn)過(guò)他。Mr Smith,from whom I have learned a lot,is a famous scientist.史密斯先生是一位的科學(xué)家,我從他那兒學(xué)了許多東西。(3) whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 whose是關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式,在從句中作定語(yǔ)。whose通常指人,也可指動(dòng)物或無(wú)生命的事物。如:The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩學(xué)習(xí)很努力,他的父親是位工程師。Above the trees are the mountains whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 在樹(shù)林的高處是山,其壯麗的景色完全映照在河面上。The play,whose style is rigidly formal,is typical of the period.這劇本是那個(gè)時(shí)期的典型作品,風(fēng)格拘謹(jǐn)刻板。(4) which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 關(guān)系代詞which在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中所指代和修飾的可以是主句中的名詞、形容詞、短語(yǔ)、其他從句或整個(gè)主句,在從句中作主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。① which指代主句中的名詞,被指代的名詞包括表示物、嬰兒或動(dòng)物的名詞、表示單數(shù)意義的集體名詞以及表示職業(yè)、品格等的名詞。如:These apple trees,which I planted three years ago,have not borne any fruit.這些蘋(píng)果樹(shù)是我三年前栽的,還沒(méi)有結(jié)過(guò)果實(shí)。She is an artist,which I am not.她是一位藝術(shù)家,而我不是。Water,which is a clear liquid,has many uses.水是一種清澈的液體,有許多用途。The two policemen were completely trusted,which in fact they were.那兩個(gè)警察完全受到信任,事實(shí)上,也真是如此。② which指代主句中的形容詞。如:She was very patient towards the children,which her husband seldom was.她對(duì)孩子們很耐心,她丈夫卻很少這樣。She is always careless,which we should not be. 她總是馬虎大意,我們可不應(yīng)該這樣。③ which指代主句中的某個(gè)從句。如:He said that he had never seen her before,which was not true.他說(shuō)以前從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)她,這不是真的。④ which指代整個(gè)主句。如:In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.在那么多人面前他有點(diǎn)緊張,這是可以理解的。He may have acute appendicitis,in which case he will have to be operated on.他可能得了急性盲腸炎,如果是這樣,他就得動(dòng)手術(shù)。When deeply absorbed in work,which he often was,he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 他經(jīng)常聚精會(huì)神地工作,這時(shí)他會(huì)廢寢忘食。(5) when引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞when在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),指代主句中表示時(shí)間的詞語(yǔ)。如:He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.他將把郊游推遲到5月1號(hào),那時(shí)他將有空。(6) where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞where在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),指代主句中表示地點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ)。如:They went to London,where they lived for six months.他們?nèi)チ藗惗兀谀莾捍袅肆鶄€(gè)月的時(shí)間。They reached there yesterday, where a negotiation of sale will be held.他們昨天抵達(dá)那里, 有一個(gè)關(guān)于銷售的談判在那兒舉行。(7) as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句as引出非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),代替整個(gè)主句,對(duì)其進(jìn)行說(shuō)明但通常用于像as we allaknow, as it is know, as is know to all, as it is, as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。as在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),且引出的從句位置比較靈活,可位于句首或句末,也可置于主句中間。通常均由逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開(kāi)。as有“正如……, 就像……”之意。 如:As it known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American writer.美國(guó)人都知道,馬克?吐溫是一位偉大的美國(guó)作家。(as在從句中作主語(yǔ))He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case. 他忘了帶筆,這是常事。(as在從句中作主語(yǔ))He is absorbed in work, as he often was. 他正在全神貫注地工作,他過(guò)去經(jīng)常這樣。(as在從句中作表語(yǔ))Boy as he was, he was chosen king. 他雖是孩子,卻被選為國(guó)王。(as在從句中作表語(yǔ))as we all know, the earth is round.眾所周知,地球是圓的。 (as在從句中作賓語(yǔ))The two brothers were satisfied with this decision,as was agreed beforehand.兩兄弟對(duì)此決定都滿意,這項(xiàng)決定在事前都已得到他們的同意。(as在從句中作主語(yǔ))Taiwan is,as you know,an inseparable part of China.你知道,臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)不可分割的一部分。(as在從句中作賓語(yǔ))(8)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 在介詞后引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系代詞which有時(shí)并不代表主句中某一確定的詞,而是概括整個(gè)主句的意思。介詞的選擇取決于它與先行詞的搭配或與從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的搭配。They were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines,without which the yield would be halved. 他們?nèi)贝钇咸鸭艿臈U兒,沒(méi)有它們產(chǎn)量會(huì)減少一半。They thanked Tom,without whose support they would not have succeeded.這些鄰居是北京來(lái)的,昨天我被介紹同他們認(rèn)識(shí)了。(9)“名詞/代詞+of+which / whom”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 It now has 20,000 hectares of land,more than two-thirds of which are under cultivation. 現(xiàn)在它擁有兩萬(wàn)公頃土地,其中三分之二之多已經(jīng)耕種。Light is the fast thing in the world, the speed of which is 300.000 kilometeThere are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.大廳里有三十把椅子,絕大部分是新的。The textile mill has over 8,000 workers and staff,eighty per cent of whom are women. 這家紡織廠有8千多職工,女職工占百分之八十。
通過(guò)對(duì)該從句的講解,大家可以看出,它的種類真的是非常多,不同的詞語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的從句用法都是不同的,大家要學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分不同用法所表示的含義。雖然該從句在選擇題中考察的非常多,但是大家在閱讀題中也會(huì)看見(jiàn)這樣的從句,所以說(shuō),大家學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)并不只是為了語(yǔ)法的題目,它對(duì)于大家整個(gè)英語(yǔ)水平的提升都是非常有幫助的。除此之外大家還要注意一些非限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的特殊情況:
1.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不可用that引導(dǎo), 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中用who(作主語(yǔ)) / whom(作賓語(yǔ))指人,用which(作主語(yǔ) / 賓語(yǔ))指物, 用whose作定語(yǔ)(指人 / 物)。例如:
The famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
這位試圖打反擊的籃球明星吸引了眾人的關(guān)注。
The film, whose director is an old man, is very instructive.
這部電影很有教育意義, 它的導(dǎo)演是位老人。
2.關(guān)系代詞在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不可省略,若指人時(shí),只用whom,不用who。例如:
York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city.
我去年訪問(wèn)過(guò)的約克是個(gè)古老而美麗的城市。
Please give the book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just now.
請(qǐng)把這本書(shū)交給杰西卡,就是剛才我們?cè)诖髲d里遇到的那位。
3.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不可用why引導(dǎo), 需用for which替代why。例如:
None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent.
我們沒(méi)有一個(gè)人接受他所解釋的缺席的理由。
以上的內(nèi)容就是小編給大家總結(jié)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的講解,希望能夠在大家學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法的過(guò)程中對(duì)大家有所幫助。任何一個(gè)小的語(yǔ)法在英語(yǔ)考試中都是非常重要的,常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)法考察的內(nèi)容就是單選,完形和改錯(cuò)這幾個(gè)題目,所以對(duì)于語(yǔ)法考察的內(nèi)容所占的比例也是不小的,所以大家一定要重視。
747、ones怎么用,做題技巧有哪些
摘要:小編對(duì)ones怎么用的介紹,并且把one和ones進(jìn)行區(qū)分,給大家講解了關(guān)于ones的做題的技巧。
在英語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常會(huì)有一些比較相似的詞語(yǔ),雖然有的時(shí)候只相差了一個(gè)字母,但是用法卻完全不同。很多同學(xué)都在問(wèn)小編ones怎么用,one和ones的用法有什么區(qū)別,針對(duì)大家對(duì)于ones怎么用這個(gè)問(wèn)題小編也特意為大家進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。
關(guān)于one和ones的用法其實(shí)并不是特別復(fù)雜,但是需要大家做題的時(shí)候細(xì)心一點(diǎn),雖然說(shuō)ones只比one多了一個(gè)s,但是用法上的區(qū)別卻很大。大家可以用最簡(jiǎn)單的辦法去理解,加s之后就變成了復(fù)數(shù)了的形式,事實(shí)上ones就是one的復(fù)數(shù)形式。但是很多同學(xué)就有了這樣的疑問(wèn),ones怎么用?這也是很多人都很好奇的一個(gè)問(wèn)題,針對(duì)ones怎么用這個(gè)問(wèn)題,小編給大家做出了如下的總結(jié):
one
1)代替上文中出現(xiàn)過(guò)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,表泛指(同類但不是同一)前面可以有冠詞或形容詞,也可以有this或that或another,但前不能有物主代詞:
e.g.:
I have lost my pen.I’m going to buy one.
This pen doesn’t work. I must buy another one.
I prefer this one to that one.
比較:
I’m looking for a flat. I’d like a small one with a garden.
I’m looking for a flat. I’d like one with a garden.
(不能說(shuō):... a one with a garden.)
2)作為不定人稱代詞, 可泛指“任何一個(gè)人”,有one's 和oneself形式。多用于正式文體,口語(yǔ)中也可用he/his代替第二個(gè)one/one's.
e.g.:
One has to take care of oneself and one's family if he can.
One shouldn't hesitate to correct his/one's mistakes.
If one wants to see the ruins, he must find his own guide.
(如果一個(gè)人想看那廢墟, 他必須找自己的向?qū)А?
ones
ones是one的復(fù)數(shù)形式,常用來(lái)代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,表泛指,前面不用物主代詞修飾,也不用these或those來(lái)直接修飾,除非ones前面有形容詞:
e.g.:
I have a new coat and several old ones.
These yellow waistcoats are so small. I want those green ones.
以上就是小編針對(duì)ones怎么用給大家做出的總結(jié),并且結(jié)合one的用法,讓大家更好的區(qū)分這兩個(gè)詞語(yǔ)的用法。在考試中這也是一個(gè)考點(diǎn),有的時(shí)候會(huì)在改錯(cuò)的題型中出現(xiàn)。雖然說(shuō)大家知道兩個(gè)詞的區(qū)別,但是對(duì)于考試中的答題技巧還不是非常的了解。那么小編就繼續(xù)給大家總了以下的做題技巧:
one/ones用來(lái)代替前面提到過(guò)的可數(shù)名詞,one指代單數(shù), ones指代復(fù)數(shù),所代替的是同名異物,表示泛指,可有前置定語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ),也可單獨(dú)使用,特指時(shí)必須加 the,用the one/ones 。
以上就是小編為大家總結(jié)的關(guān)于ones怎么用以及于它相關(guān)的做題技巧,其實(shí)大家在做關(guān)于one或者是ones的題目時(shí)也是很容易去分辨的,如果代指的名詞是單數(shù)就要用one,如果是復(fù)數(shù),相應(yīng)的就要用它的復(fù)數(shù)形式ones。這個(gè)小的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)并不是考試的難點(diǎn),只要大家掌握了以上的知識(shí),遇到關(guān)于ones的題目一定不會(huì)難倒大家。