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How to Choose the Best Sunglasses
如何選擇的太陽眼鏡
As summer is coming, it is time for us to be wary of too much sun. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause cumulative damage to your eyes as you age - but you can protect your vision by wearing sunglasses every day, even in cloudy weather. Here's what you need to know about choosing the best sunglasses, to prevent age-related cataracts and other eye problems over time.
隨著夏日的來臨，我們是時(shí)候要警惕那過分的太陽光了。來自太陽的紫外線輻射可能會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而對(duì)你的眼睛造成累積性損傷，但你依然可以通過每天佩戴墨鏡來保護(hù)你的視力，即使在多云的天氣。下面是你需要知道的，如何選擇的太陽眼鏡，以防止老年性白內(nèi)障及其他隨著時(shí)間的推移導(dǎo)致的眼睛問題。
How Do Sunglasses Help?
As we get older, our eyes undergo physiological changes that can cause vision problems and eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma. Ultraviolet light from the sun carries two types of radiation, UVA, and UVB rays (which also cause photoaging and wrinkling of our skin). Since UV light carries more energy than visible light, it can do greater damage to our eyes. As we age, the damage simply has more time to accumulate: a cataract, (cloudiness of the lens) for example, is believed to be caused by many years of exposure to bright sunlight. Sunglasses designed to block 100% of UVA and UVB rays so that it can protect your eyes against this cumulative damage.
太陽眼鏡是如何保護(hù)我們的眼睛？
隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們的眼睛會(huì)歷經(jīng)生理上的變化，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致視力問題和眼疾，例如老年性黃斑病變，青光眼等。來自太陽的紫外線會(huì)帶來兩種類型的輻射，UVA和UVB射線（這也導(dǎo)致我們的光照性皮膚老化和起皺紋）。由于紫外光攜帶了比可見光更多的能量，它會(huì)對(duì)我們的眼睛造成更大的損害。隨著我們年齡增大，這些損害有更多的時(shí)間來積累。例如，白內(nèi)障（眼球晶狀體混濁）就被認(rèn)為是常年暴露在刺眼的陽光下造成的。而太陽眼鏡正是為了阻擋100％的UVA和UVB射線而設(shè)計(jì)的，它能保護(hù)你的眼睛免受這種累積性損傷。
How dark should you go?
While very dark lenses might seem to offer greater protection, how dark the lens is only affects visible light, not ultraviolet light.
Natalie Hutchings, Associate Professor in the University of Waterloo's School of Optometry and Vision Science, says dark lenses can actually cause the pupil of your eye to get larger to let in more light, making UV protection even more important. "Degree of darkness and lens color or tint are not the factors which protect your eyes," she says. "It's crucial to choose glasses which block 100% all of the UV light, both UVA and UVB. This protection can be a function of the material the glasses are made of, the thickness of the material, or it may be a coating on the lens - even in lenses without any color or tint at all. It's the 100% UV blockage you should look for on the label, since you can't tell whether they have it, just by looking at the glasses."
你要選擇多深色的眼鏡呢？
盡管顏色越深的鏡片似乎能提供越大的保護(hù)，但事實(shí)上鏡片顏色的深淺僅僅影響的因素是可見光而非紫外線。
滑鐵盧大學(xué)驗(yàn)光與視力科學(xué)系副教授納塔莉·哈欽斯說，深色鏡片實(shí)際上會(huì)導(dǎo)致你的瞳孔變大，讓更多的光線進(jìn)入，因此對(duì)紫外線的防護(hù)更顯重要。"顏色深度和鏡片的顏色或者色調(diào)并非是保護(hù)你眼睛的要素，"她說道："選擇能阻擋100％包括UVA和UVB射線的紫外光太陽眼鏡，才是至關(guān)重要的。這種保護(hù)可以是來自制成的眼鏡的材料，材料的厚度或者是鏡片上的涂層--即便是那些沒有任何顏色或色調(diào)的鏡片。你在標(biāo)簽上應(yīng)該查找的正是這100％紫外線阻擋，因?yàn)槟悴荒軆H憑看眼鏡來說明它是否具有這種性質(zhì)。"
Tips for Choosing Sunglasses:
According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), the best sunglasses offer:
*100% UV protection;
*High optical quality (lenses are free of manufacturing defects like bubbles or waves that could bother your eyes);
*Scratch-resistant lenses;
*larger frame that offers more coverage of eye area
In addition, pick sunglasses that are comfortable and fit your face properly, because you'll be more inclined to wear them. Hutchings suggests that older adults may prefer larger, robust frames that are easier to handle with arthritic fingers.
選擇太陽鏡的小建議：
根據(jù)美國眼科協(xié)會(huì)（AAO），的太陽鏡應(yīng)能提供：
*100％防紫外線；
*高光學(xué)質(zhì)量（鏡頭無制造缺陷，如可能影響你眼睛的氣泡或光波）；
*防刮鏡片；
*更大的鏡框，以提供給眼周區(qū)域更大的覆蓋面。
此外，要挑選佩戴舒適并適合你臉型的太陽眼鏡，因?yàn)槟銜?huì)因此更常佩戴它。哈欽斯建議，為了方便患關(guān)節(jié)炎的手指持握，老年人可能更喜歡大且結(jié)實(shí)耐用的鏡框。
Other Ways to Protect Your Eyes in the Sun:
Sunglasses offer just one form of protection for aging eyes. Health Canada and other agencies advise also wearing a visor or wide-brimmed hat when you're outdoors, and avoiding times of brightest and most intense sunlight, such as summer days between the hours of 11am and 4pm (when the UV index is highest).
其他在陽光下保護(hù)你眼睛的方法：
太陽眼鏡僅僅為眼睛的老化提供了一種保護(hù)的方法。加拿大衛(wèi)生部及其他機(jī)構(gòu)建議，當(dāng)你要身處戶外，也應(yīng)該佩戴遮陽帽或?qū)掃吤?，并且避開陽光最亮和最猛烈的時(shí)段，如夏季白天上午11點(diǎn)到下午4點(diǎn)間（此時(shí)紫外線指數(shù)）。