新概念英語第二冊第33課課文重難點(diǎn) further notes on the text
1.nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. 幾乎過了一個(gè)星期,那姑娘才能講述自己的遭遇。
(1)這句話有兩個(gè)從句。before一直到結(jié)尾是句子的時(shí)間狀語從句。在這個(gè)從句中,explain又有自己的賓語從句,what為這個(gè)從句的主語。
(2)before在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí),有時(shí)不一定譯為"在……之前",雖然表達(dá)的是這個(gè)意思,如文中的這句話。類似的情況有:
it will be months before he can come back.要過好幾個(gè)月他才能回來。
he ran off before his mother could stop him.他母親還沒來得及阻止他,他就跑掉了。
新概念英語第二冊第33課課文重難點(diǎn) further notes on the text
1.nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. 幾乎過了一個(gè)星期,那姑娘才能講述自己的遭遇。
(1)這句話有兩個(gè)從句。before一直到結(jié)尾是句子的時(shí)間狀語從句。在這個(gè)從句中,explain又有自己的賓語從句,what為這個(gè)從句的主語。
(2)before在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí),有時(shí)不一定譯為"在……之前",雖然表達(dá)的是這個(gè)意思,如文中的這句話。類似的情況有:
it will be months before he can come back.要過好幾個(gè)月他才能回來。
he ran off before his mother could stop him.他母親還沒來得及阻止他,他就跑掉了。
2.one afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. 一天下午,她乘小船從海岸出發(fā),遇上了風(fēng)暴。
(1)我們已經(jīng)學(xué)過 set out表示"出發(fā)":
captain alison will set out at eight o'clock.艾利森船長將于8點(diǎn)鐘啟航。
set out from表示"從……出發(fā)"。
(2) be caught in表示某人"(突然)遇到/上(風(fēng)暴等)":
he was caught in a heavy rain on the way home.他在回家途中遇到了大雨。
3.then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. 她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸邊。
介詞after的賓語是動名詞spending及這個(gè)動名詞的賓語、狀語,這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)在意義上等于 after she had spent the whole nightin the water。
4.during that time she covered a distance of eight miles. 在那段時(shí)間里,她游了8英里。
(1)that time指上句話中提到的the whole night。
(2)cover可以籠統(tǒng)地表示"行過(一段路程)",根據(jù)上下文可具體譯為"走過"、"飛過"、"游過"等:
the bird covered the distance in three minutes.這只鳥用3分鐘飛完了全程。
(3)
表示具體的距離可以用"a distance of+ 具體長度"這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。
5.high up on the cliffs,在高高的峭壁上。
up為形容詞,
表示"在上面的"、"高高的"、"在較高處的",high為副詞,修飾up。
6.on arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towardsthe light she had seen.到達(dá)岸邊后,姑娘朝著她看到的燈光方向掙扎著往峭壁上爬去。
(1)"on+ 動名詞"相當(dāng)于 as soon as或 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句:
on reaching the airport, he was arrested by the police.他一到機(jī)場就被警察逮捕了。
(2) she had seen為 the light的定語從句,關(guān)系代詞 that/which省略了。
(3)up 在此處為介詞,表示"沿著……往上"。
7.that was all she remembered. 她所記得的就是這些。
that指前面(從第2句話開始)描述的內(nèi)容。she remembered為all 的定語從句,關(guān)系代詞that(不能用which)被省略了。
語法 grammar in use
用于表示方向和目的地的介詞和副詞(也被稱為小品詞)
(1)表示"上"、"下"
的兩對小品詞是on和off,up和 down:jim's standing on the roof. i hope he won't fall off.吉姆正站在房頂上。我希望他不會掉下來。
tom's climbing up the tree. i hope he won't fall down.湯姆正在爬樹。我希望他不要摔下來。
(2)表示"來"、"去"
的一對小品詞是from和to;towards的意義與to相近,表示"朝"、"向"、"接近"等; for在有些動詞后面也表示"往"、"向"的意思:
he came from moscow. he's going to new york.
他從莫斯科來。他將要去紐約。
the plane flies from moscow to new york.這架飛機(jī)從莫斯科飛往紐約。
he went towards the shop quickly.他快速地向商店走去。
he went for home.他回家了。
he left/ set out for new york yesterday.他昨天動身去紐約了。
(3)表示"進(jìn)去"、"出來"
這兩種方向的介詞為into和out of;表示"在某個(gè)地方"或"在……里面/外面"可用 at,in,out of等;表示目的地或位置往往用at:
when did you come into the restaurant?你什么時(shí)候進(jìn)的餐館?
you weren't in the restaurant when i come in.我進(jìn)來的時(shí)候你不在餐館。
we ran out of the house.我們從屋里跑了出來。
we arrived in the country on sunday.星期天我們到達(dá)鄉(xiāng)下。(范圍大時(shí)用in)
we arrived at the station in the evening.晚上我們到達(dá)車站。(范圍小時(shí)用at)
(4)表示"穿過"、"越過"、"繞過"
等動作時(shí),往往用 through,across,under,over,round等介詞:
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) word study
1.pass與past
(1)動詞 pass的過去式為 passed,過去分詞為 passed或past。當(dāng)它作及物動詞用時(shí),可以表示"經(jīng)過"、"通過(考試)"或"超過"等,作不及物動詞用時(shí)可以表示"(時(shí)間等)消逝":
you passed me without even noticing me!你從我身邊經(jīng)過時(shí)居然沒注意到我!
your sister passed me in her new car, driving at great speed.你姐姐/妹妹開著她的新車從我身旁駛過,開得非???。
i've passed/ past my french test.我法語考試通過了。
a month has passed/ past since i left home.我離開家已一個(gè)月了。
(2)past可以作形容詞、介詞、名詞等。作形容詞時(shí)表示"以前的"、"過去的"等:
many things happened in the post week.過去的這一周內(nèi)發(fā)生了許多事。
frank is proud of his past experiences.弗蘭克為自己以往的經(jīng)歷感到自豪。
作介詞時(shí)它表示"經(jīng)過"或"超出(范圍等)":
he has just walked past me.他剛從我身邊走過去。
his words are past my understanding.我不懂他的話。
作名詞時(shí)它表示"過去"、"昔時(shí)"或"往事"等:
can you tell me something about your past?您能給我講講您過去的一些事嗎?
in the past, we used to gather under the town hall clock to welcome the new year.我們過去常聚集在市政廳的大鐘下面迎新年。
2.next與other
next表示時(shí)間順序上"緊接的"、"下一個(gè)"。如果以現(xiàn)在為基準(zhǔn),則next前一般不加the;
如果以過去或?qū)淼哪骋粫r(shí)間為基準(zhǔn),則 next前面要加the或其他修飾詞:
see you next friday.下個(gè)星期五再見。
mary phoned the next day to tell us that she couldn't come to the party.第2天瑪麗打來電話告訴我們她不能來參加晚會了。
the other day指時(shí)間時(shí)可以有a few days ago的意思:
mary phoned the other day to tell us that she had arrived in london.前幾天瑪麗來電話告訴我們她已到達(dá)倫敦。
練習(xí)答案 key to written exercises
1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案
a 1 the girl set out from the coast.
2 she jumped into the sea.
3 she swam to the shore.
b 1 to 2 from/out of 3 (up) to 4 for/ from
5 from…to/ to…from 6 at 7 to 8 from
c ( sample answers)
1 a bird flew into the room.
2 the parachutist jumped from the aeroplane.
3 the child pointed at the fat lady.
4 put the milk in the refrigerator.
2.難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案
1 the other day 2 passed 3 next 4 past
3.多項(xiàng)選擇題答案
1 d 2 b 3 d 4 a 5 c 6 b
7 b 8 c 9c 10 c 11a 12 c
1.nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. 幾乎過了一個(gè)星期,那姑娘才能講述自己的遭遇。
(1)這句話有兩個(gè)從句。before一直到結(jié)尾是句子的時(shí)間狀語從句。在這個(gè)從句中,explain又有自己的賓語從句,what為這個(gè)從句的主語。
(2)before在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí),有時(shí)不一定譯為"在……之前",雖然表達(dá)的是這個(gè)意思,如文中的這句話。類似的情況有:
it will be months before he can come back.要過好幾個(gè)月他才能回來。
he ran off before his mother could stop him.他母親還沒來得及阻止他,他就跑掉了。
新概念英語第二冊第33課課文重難點(diǎn) further notes on the text
1.nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. 幾乎過了一個(gè)星期,那姑娘才能講述自己的遭遇。
(1)這句話有兩個(gè)從句。before一直到結(jié)尾是句子的時(shí)間狀語從句。在這個(gè)從句中,explain又有自己的賓語從句,what為這個(gè)從句的主語。
(2)before在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí),有時(shí)不一定譯為"在……之前",雖然表達(dá)的是這個(gè)意思,如文中的這句話。類似的情況有:
it will be months before he can come back.要過好幾個(gè)月他才能回來。
he ran off before his mother could stop him.他母親還沒來得及阻止他,他就跑掉了。
2.one afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. 一天下午,她乘小船從海岸出發(fā),遇上了風(fēng)暴。
(1)我們已經(jīng)學(xué)過 set out表示"出發(fā)":
captain alison will set out at eight o'clock.艾利森船長將于8點(diǎn)鐘啟航。
set out from表示"從……出發(fā)"。
(2) be caught in表示某人"(突然)遇到/上(風(fēng)暴等)":
he was caught in a heavy rain on the way home.他在回家途中遇到了大雨。
3.then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. 她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸邊。
介詞after的賓語是動名詞spending及這個(gè)動名詞的賓語、狀語,這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)在意義上等于 after she had spent the whole nightin the water。
4.during that time she covered a distance of eight miles. 在那段時(shí)間里,她游了8英里。
(1)that time指上句話中提到的the whole night。
(2)cover可以籠統(tǒng)地表示"行過(一段路程)",根據(jù)上下文可具體譯為"走過"、"飛過"、"游過"等:
the bird covered the distance in three minutes.這只鳥用3分鐘飛完了全程。
(3)
表示具體的距離可以用"a distance of+ 具體長度"這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。
5.high up on the cliffs,在高高的峭壁上。
up為形容詞,
表示"在上面的"、"高高的"、"在較高處的",high為副詞,修飾up。
6.on arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towardsthe light she had seen.到達(dá)岸邊后,姑娘朝著她看到的燈光方向掙扎著往峭壁上爬去。
(1)"on+ 動名詞"相當(dāng)于 as soon as或 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句:
on reaching the airport, he was arrested by the police.他一到機(jī)場就被警察逮捕了。
(2) she had seen為 the light的定語從句,關(guān)系代詞 that/which省略了。
(3)up 在此處為介詞,表示"沿著……往上"。
7.that was all she remembered. 她所記得的就是這些。
that指前面(從第2句話開始)描述的內(nèi)容。she remembered為all 的定語從句,關(guān)系代詞that(不能用which)被省略了。
語法 grammar in use
用于表示方向和目的地的介詞和副詞(也被稱為小品詞)
(1)表示"上"、"下"
的兩對小品詞是on和off,up和 down:jim's standing on the roof. i hope he won't fall off.吉姆正站在房頂上。我希望他不會掉下來。
tom's climbing up the tree. i hope he won't fall down.湯姆正在爬樹。我希望他不要摔下來。
(2)表示"來"、"去"
的一對小品詞是from和to;towards的意義與to相近,表示"朝"、"向"、"接近"等; for在有些動詞后面也表示"往"、"向"的意思:
he came from moscow. he's going to new york.
他從莫斯科來。他將要去紐約。
the plane flies from moscow to new york.這架飛機(jī)從莫斯科飛往紐約。
he went towards the shop quickly.他快速地向商店走去。
he went for home.他回家了。
he left/ set out for new york yesterday.他昨天動身去紐約了。
(3)表示"進(jìn)去"、"出來"
這兩種方向的介詞為into和out of;表示"在某個(gè)地方"或"在……里面/外面"可用 at,in,out of等;表示目的地或位置往往用at:
when did you come into the restaurant?你什么時(shí)候進(jìn)的餐館?
you weren't in the restaurant when i come in.我進(jìn)來的時(shí)候你不在餐館。
we ran out of the house.我們從屋里跑了出來。
we arrived in the country on sunday.星期天我們到達(dá)鄉(xiāng)下。(范圍大時(shí)用in)
we arrived at the station in the evening.晚上我們到達(dá)車站。(范圍小時(shí)用at)
(4)表示"穿過"、"越過"、"繞過"
等動作時(shí),往往用 through,across,under,over,round等介詞:
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) word study
1.pass與past
(1)動詞 pass的過去式為 passed,過去分詞為 passed或past。當(dāng)它作及物動詞用時(shí),可以表示"經(jīng)過"、"通過(考試)"或"超過"等,作不及物動詞用時(shí)可以表示"(時(shí)間等)消逝":
you passed me without even noticing me!你從我身邊經(jīng)過時(shí)居然沒注意到我!
your sister passed me in her new car, driving at great speed.你姐姐/妹妹開著她的新車從我身旁駛過,開得非???。
i've passed/ past my french test.我法語考試通過了。
a month has passed/ past since i left home.我離開家已一個(gè)月了。
(2)past可以作形容詞、介詞、名詞等。作形容詞時(shí)表示"以前的"、"過去的"等:
many things happened in the post week.過去的這一周內(nèi)發(fā)生了許多事。
frank is proud of his past experiences.弗蘭克為自己以往的經(jīng)歷感到自豪。
作介詞時(shí)它表示"經(jīng)過"或"超出(范圍等)":
he has just walked past me.他剛從我身邊走過去。
his words are past my understanding.我不懂他的話。
作名詞時(shí)它表示"過去"、"昔時(shí)"或"往事"等:
can you tell me something about your past?您能給我講講您過去的一些事嗎?
in the past, we used to gather under the town hall clock to welcome the new year.我們過去常聚集在市政廳的大鐘下面迎新年。
2.next與other
next表示時(shí)間順序上"緊接的"、"下一個(gè)"。如果以現(xiàn)在為基準(zhǔn),則next前一般不加the;
如果以過去或?qū)淼哪骋粫r(shí)間為基準(zhǔn),則 next前面要加the或其他修飾詞:
see you next friday.下個(gè)星期五再見。
mary phoned the next day to tell us that she couldn't come to the party.第2天瑪麗打來電話告訴我們她不能來參加晚會了。
the other day指時(shí)間時(shí)可以有a few days ago的意思:
mary phoned the other day to tell us that she had arrived in london.前幾天瑪麗來電話告訴我們她已到達(dá)倫敦。
練習(xí)答案 key to written exercises
1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案
a 1 the girl set out from the coast.
2 she jumped into the sea.
3 she swam to the shore.
b 1 to 2 from/out of 3 (up) to 4 for/ from
5 from…to/ to…from 6 at 7 to 8 from
c ( sample answers)
1 a bird flew into the room.
2 the parachutist jumped from the aeroplane.
3 the child pointed at the fat lady.
4 put the milk in the refrigerator.
2.難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案
1 the other day 2 passed 3 next 4 past
3.多項(xiàng)選擇題答案
1 d 2 b 3 d 4 a 5 c 6 b
7 b 8 c 9c 10 c 11a 12 c

