Lesson 10 Not for jazz
課文內(nèi)容：
We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living-room. It has belong to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
本文語法：被動語態(tài)
語法歸納：主動語態(tài)：主語為動作的發(fā)出者。
被動語態(tài)：主語為動作的承受者，謂語動詞為"be+過去分詞"。
五種常用時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：
1)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+done
2)一般過去式的被動語態(tài)：was/were+done
3)一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：will be+done
4)完成時的被動語態(tài)：has/have/had been+done
5)進行時的被動語態(tài)：be being+done
逐句精講：
1.We have an old musical instrument.
我們有一個古樂器。
2.It is called a clavichord.
它被叫做古鋼琴。
語言點1 call的用法：
1)call sb. sth.把某人叫做……
2)sb./sth.be called(被動語態(tài))
語言點2 call的常用短語：
1)call on拜訪，看望：I shall call on my teacher tomorrow.明天我將去看望我的老師。
2)call off(=cancel,delete)取消：The next outdoor meeting has been called off.下次的戶外會議被取消了。
3)call for需要，要求;值得：The occasion calls for a cool head.這種場合需要冷靜的頭腦。
4)call up(=call upon)召集，動員，拜訪：We called up all students on the playground.我們把所有的學生都召集到操場上。
5)call one's name叫某人的名字
6)call one's name(=say "F" words)說臟話
3.It was made in Germany in 1681.
這是一架1681年在德國制造的古鋼琴。
語言點1 was made為過去時的被動語態(tài)。
語言點2 句型結構"be made+介詞短語"
1)be made in somewhere在……地方制造
2)be made of由……制造(能看出原材料)：The bridge is made of wood.這座橋是用木頭造的。
3)be made from由……制造(看不出原材料)：The beer is made from malt, hop and water.啤酒是麥芽、啤酒花和水釀制而成的。
4)be made into被制成了……：This diamond was made into a ring.這顆鉆石被制成了一枚戒指。
5)be made by sb.被某人制造：That nice wood chair was made by my uncle.那把精美的木椅子是我叔叔做的。
4.Our clavichord is kept in the living-room.
我們的古鋼琴被擺放在客廳里。
語言點1 is kept為現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：“現(xiàn)在被保存在……”
語言點2 有關房屋的表達：attic閣樓;living room客廳;hall門廳;aisle過道;bedroom臥室;bathroom浴室;kitchen廚房;basement地下室;garage車庫;storeroom儲藏室
5.It has belong to our family for a long time.
我們家擁有這件樂器已經(jīng)很久了。
語言點1 belong to的用法：
1)屬于;為……財產(chǎn)：That book belongs to me.那本書屬于我。
2)成為……的一員：Which fishing club do you belong to?你是哪家釣魚俱樂部的成員?
語言點2 for a long time表示“很長一段時間”，往往表示一段時間，經(jīng)常和完成時態(tài)搭配使用。
6.The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.
這件樂器是我祖父多年前買的。
語言點 many years ago決定了句子的時態(tài)為一般過去時，...ago作時間狀語句子往往用一般過去時，而since則常常出現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中。
7.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.
近，古鋼琴被一個客人損壞了。
語言點 visitor指“游客，觀光者，訪問者”：Visitor Not Admittted謝絕參觀
8.She tried to play jazz on it!
她竟然用古鋼琴來演奏爵士樂。
語言點 1)play sth. on+樂器表示在何種樂器上演奏某種音樂;
2)play+the+樂器表示演奏何種樂器。
9.She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.
她用勁太大以至于把其中的兩根弦都弄斷了。
語言點 比較學習：too, very
1)too表示“太，過于”：The scenery is too beautiful for words.風景美得無法形容。/You walked too quickly.你走的實在是太快了。
2)very表示“非常，很”(在合理的范圍內(nèi))：She was very hurt by her boyfriend's unkind words.她男朋友說的那些難聽的話，讓她很傷心。
10.My father was shocked.
我父親非常吃驚。
語言點 shocked既可作形容詞，意為“感到震驚的”，也是動詞過去分詞，用于被動語態(tài)，意為“被震驚”。
I was very much shocked at what I saw.眼前的情景讓我大為震驚。
11.Now we are not allowed to touch it.
現(xiàn)在，我們誰也不許再碰一下古鋼琴。
12.It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
我父親的一個朋友正在修復這架古鋼琴。
語言點1 It is being repaired by...為典型的現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。
語言點2 名詞的雙重所有格結構：of+ -'s
a friend of my mother's我母親的一個朋友
a picture of Lynn's林恩的一張照片
課文內(nèi)容：
We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living-room. It has belong to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
本文語法：被動語態(tài)
語法歸納：主動語態(tài)：主語為動作的發(fā)出者。
被動語態(tài)：主語為動作的承受者，謂語動詞為"be+過去分詞"。
五種常用時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：
1)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+done
2)一般過去式的被動語態(tài)：was/were+done
3)一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：will be+done
4)完成時的被動語態(tài)：has/have/had been+done
5)進行時的被動語態(tài)：be being+done
逐句精講：
1.We have an old musical instrument.
我們有一個古樂器。
2.It is called a clavichord.
它被叫做古鋼琴。
語言點1 call的用法：
1)call sb. sth.把某人叫做……
2)sb./sth.be called(被動語態(tài))
語言點2 call的常用短語：
1)call on拜訪，看望：I shall call on my teacher tomorrow.明天我將去看望我的老師。
2)call off(=cancel,delete)取消：The next outdoor meeting has been called off.下次的戶外會議被取消了。
3)call for需要，要求;值得：The occasion calls for a cool head.這種場合需要冷靜的頭腦。
4)call up(=call upon)召集，動員，拜訪：We called up all students on the playground.我們把所有的學生都召集到操場上。
5)call one's name叫某人的名字
6)call one's name(=say "F" words)說臟話
3.It was made in Germany in 1681.
這是一架1681年在德國制造的古鋼琴。
語言點1 was made為過去時的被動語態(tài)。
語言點2 句型結構"be made+介詞短語"
1)be made in somewhere在……地方制造
2)be made of由……制造(能看出原材料)：The bridge is made of wood.這座橋是用木頭造的。
3)be made from由……制造(看不出原材料)：The beer is made from malt, hop and water.啤酒是麥芽、啤酒花和水釀制而成的。
4)be made into被制成了……：This diamond was made into a ring.這顆鉆石被制成了一枚戒指。
5)be made by sb.被某人制造：That nice wood chair was made by my uncle.那把精美的木椅子是我叔叔做的。
4.Our clavichord is kept in the living-room.
我們的古鋼琴被擺放在客廳里。
語言點1 is kept為現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：“現(xiàn)在被保存在……”
語言點2 有關房屋的表達：attic閣樓;living room客廳;hall門廳;aisle過道;bedroom臥室;bathroom浴室;kitchen廚房;basement地下室;garage車庫;storeroom儲藏室
5.It has belong to our family for a long time.
我們家擁有這件樂器已經(jīng)很久了。
語言點1 belong to的用法：
1)屬于;為……財產(chǎn)：That book belongs to me.那本書屬于我。
2)成為……的一員：Which fishing club do you belong to?你是哪家釣魚俱樂部的成員?
語言點2 for a long time表示“很長一段時間”，往往表示一段時間，經(jīng)常和完成時態(tài)搭配使用。
6.The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.
這件樂器是我祖父多年前買的。
語言點 many years ago決定了句子的時態(tài)為一般過去時，...ago作時間狀語句子往往用一般過去時，而since則常常出現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中。
7.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.
近，古鋼琴被一個客人損壞了。
語言點 visitor指“游客，觀光者，訪問者”：Visitor Not Admittted謝絕參觀
8.She tried to play jazz on it!
她竟然用古鋼琴來演奏爵士樂。
語言點 1)play sth. on+樂器表示在何種樂器上演奏某種音樂;
2)play+the+樂器表示演奏何種樂器。
9.She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.
她用勁太大以至于把其中的兩根弦都弄斷了。
語言點 比較學習：too, very
1)too表示“太，過于”：The scenery is too beautiful for words.風景美得無法形容。/You walked too quickly.你走的實在是太快了。
2)very表示“非常，很”(在合理的范圍內(nèi))：She was very hurt by her boyfriend's unkind words.她男朋友說的那些難聽的話，讓她很傷心。
10.My father was shocked.
我父親非常吃驚。
語言點 shocked既可作形容詞，意為“感到震驚的”，也是動詞過去分詞，用于被動語態(tài)，意為“被震驚”。
I was very much shocked at what I saw.眼前的情景讓我大為震驚。
11.Now we are not allowed to touch it.
現(xiàn)在，我們誰也不許再碰一下古鋼琴。
12.It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
我父親的一個朋友正在修復這架古鋼琴。
語言點1 It is being repaired by...為典型的現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。
語言點2 名詞的雙重所有格結構：of+ -'s
a friend of my mother's我母親的一個朋友
a picture of Lynn's林恩的一張照片