2013翻譯考試高級(jí)筆譯技巧：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換
詞類轉(zhuǎn)換
詞類轉(zhuǎn)換是指英語(yǔ)中的某一詞類譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)換成另一詞類。
(一) 英語(yǔ)名詞、介詞、形容詞或副詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
(1) The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man. 因此，對(duì)于一個(gè)從事社會(huì)活動(dòng)的人來(lái)講，培養(yǎng)一種愛(ài)好和新的情趣方式，乃是至關(guān)重要的對(duì)策。
(2) The Red Army Men marched on bravely against the piercing wind. 紅軍冒著刺骨的寒風(fēng)英勇前進(jìn)。
(3) All were unconscious that this experience was a test of character; and, when the first excitement was over, felt that they had done well, and deserved praise. 大家都沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到這番經(jīng)驗(yàn)卻是一次個(gè)性的考驗(yàn)，最初的興奮過(guò)去以后，又覺(jué)得自己已經(jīng)干得不錯(cuò)了，理應(yīng)受到贊揚(yáng)。
(4) He appeared at her side, breathing audibly, a moment after she reached the stop. She gazed ahead, rigid. 她到車站不一會(huì)兒，他便出現(xiàn)在她的身旁，聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他喘息的聲音。她凝視著前方，表情嚴(yán)峻。
(5) Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. 然而，對(duì)所有這兩種類型的人來(lái)說(shuō)，變換一下看法、改變一下環(huán)境和轉(zhuǎn)換一下注意力都是最基本的需要。
(6) …and it was on the first stage of this journey, in Kenya, that she received the news of her father's death and her own accession to the throne. ……就在此行的第一站肯尼亞，她接到了父親去世并由她本人繼承王位的消息。
英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、副詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)名詞、形容詞
(1) The inflammation is characterized by red, swelling, fever, and pain. 炎癥的特點(diǎn)是紅、腫、熱、痛。
(2) The visiting guests were escorted to the Yellow Crane Tower last Sunday. 上星期天，來(lái)訪的客人和陪同人員一起參觀了黃鶴樓。
(3) Our government shows great concern for the Chinese residents abroad. 我國(guó)政府十分關(guān)心海外華僑。
(4) Formality has always characterized their relationship. 他們之間的關(guān)系，有一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，就是以禮相待。
(5) Most US spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth's atmosphere after completing their missions. 美國(guó)絕大多數(shù)間諜衛(wèi)星，按其設(shè)計(jì)，是在完成使命后，在大氣層中焚毀。
詞類轉(zhuǎn)換
詞類轉(zhuǎn)換是指英語(yǔ)中的某一詞類譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)換成另一詞類。
(一) 英語(yǔ)名詞、介詞、形容詞或副詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
(1) The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man. 因此，對(duì)于一個(gè)從事社會(huì)活動(dòng)的人來(lái)講，培養(yǎng)一種愛(ài)好和新的情趣方式，乃是至關(guān)重要的對(duì)策。
(2) The Red Army Men marched on bravely against the piercing wind. 紅軍冒著刺骨的寒風(fēng)英勇前進(jìn)。
(3) All were unconscious that this experience was a test of character; and, when the first excitement was over, felt that they had done well, and deserved praise. 大家都沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到這番經(jīng)驗(yàn)卻是一次個(gè)性的考驗(yàn)，最初的興奮過(guò)去以后，又覺(jué)得自己已經(jīng)干得不錯(cuò)了，理應(yīng)受到贊揚(yáng)。
(4) He appeared at her side, breathing audibly, a moment after she reached the stop. She gazed ahead, rigid. 她到車站不一會(huì)兒，他便出現(xiàn)在她的身旁，聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他喘息的聲音。她凝視著前方，表情嚴(yán)峻。
(5) Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. 然而，對(duì)所有這兩種類型的人來(lái)說(shuō)，變換一下看法、改變一下環(huán)境和轉(zhuǎn)換一下注意力都是最基本的需要。
(6) …and it was on the first stage of this journey, in Kenya, that she received the news of her father's death and her own accession to the throne. ……就在此行的第一站肯尼亞，她接到了父親去世并由她本人繼承王位的消息。
英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、副詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)名詞、形容詞
(1) The inflammation is characterized by red, swelling, fever, and pain. 炎癥的特點(diǎn)是紅、腫、熱、痛。
(2) The visiting guests were escorted to the Yellow Crane Tower last Sunday. 上星期天，來(lái)訪的客人和陪同人員一起參觀了黃鶴樓。
(3) Our government shows great concern for the Chinese residents abroad. 我國(guó)政府十分關(guān)心海外華僑。
(4) Formality has always characterized their relationship. 他們之間的關(guān)系，有一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，就是以禮相待。
(5) Most US spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth's atmosphere after completing their missions. 美國(guó)絕大多數(shù)間諜衛(wèi)星，按其設(shè)計(jì)，是在完成使命后，在大氣層中焚毀。