英語(yǔ)資源頻道為大家整理的china daily 雙語(yǔ)新聞：瓶裝水水質(zhì)國(guó)標(biāo)不及自來(lái)水，供大家閱讀參考。
今年3月以來(lái)，瓶裝飲用水生產(chǎn)企業(yè)農(nóng)夫山泉的“質(zhì)量門(mén)”持續(xù)發(fā)酵。這場(chǎng)風(fēng)波的核心，是輿論對(duì)地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)寬松于國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的質(zhì)疑。
Since March this year, the farmer mountain spring bottled drinking water production enterprises of "quality door" continuous fermentation. The core of this storm, is the question of public opinion on the local standards are lax in national standard.
連日來(lái)，新京報(bào)記者采訪了國(guó)內(nèi)十多位相關(guān)領(lǐng)域?qū)＜?，并收集了飲用水行業(yè)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、企業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共幾十份衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，進(jìn)行了一一比對(duì)。其背后，呈現(xiàn)出中國(guó)瓶裝水行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)亂象。
In recent days, the Beijing News reporter interviewed the domestic more than a dozen experts in related fields, and collected the drinking water industry national standards, local standards, enterprise standards were dozens of health standard, comparing the one one. Behind them, showing the bottled water industry standard in china.
在公眾的認(rèn)知中，瓶裝水應(yīng)該比自來(lái)水更安全。然而，瓶裝飲用水的國(guó)標(biāo)中，水質(zhì)指標(biāo)僅有20項(xiàng)，相比之下，自來(lái)水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中水質(zhì)指標(biāo)有106項(xiàng)；而一些病菌和微生物指標(biāo)，也被認(rèn)為瓶裝水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)寬松于自來(lái)水。
In public perception, bottled water should be safer than tap water. However, bottled drinking water standards, water quality index of only 20, compared with tap water, water quality index in the standard 106; and some bacteria and microbial index, are also considered to bottled water standards are lax in tap water.
國(guó)內(nèi)多地出現(xiàn)了“天然山泉水”等新地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，與“天然礦泉水”一字之差，但在礦物質(zhì)指標(biāo)上卻與后者相差甚遠(yuǎn)。
Home appears more "new local natural mountain spring water" and other standards, and "natural mineral water" word, but in the mineral index but with the latter differs very far.
此外，印刷在每瓶水上，理應(yīng)公開(kāi)告訴消費(fèi)者的企業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，卻成為“商業(yè)機(jī)密”，新京報(bào)記者向雀巢、可口可樂(lè)、康師傅和統(tǒng)一等多家知名企業(yè)發(fā)函要求查看其企業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，均遭拒絕。
In addition, printed on the bottle of water, should be open to tell consumers enterprise standards, it has become a "trade secrets", the Beijing News reporter sent a letter to the Nescafe, Coca Cola, Kangshifu and unity and many other well-known enterprises demanding to see the enterprise standard, have been rejected.
同時(shí)，新京報(bào)記者采訪發(fā)現(xiàn)，在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)背后，一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的確立，更改，消失更有諸多疑問(wèn)。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的背后有著行業(yè)巨頭、利益集團(tuán)不同程度的“參與”。
At the same time, the Beijing News reporters found, in the standard establishment, behind, a standard change, more questions. Standards are behind the participation of industry giant, varying degrees of "interest group".
看似清澈透明的瓶裝水中，有多少不為公眾所知的秘密？
The seemingly clear of bottled water, how much is not known to the public the secret?
【國(guó)標(biāo)之疑】
[this] GB
瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不如自來(lái)水？
Standard for bottled water than tap water?
指標(biāo)總數(shù)少，汞、甲醛等毒理指標(biāo)缺失，大腸菌群的指標(biāo)似乎略高于自來(lái)水……這樣的瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)是否低了些？
The total number of indexes, mercury, formaldehyde and other toxic index, index of coliforms seems to be slightly higher than the tap water...... Bottled water GB that is low?
瓶裝水指標(biāo)數(shù)目少于自來(lái)水
Bottled water index number less than tap water
黃越是北京的一名“白領(lǐng)”，初來(lái)北京時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這里的自來(lái)水水垢比家鄉(xiāng)重很多，懷疑自來(lái)水質(zhì)量不過(guò)關(guān)，他一直堅(jiān)持飲用各種瓶裝水。
Yellow is a "white-collar" in Beijing, first came to Beijing, he found the water scale is much heavier than the hometown, suspected of water quality is not good, he kept on drinking bottled water.
然而，今年4月，一則關(guān)于農(nóng)夫山泉的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不如自來(lái)水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的報(bào)道讓他頗為吃驚，從那時(shí)起，他開(kāi)始留意各種瓶裝水的具體名稱和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)號(hào)，卻被“天然水”、“山泉水”、“礦物質(zhì)水”、國(guó)標(biāo)、地標(biāo)、企標(biāo)等一大堆概念和名詞搞得一頭霧水。
However, in April this year, the farmer mountain spring water standards than standard reports that he was surprised, and from then on, he began to pay attention to a variety of specific names of bottled water and standard, but was "natural water", "spring water", "mineral water", GB, landmarks, such as the enterprise standard lot of concepts and terms are confused.
瓶裝水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)到底是怎樣的，是否真的比自來(lái)水安全？隨著農(nóng)夫山泉“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)風(fēng)波”的不斷發(fā)酵，黃越的問(wèn)題也成為了很多人的疑問(wèn)。
Bottled water standards is what kind of, really safer than tap water? With the continuous fermentation farmer spring "standard storm", Huang Yue problems have become a lot of people doubt.
在我國(guó)，關(guān)于包裝飲用水，目前已有4份國(guó)標(biāo)，其中一份名為《GB19298瓶（桶）裝飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的國(guó)標(biāo)（以下簡(jiǎn)稱“瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)”）適用范圍最廣。
In our country, on the packaging of drinking water, there are 4 GB, one called "GB19298 bottles (barrels) drinking water health standards" (hereinafter referred to as "the national standard of bottled water GB") the most widely applicable.
4月19日，國(guó)家衛(wèi)生計(jì)生委表示，除天然礦泉水和飲用純凈水已有明確的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)外，其他包裝飲用水均需符合瓶裝飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
In April 19th, the National Health Planning Commission said, in addition to natural mineral water and purified drinking water has a clear national standards, other packaging of drinking water are required to meet the standard of bottled drinking water hygiene.
新京報(bào)記者將這份國(guó)標(biāo)與自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)進(jìn)行對(duì)比，發(fā)現(xiàn)了諸多疑問(wèn)。
The Beijing News reporter will be the national standard GB compared with tap water, found many questions.
首當(dāng)其沖的，是水質(zhì)指標(biāo)的數(shù)目。在很多人認(rèn)知當(dāng)中，瓶裝水應(yīng)該比自來(lái)水更加干凈、安全，但在《桶（瓶）裝飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB 19298-2003）中，水質(zhì)指標(biāo)僅有21項(xiàng)，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)少于自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)（生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB 5749-2006）中的106項(xiàng)。
Be the first to bear the brunt of the, is the number of quality indicators. Many people in the cognition of bottled water than tap water, should be more clean, safe, but in "barrels (bottle) drinking water health standards" (GB 19298-2003), water quality index is only 21, far less than water GB (sanitary standard for drinking water GB 5749-2006) 106 in the.
諸如汞、銀、四氯化碳、甲醛在內(nèi)的毒理性指標(biāo)，以及pH值、硬度等較為常見(jiàn)的水質(zhì)指標(biāo)，都未出現(xiàn)在瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)中。
The toxicological indicators such as mercury, silver, carbon tetrachloride, formaldehyde, water quality index is more common and pH value, hardness, has not appeared in the bottled water gb.
中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心環(huán)境所的一位專家對(duì)新京報(bào)記者表示，指標(biāo)數(shù)目少于自來(lái)水，是因?yàn)椤捌垦b水的源水來(lái)自于自來(lái)水，所以在自來(lái)水檢測(cè)過(guò)之后，某些項(xiàng)目上，瓶裝水應(yīng)該不需要進(jìn)行檢測(cè)?！?BR> An expert of the China disease prevention and control center environment of news reporters, index number less than water, because "water bottled water comes from tap water, so after detection in water, some projects, bottled water should not need to test."
新京報(bào)記者查閱標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)的確要求原料用水符合自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)的規(guī)定，但隨著行業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展，諸如農(nóng)夫山泉之類的“天然水”，已并非使用自來(lái)水作為源水。
The Beijing News reporters access standards, requirements for bottled water GB does require raw water with tap water standard, but with the continuous development of the industry, such as the farmer spring, "water", is not to use tap water as water source.
瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滯后
Bottled water standards lag
在指標(biāo)數(shù)目之外，瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)似乎也比自來(lái)水更寬松。
The index number, bottled water GB seemed more relaxed than tap water.
瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)中大腸菌群指標(biāo)為MPN/100ml≤3，而自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)中則要求不得檢出。
Bottled water GB of coliform group indicator for MPN/100ml ≤ 3, tap water is not detectable in gb.
浙江大學(xué)食品與營(yíng)養(yǎng)系教授，博士生導(dǎo)師葉興乾此前在一篇論文中研究認(rèn)為，國(guó)家瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)微生物的要求相對(duì)較低，甚至低于自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)。
Food and nutrition professor at Zhejiang University, in a paper in the previous study that the advisor Dr. Ye Xingqian, the national standard requirements for microorganisms in bottled water is relatively low, even lower than the water gb.
中疾控環(huán)境所的專家告訴新京報(bào)記者，這是兩種不同的檢測(cè)方法所致。“以前檢測(cè)菌群是按照舊式的蘇聯(lián)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，取1L水檢測(cè)，不得超過(guò)3個(gè)菌，而后世界衛(wèi)生組織改進(jìn)了檢測(cè)方法，取100ML水，當(dāng)中不得驗(yàn)出?！痹搶＜艺f(shuō)，世衛(wèi)組織更新了檢測(cè)方法之后，自來(lái)水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)隨即更新，而瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)未更新。
The CDC environmental expert told the Beijing News reporter, this is caused by the two different test methods. "Previously detected bacteria are in accordance with the old Soviet standards, 1L water detection, shall not exceed 3 bacteria, then who improved detection methods, 100ML water, which may not be detected." The expert says, after the World Health Organization updated detection method, the standard updates the tap water, bottled water standards not updated.
“這事實(shí)上是瓶裝飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滯后，我們應(yīng)該向國(guó)際看齊?！北本┦械V泉水委員會(huì)常務(wù)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)王繡燕說(shuō)。
"This is in fact the lag of bottled drinking water standards, we should apply to the international standards." Executive vice president of the Beijing Mineral Water Commission Wang Xiuyan said.
瓶裝水自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)涉及部門(mén)不同
Bottled water GB relates to different departments
清華大學(xué)環(huán)境學(xué)院副院長(zhǎng)、飲用水安全研究所前所長(zhǎng)劉文君表示，這樣的局面反映出，我國(guó)在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定、產(chǎn)品監(jiān)管等方面還有一定的問(wèn)題。
Research Institute of Tsinghua University, vice president of environmental safety of drinking water institute director Liu Wenjun said, this situation reflects, in our country standards, product regulation, there is still a problem.
中疾控環(huán)境所的專家介紹說(shuō)，自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)的出臺(tái)涉及多個(gè)部門(mén)，2006年修訂的自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)，由衛(wèi)生部和國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)牽頭，聯(lián)合水利、環(huán)保、疾控等方面的相關(guān)單位共同修訂。
The CDC environmental experts said, water national standard involves many departments, the revised 2006 water GB, led by the Ministry of health and the National Standardization Management Committee, the relevant units and water conservancy, environmental protection, disease control and other aspects of the joint revision.
而瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要是原中國(guó)疾控中心食品所牽頭制定，涉及的部門(mén)主要在衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)，起草單位還包括了一家企業(yè)。
Bottled water is the main criteria for the Chinese CDC food led the development of related departments, mainly in the health system, the drafting unit also includes a business.
對(duì)于瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不如自來(lái)水的質(zhì)疑，國(guó)家食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估中心一位負(fù)責(zé)人向新京報(bào)記者稱，“這很復(fù)雜。幾句說(shuō)不清”。
For the question of bottled water than tap water standards, a national food safety risk assessment center responsible person told the Beijing News reporter said, "it's complicated. A few words say not clear".
新京報(bào)記者向國(guó)家食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估中心提出采訪要求，至截稿時(shí)未得到回復(fù)。
The Beijing News reporter made an interview request to the national food safety risk assessment center, to the time of no reply.
【地標(biāo)之惑】
[] landmarks.
山泉水地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)林立
With spring water standards
一些地標(biāo)未及時(shí)更新，與國(guó)標(biāo)發(fā)生了沖突；而另一些地標(biāo)中的“新概念”，容易對(duì)消費(fèi)者造成誤導(dǎo)。
Some landmarks were not updated in a timely manner, clashed with GB; while some landmarks in the "new concept", easy to mislead consumers.
山泉水概念迷惑消費(fèi)者
Mountain spring water concept confuse consumers
在此前的農(nóng)夫山泉“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)風(fēng)波”中，農(nóng)夫山泉所參照的浙江省地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（地標(biāo)），明顯不如自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)，遭輿論詬病。近日浙江省衛(wèi)生廳發(fā)文稱，地標(biāo)中的安全相關(guān)指標(biāo)不得與國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相違背，認(rèn)為農(nóng)夫山泉所參照的浙江省地標(biāo)應(yīng)“自行廢止”。
The farmer mountain spring "disturbance", the farmer mountain spring the local standard of Zhejiang province (landmark), clear as water GB, by public criticism. Recently, Zhejiang provincial health department issued a document called the safety index, landmark shall not be contrary to the national standard, think the farmer mountain spring the Zhejiang landmark should be "to be".
本應(yīng)5年前“自行廢止”的浙江地標(biāo)，被企業(yè)使用多年，相關(guān)企業(yè)和部門(mén)是否存在失職甚至違法行為？國(guó)內(nèi)還有多少這類失效地標(biāo)還在被企業(yè)采用？新京報(bào)記者就此向國(guó)家食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估中心了解，該中心回應(yīng)稱，中心不負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)管工作。
This should be 5 years ago "to be" Zhejiang landmark, used by businesses for many years, whether the relevant enterprises and departments of dereliction of duty and even illegal activities? There are many of these failure landmarks still used by the enterprise? The Beijing News reporter to the national food safety risk assessment center, the center said in response, the center is not responsible for the supervision work.
新京報(bào)記者收集了十多份地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。發(fā)現(xiàn)包裝水地標(biāo)中，“天然泉水”概念正在各地悄然興起。
The Beijing News reporters gathered more than a dozen local standards. Package is found in "water, natural spring water" concept is around quietly.
截至目前，已有包括云南、貴州、湖南、廣東、河北在內(nèi)的多個(gè)省份出臺(tái)“山泉水”地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，有的名為“天然泉水”，有的則名為“天然山泉水”。事實(shí)上，國(guó)家早已制定了“天然礦泉水”的國(guó)標(biāo)，地方紛紛訂立“山泉水”地標(biāo)，是何原因？
Up to now, many provinces including Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan already, Guangdong, Hebei, introduced the "spring water" local standards, and some called the "spring", some are called "natural mountain spring water". In fact, the state has formulated the "natural mineral water" GB, local have a "spring water" landmarks, why?
“變換名稱里的一個(gè)字，對(duì)企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)可以降低太多的成本?！敝袊?guó)礦泉水聯(lián)合委員會(huì)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)廖雷對(duì)新京報(bào)記者表示，礦泉水的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是國(guó)土資源部牽頭制定的，對(duì)于企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，瓶裝水上要想印“天然礦泉水”5個(gè)字，需要有采礦資質(zhì)的審批，此外還要對(duì)開(kāi)采地的水源進(jìn)行春夏秋冬4次檢測(cè)。在他看來(lái)，企業(yè)熱捧“山泉水”，有傍礦泉水，迷惑消費(fèi)者嫌疑。
"A word transformation in name, to the enterprise can reduce the cost too much." China Joint Commission on mineral water secretary-general Liao Lei told the Beijing News reporter said, the national standard of the mineral water is the Ministry of land and resources led the development, to the enterprise, bottled water to India "natural mineral water" 5 words, need the approval of mining qualification, in addition to the mining ground water spring summer autumn winter 4 detection. In his view, business Repeng "mountain spring water", is near the mineral water, confuse consumers.
山泉水地標(biāo)不及礦泉水國(guó)標(biāo)
Mountain spring water landmarks than mineral water GB
對(duì)比已公開(kāi)的“山泉水”地標(biāo)與“天然礦泉水”國(guó)標(biāo)，其中“山泉水”與“礦泉水”雖然只有一字之差，礦物質(zhì)的含量卻存在多處不同之處。
Comparison of published "spring water" landmark and "natural mineral water" national standard, the "spring water" and "mineral water" although only difference, but there are many differences in mineral content.
天然礦泉水國(guó)標(biāo)中規(guī)定了8項(xiàng)礦物質(zhì)的最低含量，企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的礦泉水至少要有一項(xiàng)達(dá)標(biāo)，方能稱之為“天然礦泉水”。
Natural mineral water GB stipulates the minimum content of 8 mineral, production of mineral water must have at least a standard, can be called "natural mineral water".
相比之下，一些山泉水地標(biāo)對(duì)于礦物質(zhì)含量的要求更為寬松。例如，河北省天然泉水地標(biāo)（DB13T1269-2010）中列出了5項(xiàng)礦物質(zhì)的界限指標(biāo)，但其中4項(xiàng)低于礦泉水國(guó)標(biāo)。例如該地標(biāo)中鋅的界限指標(biāo)為不低于0.05mg/L，而國(guó)標(biāo)中的這一指標(biāo)為不低于0.20mg/L，相差4倍。類似的情形在貴州等地的“山泉水”地標(biāo)中也存在。
In contrast, some spring water landmark for mineral content more relaxed. For example, Hebei province natural springs landmark (DB13T1269-2010) listed in the limit 5 indices of minerals, but 4 of them below the mineral water gb. For example, limits the landmark in zinc is not less than 0.05mg/L, and the index of the national standard of not less than 0.20mg/L, a difference of 4 times. There are also other places in Guizhou "spring water" landmark similar situations.
另一些省份的山泉水地標(biāo)，則沒(méi)有對(duì)礦物質(zhì)界限指標(biāo)作出說(shuō)明。例如，廣東飲用天然山泉水地標(biāo)（DBS44001-2011）和云南的山泉水地標(biāo)（DB53/118-2009）中，都沒(méi)有礦物質(zhì)界限指標(biāo)。專家認(rèn)為，沒(méi)有礦物質(zhì)界限指標(biāo)的所謂山泉水，和普通自來(lái)水無(wú)異。
Mountain spring water landmarks in some of the provinces, there is no explanation on mineral limits. For example, landmark of Guangdong drinking natural mountain spring water (DBS44001-2011) and spring water landmark of Yunnan (DB53/118-2009), no minerals limits. Experts believe that, without minerals limit indexes of the so-called mountain spring water, and ordinary tap water is.
中國(guó)飲料工業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)副秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)李羽楠曾解釋“天然泉水”概念，認(rèn)為除礦物質(zhì)含量不需要天然礦泉水那么高外，其他各項(xiàng)和天然礦泉水一致。而目前云南、貴州制定的“山泉水”地標(biāo)中，毒理指標(biāo)中重金屬和微生物指標(biāo)高過(guò)礦泉水國(guó)標(biāo)。礦泉水國(guó)標(biāo)規(guī)定，鎘的含量應(yīng)不超過(guò)0.003mg/L，但這兩份地標(biāo)均放寬至0.005mg/L。
Deputy Secretary General of the China Beverage Industry Association Secretary-General Li Yunan has interpreted the "natural mineral water" concept, that in addition to the mineral content does not need natural mineral water is so high, the other is consistent and natural mineral water. At present, Yunnan, Guizhou to develop a "spring water" landmarks, heavy metal and microbial index of toxicological indicators higher than mineral water gb. Mineral water GB, cadmium content should be not more than 0.003mg/L, but the two landmarks are relaxed to 0.005mg/L.
在微生物上，包括云南、貴州和湖南省瓶裝飲用天然泉水地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其大腸菌群總數(shù)限制上均為MPN/100ml≤3，而“礦泉水”國(guó)標(biāo)中為MPN/100ml≤0。這些地標(biāo)不僅不如天然礦泉水，甚至不如自來(lái)水。
In microbiology, including Yunnan, Guizhou and Hunan province of bottled drinking natural mineral water standard, the coliform limits are MPN/100ml ≤ 3, and the "mineral water" in the national standard for MPN/100ml ≤ 0. These landmark not only as natural mineral water, not even water.
企業(yè)參與制定地標(biāo)
Enterprises to participate in the formulation of the landmark
“像這樣的地方新型飲用水概念標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，多為地方企業(yè)推動(dòng)出臺(tái)，背后有他們自己的利益在里面?！绷卫渍f(shuō)。
The new concept of "drinking water standard place like this, for many local enterprises to promote the introduction of, behind their own interests in there." Liao Lei said.
新京報(bào)記者發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制定大多都有企業(yè)的參與。例如云南的那份地標(biāo)，起草單位包括了云南大山飲品有限公司、云南天外天天然飲料有限公司在內(nèi)的5家瓶裝水企業(yè)；廣東的山泉水地標(biāo)也有廣東鼎湖山泉有限公司等3家企業(yè)的參與。
The Beijing News reporter discovery, the local standards have the participation of enterprises. For example, the landmark of Yunnan, the drafting unit including the Yunnan Dashan Beverage Co. Ltd., Yunnan Tianwaitian Natural Beverage Co., Ltd., 5 enterprises spring water bottled water; Guangdong and Guangdong Dinghu landmark spring Co., 3 companies participate in the.
Since March this year, the farmer mountain spring bottled drinking water production enterprises of "quality door" continuous fermentation. The core of this storm, is the question of public opinion on the local standards are lax in national standard.
連日來(lái)，新京報(bào)記者采訪了國(guó)內(nèi)十多位相關(guān)領(lǐng)域?qū)＜?，并收集了飲用水行業(yè)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、企業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共幾十份衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，進(jìn)行了一一比對(duì)。其背后，呈現(xiàn)出中國(guó)瓶裝水行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)亂象。
In recent days, the Beijing News reporter interviewed the domestic more than a dozen experts in related fields, and collected the drinking water industry national standards, local standards, enterprise standards were dozens of health standard, comparing the one one. Behind them, showing the bottled water industry standard in china.
在公眾的認(rèn)知中，瓶裝水應(yīng)該比自來(lái)水更安全。然而，瓶裝飲用水的國(guó)標(biāo)中，水質(zhì)指標(biāo)僅有20項(xiàng)，相比之下，自來(lái)水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中水質(zhì)指標(biāo)有106項(xiàng)；而一些病菌和微生物指標(biāo)，也被認(rèn)為瓶裝水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)寬松于自來(lái)水。
In public perception, bottled water should be safer than tap water. However, bottled drinking water standards, water quality index of only 20, compared with tap water, water quality index in the standard 106; and some bacteria and microbial index, are also considered to bottled water standards are lax in tap water.
國(guó)內(nèi)多地出現(xiàn)了“天然山泉水”等新地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，與“天然礦泉水”一字之差，但在礦物質(zhì)指標(biāo)上卻與后者相差甚遠(yuǎn)。
Home appears more "new local natural mountain spring water" and other standards, and "natural mineral water" word, but in the mineral index but with the latter differs very far.
此外，印刷在每瓶水上，理應(yīng)公開(kāi)告訴消費(fèi)者的企業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，卻成為“商業(yè)機(jī)密”，新京報(bào)記者向雀巢、可口可樂(lè)、康師傅和統(tǒng)一等多家知名企業(yè)發(fā)函要求查看其企業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，均遭拒絕。
In addition, printed on the bottle of water, should be open to tell consumers enterprise standards, it has become a "trade secrets", the Beijing News reporter sent a letter to the Nescafe, Coca Cola, Kangshifu and unity and many other well-known enterprises demanding to see the enterprise standard, have been rejected.
同時(shí)，新京報(bào)記者采訪發(fā)現(xiàn)，在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)背后，一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的確立，更改，消失更有諸多疑問(wèn)。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的背后有著行業(yè)巨頭、利益集團(tuán)不同程度的“參與”。
At the same time, the Beijing News reporters found, in the standard establishment, behind, a standard change, more questions. Standards are behind the participation of industry giant, varying degrees of "interest group".
看似清澈透明的瓶裝水中，有多少不為公眾所知的秘密？
The seemingly clear of bottled water, how much is not known to the public the secret?
【國(guó)標(biāo)之疑】
[this] GB
瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不如自來(lái)水？
Standard for bottled water than tap water?
指標(biāo)總數(shù)少，汞、甲醛等毒理指標(biāo)缺失，大腸菌群的指標(biāo)似乎略高于自來(lái)水……這樣的瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)是否低了些？
The total number of indexes, mercury, formaldehyde and other toxic index, index of coliforms seems to be slightly higher than the tap water...... Bottled water GB that is low?
瓶裝水指標(biāo)數(shù)目少于自來(lái)水
Bottled water index number less than tap water
黃越是北京的一名“白領(lǐng)”，初來(lái)北京時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這里的自來(lái)水水垢比家鄉(xiāng)重很多，懷疑自來(lái)水質(zhì)量不過(guò)關(guān)，他一直堅(jiān)持飲用各種瓶裝水。
Yellow is a "white-collar" in Beijing, first came to Beijing, he found the water scale is much heavier than the hometown, suspected of water quality is not good, he kept on drinking bottled water.
然而，今年4月，一則關(guān)于農(nóng)夫山泉的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不如自來(lái)水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的報(bào)道讓他頗為吃驚，從那時(shí)起，他開(kāi)始留意各種瓶裝水的具體名稱和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)號(hào)，卻被“天然水”、“山泉水”、“礦物質(zhì)水”、國(guó)標(biāo)、地標(biāo)、企標(biāo)等一大堆概念和名詞搞得一頭霧水。
However, in April this year, the farmer mountain spring water standards than standard reports that he was surprised, and from then on, he began to pay attention to a variety of specific names of bottled water and standard, but was "natural water", "spring water", "mineral water", GB, landmarks, such as the enterprise standard lot of concepts and terms are confused.
瓶裝水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)到底是怎樣的，是否真的比自來(lái)水安全？隨著農(nóng)夫山泉“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)風(fēng)波”的不斷發(fā)酵，黃越的問(wèn)題也成為了很多人的疑問(wèn)。
Bottled water standards is what kind of, really safer than tap water? With the continuous fermentation farmer spring "standard storm", Huang Yue problems have become a lot of people doubt.
在我國(guó)，關(guān)于包裝飲用水，目前已有4份國(guó)標(biāo)，其中一份名為《GB19298瓶（桶）裝飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的國(guó)標(biāo)（以下簡(jiǎn)稱“瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)”）適用范圍最廣。
In our country, on the packaging of drinking water, there are 4 GB, one called "GB19298 bottles (barrels) drinking water health standards" (hereinafter referred to as "the national standard of bottled water GB") the most widely applicable.
4月19日，國(guó)家衛(wèi)生計(jì)生委表示，除天然礦泉水和飲用純凈水已有明確的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)外，其他包裝飲用水均需符合瓶裝飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
In April 19th, the National Health Planning Commission said, in addition to natural mineral water and purified drinking water has a clear national standards, other packaging of drinking water are required to meet the standard of bottled drinking water hygiene.
新京報(bào)記者將這份國(guó)標(biāo)與自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)進(jìn)行對(duì)比，發(fā)現(xiàn)了諸多疑問(wèn)。
The Beijing News reporter will be the national standard GB compared with tap water, found many questions.
首當(dāng)其沖的，是水質(zhì)指標(biāo)的數(shù)目。在很多人認(rèn)知當(dāng)中，瓶裝水應(yīng)該比自來(lái)水更加干凈、安全，但在《桶（瓶）裝飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB 19298-2003）中，水質(zhì)指標(biāo)僅有21項(xiàng)，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)少于自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)（生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB 5749-2006）中的106項(xiàng)。
Be the first to bear the brunt of the, is the number of quality indicators. Many people in the cognition of bottled water than tap water, should be more clean, safe, but in "barrels (bottle) drinking water health standards" (GB 19298-2003), water quality index is only 21, far less than water GB (sanitary standard for drinking water GB 5749-2006) 106 in the.
諸如汞、銀、四氯化碳、甲醛在內(nèi)的毒理性指標(biāo)，以及pH值、硬度等較為常見(jiàn)的水質(zhì)指標(biāo)，都未出現(xiàn)在瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)中。
The toxicological indicators such as mercury, silver, carbon tetrachloride, formaldehyde, water quality index is more common and pH value, hardness, has not appeared in the bottled water gb.
中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心環(huán)境所的一位專家對(duì)新京報(bào)記者表示，指標(biāo)數(shù)目少于自來(lái)水，是因?yàn)椤捌垦b水的源水來(lái)自于自來(lái)水，所以在自來(lái)水檢測(cè)過(guò)之后，某些項(xiàng)目上，瓶裝水應(yīng)該不需要進(jìn)行檢測(cè)?！?BR> An expert of the China disease prevention and control center environment of news reporters, index number less than water, because "water bottled water comes from tap water, so after detection in water, some projects, bottled water should not need to test."
新京報(bào)記者查閱標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)的確要求原料用水符合自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)的規(guī)定，但隨著行業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展，諸如農(nóng)夫山泉之類的“天然水”，已并非使用自來(lái)水作為源水。
The Beijing News reporters access standards, requirements for bottled water GB does require raw water with tap water standard, but with the continuous development of the industry, such as the farmer spring, "water", is not to use tap water as water source.
瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滯后
Bottled water standards lag
在指標(biāo)數(shù)目之外，瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)似乎也比自來(lái)水更寬松。
The index number, bottled water GB seemed more relaxed than tap water.
瓶裝水國(guó)標(biāo)中大腸菌群指標(biāo)為MPN/100ml≤3，而自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)中則要求不得檢出。
Bottled water GB of coliform group indicator for MPN/100ml ≤ 3, tap water is not detectable in gb.
浙江大學(xué)食品與營(yíng)養(yǎng)系教授，博士生導(dǎo)師葉興乾此前在一篇論文中研究認(rèn)為，國(guó)家瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)微生物的要求相對(duì)較低，甚至低于自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)。
Food and nutrition professor at Zhejiang University, in a paper in the previous study that the advisor Dr. Ye Xingqian, the national standard requirements for microorganisms in bottled water is relatively low, even lower than the water gb.
中疾控環(huán)境所的專家告訴新京報(bào)記者，這是兩種不同的檢測(cè)方法所致。“以前檢測(cè)菌群是按照舊式的蘇聯(lián)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，取1L水檢測(cè)，不得超過(guò)3個(gè)菌，而后世界衛(wèi)生組織改進(jìn)了檢測(cè)方法，取100ML水，當(dāng)中不得驗(yàn)出?！痹搶＜艺f(shuō)，世衛(wèi)組織更新了檢測(cè)方法之后，自來(lái)水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)隨即更新，而瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)未更新。
The CDC environmental expert told the Beijing News reporter, this is caused by the two different test methods. "Previously detected bacteria are in accordance with the old Soviet standards, 1L water detection, shall not exceed 3 bacteria, then who improved detection methods, 100ML water, which may not be detected." The expert says, after the World Health Organization updated detection method, the standard updates the tap water, bottled water standards not updated.
“這事實(shí)上是瓶裝飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)滯后，我們應(yīng)該向國(guó)際看齊?！北本┦械V泉水委員會(huì)常務(wù)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)王繡燕說(shuō)。
"This is in fact the lag of bottled drinking water standards, we should apply to the international standards." Executive vice president of the Beijing Mineral Water Commission Wang Xiuyan said.
瓶裝水自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)涉及部門(mén)不同
Bottled water GB relates to different departments
清華大學(xué)環(huán)境學(xué)院副院長(zhǎng)、飲用水安全研究所前所長(zhǎng)劉文君表示，這樣的局面反映出，我國(guó)在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定、產(chǎn)品監(jiān)管等方面還有一定的問(wèn)題。
Research Institute of Tsinghua University, vice president of environmental safety of drinking water institute director Liu Wenjun said, this situation reflects, in our country standards, product regulation, there is still a problem.
中疾控環(huán)境所的專家介紹說(shuō)，自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)的出臺(tái)涉及多個(gè)部門(mén)，2006年修訂的自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)，由衛(wèi)生部和國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)牽頭，聯(lián)合水利、環(huán)保、疾控等方面的相關(guān)單位共同修訂。
The CDC environmental experts said, water national standard involves many departments, the revised 2006 water GB, led by the Ministry of health and the National Standardization Management Committee, the relevant units and water conservancy, environmental protection, disease control and other aspects of the joint revision.
而瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要是原中國(guó)疾控中心食品所牽頭制定，涉及的部門(mén)主要在衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)，起草單位還包括了一家企業(yè)。
Bottled water is the main criteria for the Chinese CDC food led the development of related departments, mainly in the health system, the drafting unit also includes a business.
對(duì)于瓶裝水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不如自來(lái)水的質(zhì)疑，國(guó)家食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估中心一位負(fù)責(zé)人向新京報(bào)記者稱，“這很復(fù)雜。幾句說(shuō)不清”。
For the question of bottled water than tap water standards, a national food safety risk assessment center responsible person told the Beijing News reporter said, "it's complicated. A few words say not clear".
新京報(bào)記者向國(guó)家食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估中心提出采訪要求，至截稿時(shí)未得到回復(fù)。
The Beijing News reporter made an interview request to the national food safety risk assessment center, to the time of no reply.
【地標(biāo)之惑】
[] landmarks.
山泉水地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)林立
With spring water standards
一些地標(biāo)未及時(shí)更新，與國(guó)標(biāo)發(fā)生了沖突；而另一些地標(biāo)中的“新概念”，容易對(duì)消費(fèi)者造成誤導(dǎo)。
Some landmarks were not updated in a timely manner, clashed with GB; while some landmarks in the "new concept", easy to mislead consumers.
山泉水概念迷惑消費(fèi)者
Mountain spring water concept confuse consumers
在此前的農(nóng)夫山泉“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)風(fēng)波”中，農(nóng)夫山泉所參照的浙江省地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（地標(biāo)），明顯不如自來(lái)水國(guó)標(biāo)，遭輿論詬病。近日浙江省衛(wèi)生廳發(fā)文稱，地標(biāo)中的安全相關(guān)指標(biāo)不得與國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相違背，認(rèn)為農(nóng)夫山泉所參照的浙江省地標(biāo)應(yīng)“自行廢止”。
The farmer mountain spring "disturbance", the farmer mountain spring the local standard of Zhejiang province (landmark), clear as water GB, by public criticism. Recently, Zhejiang provincial health department issued a document called the safety index, landmark shall not be contrary to the national standard, think the farmer mountain spring the Zhejiang landmark should be "to be".
本應(yīng)5年前“自行廢止”的浙江地標(biāo)，被企業(yè)使用多年，相關(guān)企業(yè)和部門(mén)是否存在失職甚至違法行為？國(guó)內(nèi)還有多少這類失效地標(biāo)還在被企業(yè)采用？新京報(bào)記者就此向國(guó)家食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估中心了解，該中心回應(yīng)稱，中心不負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)管工作。
This should be 5 years ago "to be" Zhejiang landmark, used by businesses for many years, whether the relevant enterprises and departments of dereliction of duty and even illegal activities? There are many of these failure landmarks still used by the enterprise? The Beijing News reporter to the national food safety risk assessment center, the center said in response, the center is not responsible for the supervision work.
新京報(bào)記者收集了十多份地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。發(fā)現(xiàn)包裝水地標(biāo)中，“天然泉水”概念正在各地悄然興起。
The Beijing News reporters gathered more than a dozen local standards. Package is found in "water, natural spring water" concept is around quietly.
截至目前，已有包括云南、貴州、湖南、廣東、河北在內(nèi)的多個(gè)省份出臺(tái)“山泉水”地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，有的名為“天然泉水”，有的則名為“天然山泉水”。事實(shí)上，國(guó)家早已制定了“天然礦泉水”的國(guó)標(biāo)，地方紛紛訂立“山泉水”地標(biāo)，是何原因？
Up to now, many provinces including Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan already, Guangdong, Hebei, introduced the "spring water" local standards, and some called the "spring", some are called "natural mountain spring water". In fact, the state has formulated the "natural mineral water" GB, local have a "spring water" landmarks, why?
“變換名稱里的一個(gè)字，對(duì)企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)可以降低太多的成本?！敝袊?guó)礦泉水聯(lián)合委員會(huì)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)廖雷對(duì)新京報(bào)記者表示，礦泉水的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是國(guó)土資源部牽頭制定的，對(duì)于企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，瓶裝水上要想印“天然礦泉水”5個(gè)字，需要有采礦資質(zhì)的審批，此外還要對(duì)開(kāi)采地的水源進(jìn)行春夏秋冬4次檢測(cè)。在他看來(lái)，企業(yè)熱捧“山泉水”，有傍礦泉水，迷惑消費(fèi)者嫌疑。
"A word transformation in name, to the enterprise can reduce the cost too much." China Joint Commission on mineral water secretary-general Liao Lei told the Beijing News reporter said, the national standard of the mineral water is the Ministry of land and resources led the development, to the enterprise, bottled water to India "natural mineral water" 5 words, need the approval of mining qualification, in addition to the mining ground water spring summer autumn winter 4 detection. In his view, business Repeng "mountain spring water", is near the mineral water, confuse consumers.
山泉水地標(biāo)不及礦泉水國(guó)標(biāo)
Mountain spring water landmarks than mineral water GB
對(duì)比已公開(kāi)的“山泉水”地標(biāo)與“天然礦泉水”國(guó)標(biāo)，其中“山泉水”與“礦泉水”雖然只有一字之差，礦物質(zhì)的含量卻存在多處不同之處。
Comparison of published "spring water" landmark and "natural mineral water" national standard, the "spring water" and "mineral water" although only difference, but there are many differences in mineral content.
天然礦泉水國(guó)標(biāo)中規(guī)定了8項(xiàng)礦物質(zhì)的最低含量，企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的礦泉水至少要有一項(xiàng)達(dá)標(biāo)，方能稱之為“天然礦泉水”。
Natural mineral water GB stipulates the minimum content of 8 mineral, production of mineral water must have at least a standard, can be called "natural mineral water".
相比之下，一些山泉水地標(biāo)對(duì)于礦物質(zhì)含量的要求更為寬松。例如，河北省天然泉水地標(biāo)（DB13T1269-2010）中列出了5項(xiàng)礦物質(zhì)的界限指標(biāo)，但其中4項(xiàng)低于礦泉水國(guó)標(biāo)。例如該地標(biāo)中鋅的界限指標(biāo)為不低于0.05mg/L，而國(guó)標(biāo)中的這一指標(biāo)為不低于0.20mg/L，相差4倍。類似的情形在貴州等地的“山泉水”地標(biāo)中也存在。
In contrast, some spring water landmark for mineral content more relaxed. For example, Hebei province natural springs landmark (DB13T1269-2010) listed in the limit 5 indices of minerals, but 4 of them below the mineral water gb. For example, limits the landmark in zinc is not less than 0.05mg/L, and the index of the national standard of not less than 0.20mg/L, a difference of 4 times. There are also other places in Guizhou "spring water" landmark similar situations.
另一些省份的山泉水地標(biāo)，則沒(méi)有對(duì)礦物質(zhì)界限指標(biāo)作出說(shuō)明。例如，廣東飲用天然山泉水地標(biāo)（DBS44001-2011）和云南的山泉水地標(biāo)（DB53/118-2009）中，都沒(méi)有礦物質(zhì)界限指標(biāo)。專家認(rèn)為，沒(méi)有礦物質(zhì)界限指標(biāo)的所謂山泉水，和普通自來(lái)水無(wú)異。
Mountain spring water landmarks in some of the provinces, there is no explanation on mineral limits. For example, landmark of Guangdong drinking natural mountain spring water (DBS44001-2011) and spring water landmark of Yunnan (DB53/118-2009), no minerals limits. Experts believe that, without minerals limit indexes of the so-called mountain spring water, and ordinary tap water is.
中國(guó)飲料工業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)副秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)李羽楠曾解釋“天然泉水”概念，認(rèn)為除礦物質(zhì)含量不需要天然礦泉水那么高外，其他各項(xiàng)和天然礦泉水一致。而目前云南、貴州制定的“山泉水”地標(biāo)中，毒理指標(biāo)中重金屬和微生物指標(biāo)高過(guò)礦泉水國(guó)標(biāo)。礦泉水國(guó)標(biāo)規(guī)定，鎘的含量應(yīng)不超過(guò)0.003mg/L，但這兩份地標(biāo)均放寬至0.005mg/L。
Deputy Secretary General of the China Beverage Industry Association Secretary-General Li Yunan has interpreted the "natural mineral water" concept, that in addition to the mineral content does not need natural mineral water is so high, the other is consistent and natural mineral water. At present, Yunnan, Guizhou to develop a "spring water" landmarks, heavy metal and microbial index of toxicological indicators higher than mineral water gb. Mineral water GB, cadmium content should be not more than 0.003mg/L, but the two landmarks are relaxed to 0.005mg/L.
在微生物上，包括云南、貴州和湖南省瓶裝飲用天然泉水地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其大腸菌群總數(shù)限制上均為MPN/100ml≤3，而“礦泉水”國(guó)標(biāo)中為MPN/100ml≤0。這些地標(biāo)不僅不如天然礦泉水，甚至不如自來(lái)水。
In microbiology, including Yunnan, Guizhou and Hunan province of bottled drinking natural mineral water standard, the coliform limits are MPN/100ml ≤ 3, and the "mineral water" in the national standard for MPN/100ml ≤ 0. These landmark not only as natural mineral water, not even water.
企業(yè)參與制定地標(biāo)
Enterprises to participate in the formulation of the landmark
“像這樣的地方新型飲用水概念標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，多為地方企業(yè)推動(dòng)出臺(tái)，背后有他們自己的利益在里面?！绷卫渍f(shuō)。
The new concept of "drinking water standard place like this, for many local enterprises to promote the introduction of, behind their own interests in there." Liao Lei said.
新京報(bào)記者發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制定大多都有企業(yè)的參與。例如云南的那份地標(biāo)，起草單位包括了云南大山飲品有限公司、云南天外天天然飲料有限公司在內(nèi)的5家瓶裝水企業(yè)；廣東的山泉水地標(biāo)也有廣東鼎湖山泉有限公司等3家企業(yè)的參與。
The Beijing News reporter discovery, the local standards have the participation of enterprises. For example, the landmark of Yunnan, the drafting unit including the Yunnan Dashan Beverage Co. Ltd., Yunnan Tianwaitian Natural Beverage Co., Ltd., 5 enterprises spring water bottled water; Guangdong and Guangdong Dinghu landmark spring Co., 3 companies participate in the.