china daily 雙語新聞:各種機(jī)構(gòu)各項(xiàng)職能大科普

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英語資源頻道為大家整理的china daily 雙語新聞:各種機(jī)構(gòu)各項(xiàng)職能大科普,供大家參考:)
    中國人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議(簡稱“政協(xié)”)
    The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)
    全國政協(xié)是我國的政治協(xié)商組織,因此也稱top political advisory body。
    CPPCC設(shè)有全國委員會(huì)和地方委員會(huì),全國委員會(huì)即national committee,地方委員會(huì)即local committee,如北京市政協(xié)委員會(huì)為Beijing Municipal Committee of the CPPCC,或簡稱為 Beijing CPPCC。
    政協(xié)全體會(huì)議
    Plenary Session
    CPPCC每年舉行一次全體會(huì)議,即為plenary session;期間召開的會(huì)議一般用meeting。與全國人大一樣,政協(xié)也是五年一屆,今年即為the 12th CPPCC。全國政協(xié)第12屆一次會(huì)議即First Session of the 12th CPPCC National Committee。
    政協(xié)常委會(huì)工作報(bào)告
    Work Report of the Standing Committee of the 12th CPPCC National Committee
    第12屆政協(xié)一次會(huì)議由全國政協(xié)主席賈慶林作常委會(huì)工作報(bào)告。
    12屆全國政協(xié)主席,即為Chairman of the 12th CPPCC National COmmittee,也可寫作top Chinese political advisor。
    全國人民代表大會(huì)
    the National People's Congress (NPC)
    全國人大每五年為一屆,第十二屆人大即為the 12th NPC。
    NPC為我國立法機(jī)構(gòu),因此也可稱為top legislature或top lawmaking body。
    人大代表稱為deputy,代表團(tuán)稱為delegation,因此代表也可稱為delegate。
    各級地方人大寫法不同,依次為:
    省人大——Provincial People's Congress;
    自治區(qū)人大——Autonomous Regional People's Congress;
    直轄市人大——Municipal People's Congress;
    縣(County)、市(City)、鎮(zhèn)/鄉(xiāng)(Township)依此類推。
    十二屆全國人大一次會(huì)議主席團(tuán)
    The Presidium of the First Session of the 12th National People's Congress (NPC)
    十二屆全國人大一次會(huì)議新聞發(fā)布會(huì)是The News Conference on the First Session of the 12th National People's Congress;
    而Spokesperson for the First Session of the 12th National People's Congress (NPC)意為十二屆全國人大一次會(huì)議大會(huì)發(fā)言人。
    全國政協(xié)委員
    Member of the National Committe of CPPCC
    與人大代表團(tuán)代表delegate不同,政協(xié)某組織的代表用representative,或表達(dá)為該代表selected by或come from某組織,如海外僑胞的代表即為Representative of Returned Overseas Chinese。
    民主黨派正規(guī)用法為Non-communist Parties,無黨派人士為Individuals without Party Affiliation。
    常委會(huì)有關(guān)單詞:
    全國人大常委會(huì) - NPC Standing Committee
    常委會(huì)委員 - member of the NPC Standing Committee
    常委會(huì)秘書長 - secretary general of the NPC Standing Committee
    常委會(huì)副委員長 - vice chairman of the NPC Standing Committee
    常委會(huì)委員長 - chairman of the NPC Standing Committee(也可用top legislatior或top lawmaker)
    全國人大常委會(huì)組織機(jī)構(gòu):
    辦公廳 - General Office
    工作委員會(huì) - Working Committee
    代表資格審查委員會(huì) - Credentials Committee
    常委會(huì)下設(shè)一些專門委員會(huì) - special committees
    各專門委員會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)與之有關(guān)的日常事務(wù):
    民族委員會(huì) - Ethnic Affair Committee
    法律委員會(huì) - Law Committee
    內(nèi)務(wù)司法委員會(huì) - Internal and Judicial Affair Committee
    財(cái)政經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì) - Finance Committee
    科教文衛(wèi)委員會(huì) - Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee
    外事委員會(huì) - Foreign Affair Committee
    華僑委員會(huì) - Overseas Chinese Affair Committee
    環(huán)境與資源保護(hù)委員會(huì) - Environment and Resources Protection Commission
    農(nóng)業(yè)與農(nóng)村委員會(huì) - Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee
    NPC的職能之一:制訂和修訂憲法和重大基本法,草擬和修訂其他一些法律。
    憲法 - constitution
    基本法 - basic laws
    草案 - draft laws
    法案 - approved draft law
    條例或條令 - regulations, rules, ordinances
    NPC職能之二:選舉 elect
    國家主席和副主席 - President and Vice President
    中央軍委主席 - Chairman of the Central Military Comission
    人民法院院長 - President of the Supreme People's Court
    國務(wù)院總理 - Premier
    副總理 - Vice Premier
    國務(wù)委員 - State Coucilor
    NPC的職能之三:審查和通過 examine and approve
    國家經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃 - plans of the national economic and social development
    國家預(yù)算和執(zhí)行情況 - state budget and its implementation
    省、市、自治區(qū)和特別行政區(qū)的建立 - the establishment of provinces, municipalities, Autonomous Regions and Special Administrative Region(SAR)
    戰(zhàn)爭與和平的問題 - questions of war and peace
    人大全體會(huì)議和人大常委會(huì)的審議職責(zé)
    Bills、Motions與Proposals
    人大全體會(huì)議和人大常委會(huì)的一項(xiàng)重大職責(zé)為審議有關(guān)議案Bills、Motions及建議Proposals,這些通常涉及民眾最為關(guān)心的問題。
    人大議案常涉問題
    Public Top Concerns
    反腐倡廉 Anti-Corruption Bid
    調(diào)控房價(jià) Housing Prices Control
    貧富差距 Gap between the Rich and the Poor (Wealth Gap)
    就業(yè)問題 Employment
    醫(yī)療改革 Medical Reform
    城鄉(xiāng)差距 Rural-Urban Divide
    教育公平 Equal Access to Education
    司法公正 Judicial Justice
    政協(xié)的性質(zhì)
    Political Consultative Body
    政協(xié)是參政機(jī)構(gòu)而非立法機(jī)構(gòu),政協(xié)委員的議案為Proposals而非Motions。
    政協(xié)的基本職責(zé)
    Basic Functions of CPPCC
    政治協(xié)商 Political Consultations
    民主監(jiān)督 Democratic Supervision
    參政議政 Participate in the Discussions and the Handling of State Affairs