以下是憂考網(wǎng)英語資源頻道為大家整理的china daily雙語新聞：北京周末空氣污染嚴(yán)重 戶外活動(dòng)受限，小編給大家拜年啦 蛇年大吉大利萬事如意:)
China's capital endured its worst air pollution in recent memory over the weekend, illustrating the persistent challenge the nation's new leaders face in addressing environmental woes.
上周末北京經(jīng)歷了人們近期記憶中最嚴(yán)重的空氣污染，這凸顯出中國新一屆領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子在解決環(huán)境問題上面臨的長(zhǎng)期挑戰(zhàn)。
Officials called for residents to stay home and avoid exercising outside after the murky air darkened the skies over Beijing and surrounding areas beginning Friday.
從周五開始，北京及其周邊地區(qū)的天空被霧霾籠罩，十分昏暗，政府呼吁市民呆在室內(nèi)，不要到戶外鍛煉。
Beijing for the first time activated a new plan restricting construction and industrial activity, curbing vehicle use by government officials and ordering schools to limit outside activity, said state-run TingVoa.com news agency. The pollution was expected to linger until Wednesday, TingVoa.com said.
國有媒體新華社報(bào)道說，北京首次啟動(dòng)了限制施工和工業(yè)活動(dòng)、停駛部分公車，以及要求學(xué)校限制戶外活動(dòng)的方案。新華社說，預(yù)計(jì)污染到周三才會(huì)散去。
China's government is under pressure to clean up the country's 's environmental problems, a legacy of more than three decades of untrammeled economic growth. New Communist Party leader Xi Jinping addressed the issue directly when he took his post in November, citing a 'better environment' in a national address as among Chinese citizens' aspirations.
中國政府正面臨解決環(huán)境問題的壓力，這是30多年來不加限制的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)帶來的后果。中國共產(chǎn)黨新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人習(xí)近平去年11月上任時(shí)直接提到了這一問題，他在一次面向全國的講話中說，人民期待“更優(yōu)美的環(huán)境”。
Chinese Officials in recent months have moved to release more air-quality data. In December, the environmental ministry specifically mentioned for the first time its aim to reduce levels of PM2.5─tiny particulate matter─saying it would cut them by 5% each year in major cities and industrial areas through 2015. Last week, China's National Development and Reform Commission, the country's top economic planning body, said it expanded a pilot program nationwide that offers subsidies to coal-fired power plants that reduce nitrogen-oxide emissions.
中國官員最近幾個(gè)月開始公布更多空氣質(zhì)量數(shù)據(jù)。去年12月，中國環(huán)境保護(hù)部第一次明確提到了降低PM2.5（微小顆粒物）水平，在2015年之前，將主要城市和工業(yè)地區(qū)的PM2.5水平每年降低5%。上周，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)劃?rùn)C(jī)構(gòu)中國國家發(fā)展和改革委員會(huì)說，該機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)在全國范圍擴(kuò)大了一個(gè)為減少氮氧化物排放的煤炭發(fā)電廠提供補(bǔ)貼的試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目。
Meanwhile, the pollution appeared to peak on Saturday evening, when an air monitor at the U.S. Embassy in Beijing showed an air-quality index reading of 755. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency says an index reading of above 300 is 'extremely rare' in the U.S. and generally occurs only during events such as forest fires.
與此同時(shí)，北京的空氣污染似乎在周六早上達(dá)到了頂峰，美國駐北京大使館的空氣監(jiān)測(cè)站顯示的空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)的讀數(shù)是755。美國環(huán)境保護(hù)署(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)說，超過300的讀數(shù)在美國“極其罕見”，一般只有在森林火災(zāi)等情況下才會(huì)發(fā)生。
The monitor also showed the concentration of PM2.5 reached 886 micrograms per cubic meter on Saturday. That measure is almost 12 times the recommended standard in China and more than 25 times the standard in the U.S. The World Health Organization says chronic exposure to particles in the air contributes to the risk of developing cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, as well as lung cancer.
監(jiān)測(cè)站還顯示，周六，PM2.5濃度達(dá)到了每立方米886微克。這個(gè)水平幾乎是中國規(guī)定的正常范圍的12倍，是美國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的25倍以上。世界衛(wèi)生組織(World Health Organization)說，長(zhǎng)期吸入空氣中的微小顆?？赡軙?huì)導(dǎo)致心血管病和呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病以及肺癌。
It wasn't clear when the index last reached a similar level. The U.S. Embassy doesn't release historical data.
不清楚上一次該指數(shù)達(dá)到類似水平是什么時(shí)候。美國駐華大使館不公布?xì)v史數(shù)據(jù)。
Phone calls to China's Ministry of Environmental Protection on Sunday weren't answered, while a person at the Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center referred questions to a spokesperson who wasn't available.
周日，記者致電中國國家環(huán)保部，但電話無人接聽；北京市環(huán)境保護(hù)監(jiān)測(cè)中心的一個(gè)人要求記者有問題向發(fā)言人提問。記者無法聯(lián)系上這名發(fā)言人。
Zhou Rong, a Greenpeace climate and energy campaigner, and Vance Wagner, a senior researcher at the International Council on Clean Transportation, said stable weather patterns were the likely reason that the pollution had gathered over the weekend. The sources are cars, factories and power plants, they said, with Ms. Zhou adding that record-low temperatures have led to increased burning of coal.
綠色和平組織(Greenpeace)的氣象和能源活動(dòng)家周榮和國際清潔交通委員會(huì)(International Council on Clean Transportation)的高級(jí)研究員瓦格納(Vance Wagner)說，穩(wěn)定的天氣狀況可能是周末污染集中的原因。他們說，污染來自汽車尾氣，以及工廠和發(fā)電站的排放。周榮補(bǔ)充說，最近創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的低溫天氣導(dǎo)致煤炭的燃燒量增多。
The tainted air shrouded the city in gloom over the weekend, prompting many residents to break out face masks or simply stay indoors. Chris Buckley, owner of the Torana Clean Air Center in Beijing, said he woke up Sunday morning to find 25 emails in his inbox─three times the normal amount for that day─from customers inquiring about masks and air purifiers. 'I've received calls from parents and people who have newly arrived in Beijing,' he said. He added that he has received more calls from local Chinese customers since the government started stepping up its air monitoring in recent months.
整個(gè)周末，北京城籠罩在被污染的空氣中，一片昏暗。很多居民外出時(shí)戴上口罩，或干脆待在家中。北京一家銷售空氣凈化器的公司Torana Clean Air Center的老板巴克利(Chris Buckley)說，他周日上午起床時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)郵箱里有25封顧客發(fā)來的郵件，咨詢有關(guān)口罩和空氣凈化器方面的問題，是他以往在周日收到的郵件數(shù)量的三倍。他說，我接到父母以及很多剛到北京來的人的電話。他還說自從中國政府近幾個(gè)月開始加大空氣監(jiān)測(cè)的力度以來，他接到了更多中國國內(nèi)顧客的電話。
The weekend air quality also prompted a number of comments on China's Twitter-like microblogs, which serve as a national forum in a nation where the media are tightly controlled. 'I am really looking forward to hearing what the government will say about this,' said Ling Zhijun, senior editor of the People's Daily, the Chinese Communist Party's flagship newspaper, on his account on Sina Corp.'s SINA +1.38%Weibo microblog service. 'I especially want to know if the party secretary or the mayor are in Beijing these days. If so, how do they guarantee they can breathe safely in Beijing?'
北京周末的空氣質(zhì)量也促使網(wǎng)友在中國類似推特(Twitter)的微博客平臺(tái)留下大量評(píng)論。中國對(duì)媒體控制嚴(yán)格，微博扮演了全國性論壇的角色。中共黨報(bào)《人民日?qǐng)?bào)》高級(jí)編輯凌志軍在新浪微博中說，一直在等市政府這回說什么，尤其想知市長(zhǎng)書記這幾天是否在北京？如果在北京是怎么保障他們自己呼吸安全的？
Despite Beijing's stated efforts to confront environmental issues, it has twice delayed the nationwide rollout of tighter vehicle-emissions standards, as fuel-quality standards have lagged.
盡管中國政府明確表示將努力應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境問題，但它已兩次推遲在全國范圍內(nèi)推出更嚴(yán)格的機(jī)動(dòng)車排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，燃油質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也出現(xiàn)滯后。
The high cost to upgrade refineries to meet tighter fuel-quality standards has generated push back from state-owned oil companies such as China Petrochemical Corp., also known as Sinopec Group, the country's largest refining company by capacity. The committee responsible for fuel-quality standards in China is partly made up of representatives from the refining industry and is chaired by a Sinopec official.
對(duì)煉油廠進(jìn)行升級(jí)改造以滿足更嚴(yán)格的燃油質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)會(huì)帶來很高的成本，這遭到了中國石油化工集團(tuán)公司(China Petrochemical Corp., 簡(jiǎn)稱：中石化集團(tuán))等國有石油公司的阻撓。按產(chǎn)能計(jì)算，中石化集團(tuán)是國內(nèi)的煉油企業(yè)。中國國內(nèi)負(fù)責(zé)制定燃油質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的委員會(huì)的部分委員來自煉油行業(yè)，該委員會(huì)主席由中石化的一位官員擔(dān)任。
Sinopec began selling higher-quality fuel in Beijing in 2008 and in the cities of Shanghai and Guangzhou in 2010, a company spokesman said on Sunday. It recently started selling similar fuel in Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, he said. The spokesman added that the company has spent 200 billion yuan ($32 billion) on improving fuel quality over the past decade.
中石化一位發(fā)言人周日說，中石化從2008年開始在北京銷售品質(zhì)更高的燃油，在上海和廣州則是從2010年開始的。這位發(fā)言人說，該公司最近開始在廣東、江蘇和浙江銷售類似品質(zhì)的燃油。這位發(fā)言人還說，過去10年該公司已經(jīng)投入人民幣2,000億元（約合320億美元）用于改進(jìn)燃油質(zhì)量。
Meanwhile, Beijing didn't even make it into the top 10 Chinese cities with the worst overall air-quality index, according to the lead story on state-run China Central Television Saturday. CCTV said the worst city was Shijiazhuang, the provincial capital of northern Hebei province, which endured eight consecutive days of 'severe pollution.'
與此同時(shí)，據(jù)中國中央電視臺(tái)頭條新聞報(bào)道，北京甚至還排不上中國10大空氣質(zhì)量最差城市的行列。央視報(bào)道說，空氣質(zhì)量最差的城市是河北省會(huì)石家莊，該市已經(jīng)連續(xù)八天“重度污染”。
Most of Hebei is covered in haze, the report said, adding that the four cities with the worst air pollution in China were all located in this province.