| 試日期： | 2012年10月27日 |
| Reading Passage 1 | |
| Title: | Intelligence |
| Question types: | TRUE / FALSE / NOT GIVEN Table completion |
| 文章內(nèi)容回顧 |
智力的分類 |
| 題型難度分析 | 難度偏低，本文只有兩種題型，且都是有順序的題目，降低了做題難度。是非無判斷的題量較大，在一定程度上降低了定位的難度。 |
| 題型技巧分析 | 是非無判斷題： 解題思路： 1. 關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文中與題目出現(xiàn)重復(fù)的段落 2. 判斷方式不包含任何邏輯推理 TRUE: 是原文中同義近義改寫 FALSE: 對于原文信息的直接改寫 NOT GIVEN: 原文沒有信息，或通過原文信息不能直接推理出來 3. 書寫應(yīng)該規(guī)范，大寫全拼。 |
| 劍橋雅思推薦原文練習(xí) | 劍橋5-3-2 Disappearing Delta 話題相似 劍橋6-2-3 題型相似 |
| Reading Passage 2 | |
| Title: | Perfume hunting（重復(fù)2009年5月16日雅思考題） |
| Question types: | Which paragraph contains the following information? TRUE / FALSE / NOT GIVEN 填空 |
| 文章內(nèi)容回顧 | 講香水的制作，科學(xué)家去馬達加斯加發(fā)現(xiàn)新的香味，用于香水制造業(yè)。 |
| 英文原文閱讀 | The Perfume Hunters Sniffing out new smells for use in cosmetics and household products involves blood, sweat and plenty of insect repellent. Tired, scratched and soaked in sweat, the hunters begin to think of turning back. Time is running out. Dusk is falling and they still haven't caught sight of their quarry. Suddenly they stop. One of the men lifts his head and sniffs. He knows they are close. He scans the undergrowth in the deepening gloom--and suddenly he spots what they have been looking for. There, hidden beneath some leaves at nose height is a tiny spike of flowers, the whole bunch no bigger than a thumbnail. Within minutes, the hunters have set their trap. All they have to do now is wait. The hard work was worth it. The next morning, there in the trap is a rare catch--a new sort of smell. For the men in the Madagascan forest are perfume hunters. And instead of rifles, they are armed with nothing more sinister than a few glass jars, a couple of pumps and some tubing which they will use to capture new and exciting fragrances to make our lives smell sweeter. Ever since the unguentari plied their trade in ancient Rome, perfumers have had to keep abreast of changing fashions. These days they have several thousand ingredients to choose from when creating new scents, but there is always a demand for new combinations. The bigger the "palette" of smells, the better the perfumer's chance of creating something new and fashionable. Even with everyday products such as shampoo and soap, consumers are becoming increasingly fussy. Cheap, synthetic smells are out. Fresh, natural smells are in. And many of today's fragrances have to survive tougher treatment than ever before, resisting the destructive power of bleach or a high temperature wash cycle. Chemists can now create new smells from synthetic molecules, but nature has been in the business far longer. Plants produce countless fragrant chemicals. Many are intended to attract pollinators. Others are produced for quite different purposes. The fragrant resins that ooze from wounds in a tree, for example, defend it against infection. The island of Madagascar is an evolutionary hot spot; 85% of its plants are unique, making it an ideal source for novel fragrances. So last October an expedition, including Robin Clery, a chemist, and Claude Dir, a perfume company director, explored two contrasting landscapes in northern Madagascar. Their first stop was a remnant of rainforest in the national park of Montaigne d'Ambre. The second was the tiny uninhabited island of Nosy Hara off the northwest coast. With some simple technology, borrowed from the pollution monitoring industry, and a fair amount of ingenuity, the perfume hunters bagged 20 promising new aromas in the Madagascan rainforest. Each day the team set out from their "hotel"--a wooden hut lit by kerosene lamps, and trailed up and down paths and animal tracks, exploring the thick vegetation up to 10 meters on either side of the trail. Some smells came from obvious places, often big showy flowers within easy reach. Others were harder to pin down. "Often it was the very small flowers that were much more interesting," says Clery. In fact, some of the most promising fragrances were given off by resins that oozed from the bark of trees. Resins are the source of many traditional perfumes such as frankincense and myrrh. The most exciting resin that the team found came from a Calophyllum tree, a relative of the Asian beauty leaf, which produces a strongly scented medicinal oil. The sap smelt rich and aromatic, but it also smelt of something the fragrance industry has had to learn to live without-castoretum, a substance extracted from the musk glands of beavers and once a key ingredient in many perfumes. "We don't use animal products any longer," says Dir, "so to find a tree with an animal smell is extremely precious." After the luxuriance of the rainforest, the little-known island of Nosy Hara was a stark, dry place--geologically and biologically very different from the mainland. "Apart from two beaches, the rest of the island is impenetrable, except by hacking through the bush," says Clery. One of the biggest prizes here was a sweet-smelling sap weeping from the gnarled branches of some ancient shrubby trees in the parched interior. So far no one has been able to identify the plant. The group also set out from the island to capture the smell of coral reefs. Odors that conjure up sunkissed seas are highly sought after by the perfume industry. "From the ocean, the only thing we have is seaweed, and that has a dark and heavy aroma. We hope to find something unique among the corals," says Dir. The challenge for the hunters was to extract a smell from water rather than air. This was an opportunity to try Clery's new "aquaspace" apparatus--a set of filters that work underwater. On Nosy Hara, jars were fixed over knobs of coral about 2 meters down and water pumped out over the absorbent filters. So what does coral smell like? "It's a bit like lobster and crab," says Clery. The team's task now is to recreate the best of their captured smells. First they must identify the molecules that make up each fragrance. Some ingredients may be quite common chemicals. But some may be completely novel, or they may be too complex or expensive to make in the lab. The challenge then is to conjure up the fragrances with more readily available materials. "We can avoid the need to import plants from the rainforest by creating the smell with a different set of chemicals from those in the original material," says Clery. "If we get it right, you can sniff the sample and it will transport you straight back to the moment you smelt it in the rainforest." Summary The perfume trade has a long history, dating back to (14) _____________. Today, perfumers can choose from a wider range of chemicals, and many of these are synthetic. However, fresh, natural fragrances are more (15) _____________ and perfumers continue to hunt for new smells from nature. Plants are a major source of perfumes, producing smells for many reasons, such as to encourage useful insects and to prevent (16) _________. Last October, perfume hunters traveled to Madagascar, a promising site for new smells because of the (17) _____________ of its trees and flowers. In a rainforest, the group collected an extremely valuable smell which resembled a chemical called castoretum. This new smell was considered very useful because today perfumers have stopped employing (18) _____________. At a small island, the fragrances of (19) _____________ were collected by the same team using equipment that works underwater. On returning to the laboratory, the group will attempt to reproduce the new smells using chemicals that are (20) _____________. |
| 題型難度分析 | 這篇文章應(yīng)該算是本次考試中難度較大的一個，信息段落配對題，亂序，在做題中，會占據(jù)考生大量的時間。連續(xù)兩道的5選2題，會給學(xué)生審題造成壓力，致使本文在做題中時間耗費太長。 |
| 題型技巧分析 | 細節(jié)配對是雅思考試中比較難的題型，我們來分析一下這類題目的做題技巧： 首先，讓我們來了解一下這種題目的出題特點。 1. 徹底同義轉(zhuǎn)換 和其它題型不同的是，這種題型是對原文一句話或者一段話進行的徹底同義轉(zhuǎn)換，個別甚至是高度概括，因此幾乎不存在任何定位詞，因此不能根據(jù)定位詞到原文中定位答案?？忌仨毦邆浞浅姷恼Z言理解能力，才能快速識別出文章信息和段落信息的相似之處，從而找到答案。 2. 完全亂序 由于這種題型是要求把細節(jié)信息與所在的段落進行配對，因此是絕對打亂順序出題的。 3. 部分題目存在重復(fù)選項 在雅思閱讀中，段落細節(jié)配對題以兩種形式出現(xiàn)，一種是每個選項只能用一次，另外一種題型，在Instruction的最后一句往往有這樣的提示： NB You may use any letter more than once. 如果出現(xiàn)這樣的提示，則說明某些段落可以重復(fù)選用。劍橋真題集中的真題以及筆者、考生的實際考試經(jīng)歷證明，這種指令往往意味著有且僅有一個選項可以使用兩次。 4. 從題量上來看，存在著以下兩種可能： 1) 題量=段落數(shù)+1（肯定帶NB） 2) 題量小于段落數(shù)兩個以上 由于每個選項只能重復(fù)使用一次，因此第一種題型就意味著每個段落都會有至少一個答案，而第二種題型則不能保證每段都有。 5. 永遠是第一個題型 不管在A類考試還是G類的考試中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種題目永遠是出現(xiàn)在第一個題型，而且這種題型與段落標題配對題型List of headings屬于“相克題型”，即這兩者不可能同時出現(xiàn)。 6. 有部分題目與其后的題目有關(guān)聯(lián) 由于這種題型一般都是跨全文出的，因此跟后面的題目不可避免地出現(xiàn)交叉，因此有可能根據(jù)后面的題目來推斷出細節(jié)所在的位置。 題量=段落數(shù)+1, 且?guī)B的題型： 前面講過，由于段落細節(jié)配對題的出題特點，這種題型往往暗示了每段都會有至少一個答案，那么這種題目適合用“通篇瀏覽”的方法來做。具體步驟如下： 1. 閱讀所有題目，劃出關(guān)鍵詞 關(guān)鍵詞就是能限度上概括整個句子的單詞或短語，第一步劃出關(guān)鍵詞，在短時間內(nèi)將所有的題目進行高度的濃縮，符合人類短期記憶的規(guī)律。 2. 通讀所有段落，依次尋找答案 因為每段都會有答案，因此現(xiàn)在所需要做的事情就是到每段去找答案。要注意在選出信息后，要在選出的段落上做上記號，以免浪費時間。 多選 1. 題目說明： Questions 11-13: 11.__A___ 12___F___ 13___B____ Question 11: 11___AFB______（錯一個就全錯） 2. 選項在原文中的順序：無特定順序 3. 題目一般只考文中的部分信息 |
| 劍橋雅思推薦原文練習(xí) | 劍6 Test 1 劍7 Test 1 |
| Reading Passage 3 | |
| Title: | Architecture and lifestyle |
| Question types: | TRUE / FALSE / NOT GIVEN Matching |
| 文章內(nèi)容回顧 | 現(xiàn)代建筑和工作 |
| 題型難度分析 | 本篇文章還是以是非無判斷和配對為主 |
| 劍橋雅思推薦原文練習(xí) | 劍5-3-1 劍6-1-1 劍7-2-1 |
| 考試趨勢分析和備考指導(dǎo)： 本次閱讀考試體現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)在雅思閱讀考試的主流趨勢，一篇文章一定考察信息段落配對題目，另外兩篇文章難度適中。本次考試中是非無判斷題量增加，這應(yīng)該是一件好事。但是在具體的考試中，很多學(xué)生仍然對于是非無的判斷把握不好。是非無的注意點：1. 定位；2. 判斷，3. 書寫，在平時的練習(xí)中一定要好好分析錯誤的原因。 提高閱讀速度 1. 擴大眼睛掃描的寬度，訓(xùn)練自己一眼看過至少閱讀到3-5個單詞。 2. 快速泛讀不同領(lǐng)域的書籍，理解和掌握書中主要內(nèi)容即可，拓寬自己的知識面。 3. 計時閱讀，養(yǎng)成計時閱讀的習(xí)慣，計時閱讀每次進行5-10分鐘即可，不宜太長。在加快閱讀速度的同時努力迅速總結(jié)每段大意。 | |