1985年考研英語試題及答案

1985年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題
    

Section I Structure and Vocabulary
    

In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice. in the brackets on the left. (15 points)
    EXAMPLE:
    I was caught ________ the rain yesterday.
    [A] in
    [B] by
    [C] with
    [D] at
    ANSWER: [A]
    1. The travellers sought shelter ________ the rain and happened to find a roadside inn.Section VI Verb Forms
    Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of verbs given in brackets. (10 points)
    EXAMPLE:
    It is highly desirable that a new president ________ (appoint) for this college.
    ANSWER: (should) be appointed
    51. I found that my cheating in yesterday's English test ________ (report) to my parents that very evening.
    52. While Jane ________ (carry) a pail of milk from the barn to the kitchen, she spilled some of it on her skirt.
    53. If it wasn't an accident, he ________ (do) it on purpose.
    54. You're going to England next year. You should now practice ________ (speak) English as much as possible.
    55. When ________ (see) through a telescope, the sun appears darker near the edge.
    56. While he was in the army, he learned English, which ________ (help) him a lot in his work there.
    57. They were envious of George because of his ________ (make) captain of the team.
    58. Many of the world's great novels are reported ________ (make) int0 films last year.
    59. When the bell sounded, the boys rushed out of the classroom, each ________ (carry) a number of new books under his arm.
    60. The students ________ (do) all the exercises, the teacher went on to explain the text.Section VII Chinese-English Translation
    Translate the following sentences int0 English. (15 points)
    61. 這項(xiàng)計劃和原來的計劃比起來，要完整得多。
    62. 只有這樣我們才能趕上世界的先進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)水平。
    63. 你對下一步該做些什么，清楚了嗎？
    64. 在舊中國，幾乎沒有什么機(jī)器制造工業(yè)，更不用說電子工業(yè)了。
    65. 他在這次旅行中的所見所聞給他留下了深刻的印象。
    Section VIII English-Chinese Translation
    Choose either of the following two passages. Only the underlined sentences are to be translated. (20 points)
    (1)
    Television is now playing a very important part in our life. But television, like other things, has both advantages and disadvantages. Do the former outweigh the latter?
    In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. (66) For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home, with almost unlimited entertainment available, than to go out in search of amusement elsewhere. (67) They do not have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera, only to discover, perhaps, that the show is disappointing. (68) All they have to do is press a button, and they can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match. (69) Some people, however, maintain that this is precisely where the danger lies. The television viewer takes no initiative. He makes no choice and exercises no judgment. (70) He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort on his part.
    (71) Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers and endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining. The most distant countries and the strangest custom are brought right int0 one's sitting-room. (72) It could be argued that the radio performs this service just as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there a danger. We get so used to looking at it, so dependent on its flickering pictures, that it begins to dominate our lives.
    There are many other arguments for and against television. The poor quality of its programs is often criticized. But it is undoubtedly a great comfort to many lonely elderly people. And does it corrupt or instruct our children? I think we must realize that television in itself is neither good nor bad. (73) It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to society.
    (2)
    An office is the "Brain" of a business. (74) In an office, figures, lists and information are compiled which tell the managers or heads of the business what is happening in their shops or factories. These figures guide the managers by telling them what has happened and what is happening.
    Information comes int0 an office in all sorts of ways but the main items of information come in regularly. (75) It is part of the job of the clerks to collect and classify that information and to put it int0 such a form that it is easily interpreted and understood. Offices collect information then they classify it.
    This work of collection is common in an office from the sorting of mail every morning to the accountant's work in finding out the final figure for the year's profit. (76) Classification always requires the arrangement of the same kind of information, often int0 lists or columns. (77) For this work, correctness, accuracy and speed, as in all office work, are essential.
    There is no value, however, in collecting figures which mean nothing. Figures are guides which should help we make decisions. (78) The interpretation of information and of tables should tell us where success or failure lies, where profit can be had and where losses occur. (79) On this kind of information and from the known figures, a choice is made and a series of such choices may make a policy.
    A firm which has three factories may find, for instance, from its figures, that one factory is losing money and a choice may lie between either a change of manager, a cut in production, an increase in production or closure of the factory. Whichever one of these decisions is taken becomes the policy. (80) It is clear that a decision leading to a policy can only be as good as the information on which it is based.
    Consequently there is a constant search for more and more exact information. (81) Managers will want to have all the necessary facts before they can make the best decision and it is normal for them to seek for more and more information.1985年考研英語真題答案 
    

Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (15 points)
    

Section II: Cloze Test (10 points)
    

Section III: Reading Comprehension (10 points)
    

Section IV: Structure and Vocabulary (10 points)
    

Section V: Error-detection and Correction (10 points)
    

Section VI: Verb Forms (10 points)
    

Section VII: Chinese-English Translation (15 points)
    

    61. Compared with the original one, this plan is far more complete.
    62. Only in this way can we catch up with the world's advanced levels in science and technology.
    63. Are you clear about what you should do next?
    64. In old China, there was hardly any machine-building industry, to say nothing of an electronic industry.
    65. What he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression.
    

Section VIII: English-Chinese Translation (20 points)
    

(1)
    66.譬如，對于一個四口之家，舒舒服服地坐在家里收看電視，就能看到幾乎是數(shù)不清的娛樂節(jié)目，這比到外面別的地方去消遣便宜得多，方便的多。
    67.他們不必花錢去戲院、電*，或歌劇院買價錢很高的戲票，結(jié)果他們也許還會發(fā)現(xiàn)所演出的節(jié)目很令人失望。
    68.他們所要做的只是按一下電鈕，就能看到各種戲劇、電影、歌劇和各式各樣的演出，更不用說各種政治辯論和最近舉行的激動人心的足球賽。69.可是，有些人則堅持認(rèn)為這恰恰是危險的所在。
    70.看電視的人是完全被動的，他可以毫不費(fèi)力就能看到所播放的每一個節(jié)目。
    71.人們常說，電視能使一個人對時事了如指掌，隨時了解科學(xué)和政治方面的最新發(fā)展。同時還能源源不斷地為觀眾提供各種既有教育意義又帶有娛樂性的節(jié)目。
    72.可能會有人提出無線電廣播也同樣能做到這一點(diǎn)；但在電視屏幕上，每個節(jié)目都顯得更加生動，更加真實(shí)。
    73.電視對社會的價值取決于我們怎樣去利用它。
    (2)
    74.在辦公室里，人們將各種數(shù)據(jù)、表格和資料（信息）加以匯編以便讓經(jīng)理們或企業(yè)的主管人員了解他們的商店或工廠目前正在發(fā)生的情況。
    75.職員們的一部分任務(wù)就是手機(jī)這種資料（信息）將它分類并制成這樣一份表格，這份表格要能是這種資料（信息）易于解釋，易于理解。
    76.分類工作始終需要將同樣的資料加以整理，往往是將它們列成表格或?qū)凇?BR>    77.對于這種工作來說，像所有的辦公室工作一樣，正確性、準(zhǔn)確性和速度是必不可少的。
    78.對資料（信息）和報表所做的解釋，應(yīng)能給我們顯示出成敗之所在哪里可以有盈利以及哪里出現(xiàn)了虧損。
    79.根據(jù)這種資料（信息）和那些已知的數(shù)據(jù)，就能作出一種選擇，而一系列這樣的選擇就能形成一項(xiàng)決策。
    80.很顯然，形成決策的那個決定的好壞，只能取決于它所依據(jù)的資料（信息）的好壞。
    81.經(jīng)理們必定需要在掌握一切必要的情況之后才能作出的決定。對他們來說，要求得到越來越多的資料（信息）是很正常的。 
    [A] from
    [B] by
    [C] for
    [D] with
    2. To our delight, she quickly adapted herself ________ the situation.
    [A] with
    [B] to
    [C] of
    [D] int0
    3. The key________ success is hard work and persistence.
    [A] on
    [B] for
    [C] to
    [D] of
    4. "Do you regret paying A five hundred dollars for the painting?"
    "No, I would, gladly have paid ________ for it."
    [A] twice so much
    [B] twice as much
    [C] as much twice
    [D] so much twice
    5. This pair of shoes isn’t good, but that pair is ________ better.
    [A] rather
    [B] less
    [C] ever
    [D] hardly
    6. ________ do we go for picnics.
    [A] Certainly
    [B] Sometimes
    [C] Seldom
    [D] Once
    7. Kunming is usually cool in the summer, but Shanghai ________.
    [A] is rarely
    [B] scarcely is
    [C] hardly is
    [D] rarely is
    8. A university is an educational institution which awards degrees and ________ research.
    [A] carries out
    [B] carries through
    [C] carries off
    [D] carries about
    9. On entering another country, a tourist will have to ________ the Customs.
    [A] pass through
    [B] pass by
    [C] pass over
    [D] pass for
    10. The old lady can't hope to ________ her cold in a few days.
    [A] get away
    [B] get off
    [C] get out
    [D] get over
    11. Will you ________ my article to find out whether I've made any mistakes?
    [A] look after
    [B] look through
    [C] look up
    [D] look int0
    12. "Where should I send my application?"
    "The Personnel Office is the place ________."
    [A] to send it
    [B] sent it to
    [C] to send it to
    [D] for sending it
    

13. David, something important has happened. I wish to ________.
    [A] talk it over with you
    [B] talk over it
    [C] ta1k over
    [D] talk you over it
    14. I was advised ________ for reservations.
    [A] to either telephone or to write the hotel
    [B] either to telephone or to write the hotel
    [C] that I should telephone or either write the hotel
    [D] I ought either to telephone or write the hotel
    15. ________ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
    [A] For now
    [B] Since that
    [C] Now that
    [D] By nowSection II Cloze Test
    For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and put your choice in the brackets below the passage. Read the whole passage before making your choices. (10 points)
    EXAMPLE:
    For instance, the automobile tunnel might ______ huge ventilation problems.
    [A] make
    [B] bring
    [C] raise
    [D] create
    ANSWER: [D]
    When I was about twelve, I suddenly developed a great passion 大16家 writing poetry. I gave up all my other hobbies, such as 大17家 stamps, and spent all my 大18家 time reading poetry and writing it. This habit of writing poetry on every possible 大19家 soon got me int0 trouble at school. If a lesson did not interest me, I would take out my notebook and start writing poems in class. Of course I did this very 大20家, but it was not long before I got caught. One day while I was busy writing a poem during a geography lesson, I looked up to find the teacher standing over me, fuming with anger because I was not 大21家 attention. He tore the poem up, with a 大22家 not to waste time in his lesson. All the same I was convinced that I had written a good poem, so that evening I wrote it out again from memory. Not long after, I read about a poetry contest and I decided to send in my poem. Weeks later, long after I had given up hope, I got a letter informing me I had won first 大23家. Everyone at school was very impressed — except the geography teacher, who 大24家 me more carefully than ever. He was quite 大25家 that I was not going to write poetry in his lesson!
    16. [A] for
    [B] in
    [C] on
    [D] at
    17. [A] arranging
    [B] collecting
    [C] gathering
    [D] keeping
    18. [A] additional
    [B] extra
    [C] other
    [D] spare
    19. [A] chance
    [B] moment
    [C] occasion
    [D] time
    20. [A] anxiously
    [B] attentively
    [C] cautiously
    [D] silently
    21. [A] calling
    [B] devoting
    [C] attracting
    [D] paying
    22. [A] warning
    [B] notice
    [C] word
    [D] look
    23. [A] position
    [B] prize
    [C] reward
    [D] victory
    24. [A] guarded
    [B] inspected
    [C] observed
    [D] watched
    25. [A] determined
    [B] annoyed
    [C] fixed
    [D] assuredSection III Reading Comprehension
    Each sentence or passage below is followed by four statements. One of the statements is a suggestion which can be made from the information given in the original sentence or passage. Read them carefully and make your choice. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points)
    EXAMPLE:
    [A] You should get up when he comes in.
    [B] You should support him.
    [C] You shouldn't be afraid to argue with him.
    [D] You must be of the same height as he is.
    ANSWER: [B]
    26. Watch your step when your turn comes to have an interview with the general manager.
    [A] When you are asked to see the general manager, be sure not to step int0 his office without his permission.
    [B] Watch the steps when you go upstairs to see the general manager at his office.
    [C] Be sure to be careful when it is your turn to go to the general manager's office for an interview with him.
    [D] Watch out and don't step int0 the general manager's office until it is your turn to have an interview with him.
    27. Since no additional fund is available, the extension of the building is out of the question.
    [A] The extension of the building is impossible because we are unable to get extra fund for the purpose.
    [B] There is some problem about the extension of the building owing to lack of fund.
    [C] Since no additional fund is available, we have to solve the problem regarding the extension of the building with our own resources.
    [D] We can undertake the extension of the building even without additional fund. It is no problem at all.
    28. All along he has been striving not to fall short of his parents' expectations.
    [A] He has been trying hard all the time to live up to what his parents expect of him.
    [B] His parents have been expecting him to work hard.
    [C] All the time he has been trying hard to balance himself so as not to fall down as his parents thought he would.
    [D] All the time, as his parents expect him to do, he has been trying hard to save and not to be short of money.
    29. The various canals which drain away the excessive water have turned this piece of land int0 a highly productive agricultural area.
    [A] The canals have been used to water the land.
    [B] The canals have been used to raise agricultural production.
    [C] Excessive water has been helpful to agricultural production.
    [D] The production has been mainly agricultural.
    30. The replacement of man by machines has not led to unemployment. On the contrary, the total numbers engaged in the textile industry have continued to rise. The fact should not be ignored by those who maintain that unemployment and machinery are inseparable companions.
    [A] The belief that the use of machinery causes unemployment is unfounded.
    [B] The use of machinery results in a rise in production.
    [C] Many people lose their jobs when machines are introduced.
    [D] Contrary to general belief, machinery and unemployment are inseparable companions.Section IV Structure and Vocabulary
    Fill in the blanks with the words which best complete the sentences. Put your choices in the brackets on the left. (10 points)
    EXAMPLE:
    It was the largest experiment we have ever had; it ________ six houses.
    [A] ended
    [B] finished
    [C] was
    [D] lasted
    ANSWER: [D]
    31. He thought the painting was of little ________, so he let me have it for only ten pounds.
    [A] cost
    [B] value
    [C] price
    [D] expenses
    32. Tennis is a ________ invented by an Englishman one hundred years ago.
    [A] game
    [B] play
    [C] contest
    [D] match
    33. It was with great delight that I read in your February ________ the letter to the Editor written by Prof. Johnson.
    [A] issue
    [B] printing
    [C] magazine
    [D] copy
    34. The current political ________ of our country is favourable for foreign investments.
    [A] climate
    [B] weather
    [C] temperature
    [D] state
    35. Smith drove all the ________ to Los Angeles and was just in time for the 23rd Olympiad.
    [A] way
    [B] road
    [C] journey
    [D] trip
    36. It's a very popular play, and it would be wise to ________ seats well in advance.
    [A] book
    [B] buy
    [C] provide
    [D] take
    37. The children will not be allowed to come with us if they don't ________ themselves.
    [A] guide
    [B] behave
    [C] act
    [D] direct
    38. The Customs officer didn't bother to ________ our luggage.
    [A] control
    [B] check
    [C] ask
    [D] glance
    39. After a long walk on a hot day, one often feels ________.
    [A] exhaustive
    [B] exhausting
    [C] exhaust
    [D] exhausted
    40. What I am telling you is strictly ________. Don't let anyone know of it.
    [A] secretive
    [B] special
    [C] individual
    [D] confidential
    Section V Error-detection and Correction
    Each question consists of a sentence with four underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect and put your choice in the brackets on the left. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down the correct word or phrase on the line following the brackets. (10 points)
    EXAMPLE:
    You’ve to hurry up if you want to buy something becauseA there’sB hardly somethingC leftD.
    ANSWER: [C] anything
    41. I'm sure Betsy is theA very girl whomB you will be gladC to get acquainted toD.
    42. Neither his training nor hisA experience asB a railway engineer qualifyC him forD his job.
    43. UnderA no circumstances we shouldB do anything that will benefit ourselves butC harm the interestsD of the state.
    44. The dentist said that ifA my tooth went worseB I should have to have itC pullD out.
    45. sitting up lateA last night, Tom not onlyB read the assignmentC but also many poems by one of his favourite poetsD.
    46. How I wish John knewA how toB apply grammatical rules properly and recognizeC the fact that he is nearly always in the wrongD.
    47. The populationA of many metropolitanB cities has more than doubled itC in the past decadeD.
    48. DespiteA the temporary difficulties, the manager prefers increasingB the output toC decreaseD it.
    49. Astronauts can be affectedA by loneliness. They may have to sitB in the spacecraft for weeks with very littleC to do and no one to talkD.
    50. One of the articles isA interestingB, informative, and it is easyC to readD.