(Both Jewish law and canon law are more uniform than Islamic law.)Though historically there is a discernible break between Jewish law of the sovereign state of ancient Israel and of the Diaspora (the dispersion of Jewish people after the conquest of Israel)， the spirit of the legal matter in later parts of the Old Testament is very close to that of the Talmud， one of the primary codifications of Jewish law in the Diaspora.
盡管從歷史角度來看，在古代以色列作為獨立主權(quán)國家的*教法與大流散時期(Diaspora，即以色列被征服后古代*人被巴比倫人逐出故土)的*教法之間存在著一個明晰可辨的斷裂，然則，《舊約全書》(Old Testament)后半部分中法律內(nèi)容的精神與《*教法典》(Talmud)極為一脈相承，而所謂的《*教法典》，是指大流散時期*教法的主要典籍輯錄之一。