語(yǔ)言是什么?
    
語(yǔ)言首先是一種交流的工具。人們?cè)谌粘I钪?,主要通過(guò)四種方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)這種交流功能,即:聽(tīng),說(shuō),讀,寫(xiě)。據(jù)專(zhuān)家統(tǒng)計(jì),聽(tīng)和說(shuō)在人們的交際中所占的比率,分別為45%和38%.聽(tīng)和說(shuō)是語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)中最重要的功能,然而它們也恰恰是我國(guó)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中最難解決的方面。聽(tīng)是吸收,是輸入;說(shuō)是釋放,是輸出。只有聽(tīng)的清楚,聽(tīng)的明白,才能說(shuō)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),說(shuō)的流暢;而也只有說(shuō)的流暢,說(shuō)的自然,才能聽(tīng)的明白,聽(tīng)的自如。聽(tīng)和說(shuō)是相互聯(lián)系,相輔相成的。為了很好的體現(xiàn)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)技能不分家的特點(diǎn),更是為了達(dá)到考研大綱對(duì)考生的這種互動(dòng)能力的考查要求,我們結(jié)合考研大綱聽(tīng)力部分的考查特點(diǎn)及重點(diǎn),并通過(guò)典型試題分析,以及多年的實(shí)際聽(tīng)力教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn),特提供以下幾種日常交際中的重要語(yǔ)言功能交流例句,希望能給廣大考生帶來(lái)幫助。
一、數(shù)字表達(dá)類(lèi)(Numbers)
    
研究生入學(xué)考試聽(tīng)力試題中第一部分為填充表格,其中很大一部分是根據(jù)所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容填寫(xiě)諸如數(shù)字、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)等具體信息。而數(shù)字、時(shí)間等信息正是中國(guó)考生最不容易聽(tīng)清楚的。下面我們將數(shù)字、時(shí)間等英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言信息的日常表達(dá)方法介紹給大家:
1.英語(yǔ)中純數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法
小數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù):
0.17zero point one seven / point seventeen / zero point seventeen
1/2one half
1/3one /a third
3/4three fourths
7'2/5seven and two fifths
大于100的數(shù)字:
101one hundred (and ) one
200two hundred
998nine hundred ( and ) ninety'eight
在英語(yǔ)中上面括弧中的and一般不能省略;而在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中卻往往省去。請(qǐng)分析下面的對(duì)話:
A:How many people are presnt in the party last night?
B: That‘s nine hundred and ninety-eight, exactly.
A: Woo, you must be joking. How can you get such an accurate number?
B: Ha, ha…… surely I am joking. You silly goose.
大于1000的數(shù)字:
1001a/one thousand (and) one
2232two thousand two hundred (and) thirty'two
900,732,266,043
nine hundred billion seven hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three
英語(yǔ)中一千以上數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法是以三位數(shù)為單元,從高到低billion,million,thousand而依次讀出的。因此我們?cè)诼?tīng)時(shí),可以三位數(shù)三位數(shù)地記錄。試比較下面的對(duì)話:
A:Can you tell me exactly the numbers of the whole people in our country?
B:One billion four hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three.
A:Thank you very much.
2.英語(yǔ)中時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法
英語(yǔ)中時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法主要有直接法和借用介詞法等。
?。?)直接法。
上午八點(diǎn)eight AM (a.m.)[ei em]
下午九點(diǎn)nine PM (p.m.)[pi:em]
六點(diǎn)六分six six
六點(diǎn)三十二six thirty two
八點(diǎn)正eight o'clock
?。?)借用介詞法。
八點(diǎn)四十五a quarter to nine
七點(diǎn)零五分five past seven
七點(diǎn)五十四six to eight
六點(diǎn)半half past six
?。?)表示正點(diǎn)的用法。
十一點(diǎn)正at 11 o'clock sharp
at 11 o'clock on the hour
at 11 o'clock on the strike
正午12點(diǎn)at noon
午夜12點(diǎn)at midnight
(注:12點(diǎn)22分可讀作:twelve twenty-two: twenty-two past twelve(英式說(shuō)法);twenty-two after twelve(美式說(shuō)法)
1點(diǎn)15可讀作:one fifteen; a quarter past one(英式說(shuō)法):a quarter after one(美英說(shuō)法)
8點(diǎn)50分可讀作:eight fifty; ten to nine(英式說(shuō)法);ten before nine(美式說(shuō)法)
1點(diǎn)40分可讀作:one forty; twenty to two(英式說(shuō)法);twenty before two(美式說(shuō)法)
“提前半小時(shí)”可用:half an hour early; thirty minutes early; early by half an hour; half an hour ahead of time; half an hour ahead of schedule等來(lái)表示。)
時(shí)間表示法和時(shí)段的簡(jiǎn)單運(yùn)算是聽(tīng)力考試的熱點(diǎn),請(qǐng)看下面的對(duì)話:
W: How long does the class usually last?
M: Umm, let me think. It starts from a quarter to nine, and ends at nine thirty. So……
W: That is forty'five minutes. Thank you very much!
Q: When does the class usually start?
    
    
   
              
              語(yǔ)言首先是一種交流的工具。人們?cè)谌粘I钪?,主要通過(guò)四種方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)這種交流功能,即:聽(tīng),說(shuō),讀,寫(xiě)。據(jù)專(zhuān)家統(tǒng)計(jì),聽(tīng)和說(shuō)在人們的交際中所占的比率,分別為45%和38%.聽(tīng)和說(shuō)是語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)中最重要的功能,然而它們也恰恰是我國(guó)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中最難解決的方面。聽(tīng)是吸收,是輸入;說(shuō)是釋放,是輸出。只有聽(tīng)的清楚,聽(tīng)的明白,才能說(shuō)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),說(shuō)的流暢;而也只有說(shuō)的流暢,說(shuō)的自然,才能聽(tīng)的明白,聽(tīng)的自如。聽(tīng)和說(shuō)是相互聯(lián)系,相輔相成的。為了很好的體現(xiàn)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)技能不分家的特點(diǎn),更是為了達(dá)到考研大綱對(duì)考生的這種互動(dòng)能力的考查要求,我們結(jié)合考研大綱聽(tīng)力部分的考查特點(diǎn)及重點(diǎn),并通過(guò)典型試題分析,以及多年的實(shí)際聽(tīng)力教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn),特提供以下幾種日常交際中的重要語(yǔ)言功能交流例句,希望能給廣大考生帶來(lái)幫助。
一、數(shù)字表達(dá)類(lèi)(Numbers)
研究生入學(xué)考試聽(tīng)力試題中第一部分為填充表格,其中很大一部分是根據(jù)所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容填寫(xiě)諸如數(shù)字、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)等具體信息。而數(shù)字、時(shí)間等信息正是中國(guó)考生最不容易聽(tīng)清楚的。下面我們將數(shù)字、時(shí)間等英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言信息的日常表達(dá)方法介紹給大家:
1.英語(yǔ)中純數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法
小數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù):
0.17zero point one seven / point seventeen / zero point seventeen
1/2one half
1/3one /a third
3/4three fourths
7'2/5seven and two fifths
大于100的數(shù)字:
101one hundred (and ) one
200two hundred
998nine hundred ( and ) ninety'eight
在英語(yǔ)中上面括弧中的and一般不能省略;而在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中卻往往省去。請(qǐng)分析下面的對(duì)話:
A:How many people are presnt in the party last night?
B: That‘s nine hundred and ninety-eight, exactly.
A: Woo, you must be joking. How can you get such an accurate number?
B: Ha, ha…… surely I am joking. You silly goose.
大于1000的數(shù)字:
1001a/one thousand (and) one
2232two thousand two hundred (and) thirty'two
900,732,266,043
nine hundred billion seven hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three
英語(yǔ)中一千以上數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法是以三位數(shù)為單元,從高到低billion,million,thousand而依次讀出的。因此我們?cè)诼?tīng)時(shí),可以三位數(shù)三位數(shù)地記錄。試比較下面的對(duì)話:
A:Can you tell me exactly the numbers of the whole people in our country?
B:One billion four hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three.
A:Thank you very much.
2.英語(yǔ)中時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法
英語(yǔ)中時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法主要有直接法和借用介詞法等。
?。?)直接法。
上午八點(diǎn)eight AM (a.m.)[ei em]
下午九點(diǎn)nine PM (p.m.)[pi:em]
六點(diǎn)六分six six
六點(diǎn)三十二six thirty two
八點(diǎn)正eight o'clock
?。?)借用介詞法。
八點(diǎn)四十五a quarter to nine
七點(diǎn)零五分five past seven
七點(diǎn)五十四six to eight
六點(diǎn)半half past six
?。?)表示正點(diǎn)的用法。
十一點(diǎn)正at 11 o'clock sharp
at 11 o'clock on the hour
at 11 o'clock on the strike
正午12點(diǎn)at noon
午夜12點(diǎn)at midnight
(注:12點(diǎn)22分可讀作:twelve twenty-two: twenty-two past twelve(英式說(shuō)法);twenty-two after twelve(美式說(shuō)法)
1點(diǎn)15可讀作:one fifteen; a quarter past one(英式說(shuō)法):a quarter after one(美英說(shuō)法)
8點(diǎn)50分可讀作:eight fifty; ten to nine(英式說(shuō)法);ten before nine(美式說(shuō)法)
1點(diǎn)40分可讀作:one forty; twenty to two(英式說(shuō)法);twenty before two(美式說(shuō)法)
“提前半小時(shí)”可用:half an hour early; thirty minutes early; early by half an hour; half an hour ahead of time; half an hour ahead of schedule等來(lái)表示。)
時(shí)間表示法和時(shí)段的簡(jiǎn)單運(yùn)算是聽(tīng)力考試的熱點(diǎn),請(qǐng)看下面的對(duì)話:
W: How long does the class usually last?
M: Umm, let me think. It starts from a quarter to nine, and ends at nine thirty. So……
W: That is forty'five minutes. Thank you very much!
Q: When does the class usually start?

