In an effort to close the gap in the quality of care between wealthy and poor countries, health professionals from more than 100 nations are meeting in Ethiopia. The exit of doctors and nurses seeking better-paying jobs overseas is hurting progress toward better care in developing countries.
來自一百多個(gè)國家的衛(wèi)生專家在埃塞俄比亞聚會(huì)，商討拉近富有國家和窮困國家之間醫(yī)療品質(zhì)差距的問題。如今發(fā)展中國家的醫(yī)護(hù)人員為了尋求更好的待遇而出走，妨礙了這些國家改良醫(yī)療措施的努力方向。
The 13th World Congress on Public Health is focused on the opportunities, but also the threats to improving the quality of health care in less developed countries.
這次在埃塞俄比亞舉行的會(huì)議是第13屆世界衛(wèi)生大會(huì)。討論的焦點(diǎn)是改良衛(wèi)生品質(zhì)的努力在發(fā)展度較低的國家中所面臨的威脅。
Ethiopian Public Health Association President Dr. Tewabech Bishaw says this gathering is one step in a long struggle that began before the 1970s “In the '70s there was the “Health For All” slogan, and everybody was agreed and committed to achieving health for all by the year 2000. Then in 2000 we set Millennium Development Goals with those targets.
埃塞俄比亞公共衛(wèi)生協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)長特瓦貝克說，這次聚會(huì)是自1970年代起長期努力奮斗的一個(gè)步驟。她說：“在70年代，有一句口號是‘全民健康’。當(dāng)時(shí)每一個(gè)人都立下，要在兩千年之前完成全民健康的目標(biāo)。后來到了兩千年，我們又設(shè)定千禧年發(fā)展計(jì)劃，我們不能一再延遲我們的目標(biāo)，而是要以公正的態(tài)度，認(rèn)真和誠意地處理這些事務(wù)。”
We cannot just move the goalposts over and over, but be serious about these things and address them honestly in a manner of justice,” she said.
Tewabech says among the biggest obstacles to closing the quality gap in health care is the same as in many other areas of development. The best and brightest are being attracted by better salaries and working conditions abroad. She says wealthy nations should be made to pay poorer countries for the loss of their top professionals who emigrate in search of a better life.
特瓦貝克博士說，拉近醫(yī)療服務(wù)品質(zhì)差距的大障礙和許多其它方面發(fā)展的障礙相同。優(yōu)秀和有前途的人才都被國外更好的待遇和工作環(huán)境吸引過去。她說，富有國家應(yīng)該為貧窮國家的頂尖專業(yè)人才為了尋求更好的生活而外流所遭受的損失付出賠償。
"You see a lot of these professionals are moving to developed countries, and those countries in the developing world are losing their finances that they spend through training, and then losing their human resources that would have provided for the population. There is injustice, unfairness in this. It is about time these nations sit around the table and look squarely at the problems and issues of services so equitable apportioning of these resources are made," she said.
她還說：“你看到許多專業(yè)人才前往發(fā)達(dá)國家。這些發(fā)展中國家為了培訓(xùn)這些人才所花費(fèi)的金錢也就付諸流水。它們還喪失了為自己人民所儲(chǔ)備的人力資源。這是不道義而且是不公平的?，F(xiàn)在正是讓這些國家坐在同一張桌上，坦誠處理公平分配資源問題的時(shí)候?！?Tewabech says among the most pressing priorities is closing the gap in maternal and child mortality rates, which remain alarmingly high in developing countries despite repeated health campaigns. She said the origin of the gap can be traced to traditional attitudes in many developing countries that favor boys over girls.
“Boys are preferred in a household, the availability of food, early marriage, and the lack of education, because if a family has a boy and a girl, and if because of circumstances they have to choose to send one to school, they will send the boy and not the girl. So education has a lot to do with the well-being and survival of the children,” she said.
This is the second time the World Congress on Public Health has been held in Africa in its nearly 40-year history. The event is jointly funded by several U.N and U.S. government entities, along with a host of private pharmaceutical, insurance and health-care companies.
這是將近40年來，世界衛(wèi)生大會(huì)第二次在非洲國家舉行。會(huì)議由聯(lián)合國和美國的幾個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)贊助，并由幾家私營的制藥公司、保險(xiǎn)公司以及醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)共同主辦。