考研英語語法精解 結構句子分類

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按照結構句子的分類(Classification by Structure)
    英語句子按照結構可分為簡單句、并列句和復合句。
    一、簡單句(Simple Sentence)
    只有一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語(或并列謂語)構成的句子稱為簡單句。
    例句: Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.(選自2011年Text 3)
    分析: 該句是簡單句,makes,gives和help是三個并列謂語動詞。其中seem objective作賓語the site的補足語;過去分詞concerned作companies的后置定語。
    譯文: 除了產生效益外,這個網站由于其他營銷商的參與而顯得公正客觀,給企業(yè)提供機會去獲取其他企業(yè)成功營銷策略的寶貴信息,并且可能幫助所有相關企業(yè)增大用戶流量。
    例句: Fuel scarcities and price increases prompted automobile designers to scale down the largest models and to develop completely new lines of small cars and trucks. (1999年第40題)
    分析: 該句是簡單句,主語由fuel scarcities和price increases充當,to scale down...和to develop...是兩個并列賓語補足語。
    譯文: 燃料短缺和價格上漲促使汽車設計師們縮小的型號并發(fā)展全新的小型轎車和貨車的生產線。
    二、并列句(Compound Sentence)
    用等立/并列連詞(或分號、冒號、逗號)把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起構成的句子叫并列句,其中常用并列連詞有and,so,not only...but also,neither/either...nor/or,or, but, still, however, while, whereas, for等。
    例句: The supervisor didnt have time so far to go into it at length, but he gave us an idea about his plan. (1995年第38題)
    分析: 該句是并列句,短語at length意為“詳細地,詳盡地”。
    譯文: 主管人目前沒時間對此事進行深入調查,但他對我們談了他的打算。
    例句: Mr. Smith had an unusual career: he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher. (2000年第34題)
    分析: 該句是并列句。
    譯文: 史密斯先生的職業(yè)生涯不同尋常: 剛開始是做辦公室職員,然后當水手,最后做了老師。
    例句:Consumers passionate about a product may create “earned” media by willingly promoting it to friends and a company may leverage “owned” media by sending email alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. (選自2011年Text 3)
    分析:該句是由and連接的并列句,兩個介詞短語by willingly promoting it to friends 和by sending email alerts about products and sales to customers分別作狀語,修飾謂語動詞create和leverage;分詞短語registered with its Web site作后置定語,修飾customers。
    譯文:熱衷于某種產品的消費者可以通過自愿推薦給朋友的方式創(chuàng)建“免費”媒體,而企業(yè)可以通過電子郵件把產品和銷售信息發(fā)送給在其網站上注冊的用戶,從而充分利用“自有”媒體。
    例句: The worker and the employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. (選自1993年Text 2)
    分析: 該句是復合句,not only...but also...引導兩個并列原因狀語從句。
    譯文: 工人與雇員心情焦慮不僅僅是因為他們可能失業(yè),而且因為他們不能在生活中獲得真正的滿足和興趣。