托福語法技巧:there is/are/was/were

字號:

表示不定的人或物的名詞作動詞be的主語時,通常用there+be+名詞結(jié)構(gòu)。可以說A policeman is at the door(門口站著一位警察),但通常說There is a policeman at the door(有一位警察站在門口)。
    注意:雖然there像是主語,但真正的主語卻是跟在動詞之后的名詞。如果該名詞是復(fù)數(shù),動詞在數(shù)上就必須和它一致:
    There are two policemen at the door.
    有兩個警察站在門口。來源:www.examda.com
    上述兩種句子結(jié)構(gòu)(即名詞+be結(jié)構(gòu)和there+be+名詞結(jié)
    構(gòu))都是可行的,當(dāng)be意為exist(存在)/happen(發(fā)生)/takeplace(發(fā)生)時there結(jié)構(gòu)是必要的:
    There is a mistake/There are mistakes in this translation.
    這篇譯文里有錯誤。(Examda)
    這個句子不能改寫成A mistake is/Mistakes are等。
    在下列句子中,例句之后加(R)的表示there結(jié)構(gòu)可被名詞/代詞+動詞結(jié)構(gòu)代替:
    There have been several break-ins this year.
    今年發(fā)生了好幾起強(qiáng)行入室盜竊事件。
    There will be plenty of room for everyone.
    將有足夠的房間分給大家。
    There were hundreds of people on the beach.(R)
    海灘上有成千上萬的人。來源:www.examda.com
    there同樣也可以與someone/anyone/no one/something等連用:
    There’someone on the phone for you.(R)
    有你的電話。
    there+be+something/nothing/anything+形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)也是可以的:
    -Is there anything wrong(with your car)?(R)
    -No,there is nothing wrong with it.(R)
    -(你的車)出了什么毛病嗎?(Examda)
    -不,沒出什么毛病。
    There’s something odd/strange about this letter.
    這封信有點(diǎn)奇怪。
    名詞或someone/something等后面可跟關(guān)系從句:
    There’s a film I want to see.
    有部電影我想去看。
    There’s something I must say.
    我有些話必須得說。
    或后面跟動詞不定式:   There’s nothing to do.
    沒事可干。(沒我們干的事/必須干的事。)
    there結(jié)構(gòu)可以與另一個助動詞+be結(jié)構(gòu)連用:
    There must be no doubt about this.
    這一點(diǎn)不能含糊。(Examda)
    There may be a letter for me.
    大概有我一封信。
    或與seem+be,appear+be連用:
    There seems to be something wrong here.
    這兒好像有點(diǎn)不大對勁。   以上這么用的there通常不重讀。
    注意不要將有以上用法的there與當(dāng)做副詞用并帶有重音的there搞混:
    ′There’s a man I want to see.
    那就是我想見的人。(他站在門口。)
    請比較:(Examda)
    ′There’s a man I want to see.
    我要見個人。(這個人存在。)