托福語法技巧:方式副詞

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方式副詞位于動(dòng)詞之后:
    She danced beautifully.
    她舞姿優(yōu)美。   當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶賓語時(shí),它位于賓語之后:
    He gave her the money reluctantly.
    他勉勉強(qiáng)強(qiáng)地給了她錢。
    They speak English well.
    他們英語說得好。   不要把副詞置于動(dòng)詞和賓語之間。
    遇到動(dòng)詞+介詞+賓語結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),副詞可置于介詞之前或賓語之后:
    He looked at me suspiciously./He looked suspiciously at me.
    他懷有疑心地打量著我。
    但是,如果賓語由好幾個(gè)詞組成的時(shí)候,就要把副詞置于介詞之前:
    He looked suspiciously at everyone who got off the plane.
    他用懷疑的目光打量著每一個(gè)從飛機(jī)上走下來的人。
    同樣,含動(dòng)詞+賓語的句子中賓語的長短也決定副詞的位置。如果賓語較短,就用動(dòng)詞+賓語+副詞的語序,如上文B所述。但是,如果賓語較長,通常就把副詞置于動(dòng)詞之前:
    She carefully picked up all the bits of broken glass.
    她小心地揀起所有的碎玻璃片。
    He angrily denied that he had stolen the documents.
    他憤怒地否認(rèn)他偷了那些文件。
    They secretly decided to leave the town.
    他們秘密決定離開這個(gè)城市。來源:考試大網(wǎng)
    注意:如果副詞置于從句或短語之后,則通常認(rèn)為它修飾從句或短語中的動(dòng)詞。因此,如果把上面最后一個(gè)例句中的se-cretly移到句末,就改變了句子的含義:
    They secretly decided…
    他們秘密決定……(決定本身是秘密的。)
    They decided to leave the town secretly.
    他們決定秘密地離開這座城市。(“離開”這個(gè)行動(dòng)是秘密的。)
    表示性格和智力的副詞如foolishly,generously,kindly,stupidly等位于動(dòng)詞之前時(shí)表示行動(dòng)是愚蠢的/好意的/慷慨的等:
    I foolishly forgot my passport.
    我愚蠢地忘了我的護(hù)照。
    He generously paid for us all.
    他很慷慨地代我們?nèi)读隋X。
    He kindly waited for me.
    他好意地等著我。   Would you kindly wait?
    請您稍候。
    注意:也可以用下列句子表示這類種意思:
    It was foolish of me to forget.
    我真蠢,竟然忘記了。
    It was kind of him to wait.
    多蒙他好心等候。
    Would you be kind enough to wait?
    勞駕您等一等,好嗎?(參見第252節(jié)。)
    副詞可位于動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞+賓語之后,但句子意思就改變了:
    He spoke kindly.
    他說得很和藹。相當(dāng)于:
    His voice and words were kind.
    他的聲調(diào)和話語都很和藹。
    不同于:來源:考試大網(wǎng)
    It was kind of him to speak to us.
    他跟我們說話,真是好心。
    He paid us generously.
    他付我們錢時(shí)出手很大方。相當(dāng)于:
    he paid more than the usual rate.
    他比一般的價(jià)格付得多。
    不同于:
    It was generous of him to pay us.
    他付了我們錢,真慷慨。
    注意下面兩句間的區(qū)別:   He answered the questions foolishly.
    他對這個(gè)問題做了愚蠢的回答。(他的回答是愚蠢的。)
    He foolishly answered the questions.
    他愚蠢地回答了問題。(他回答問題的行動(dòng)是愚蠢的。即:他真蠢,根本不該回答。)