托??荚囕o導(dǎo):語(yǔ)法講解(22)

字號(hào):

第四章介詞
    介詞在英語(yǔ)中有著舉足輕重的地位,其數(shù)量不多,拼寫也不復(fù)雜,但要準(zhǔn)確的把握其用法卻非易事,介詞的恰當(dāng)使用常常成為令英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者頭疼的問(wèn)題。TOEFL中??贾R(shí)點(diǎn)是動(dòng)詞后面到底跟不跟介詞,常用介詞搭配, 常用動(dòng)詞與介詞搭配
    第一節(jié) 常用介詞
    考點(diǎn)一 常用介詞的用法
    常用介詞包括簡(jiǎn)單的,
    如:in, on, at, from, to, like, of, for, after, before, by, with, to, since, between, etc.;
    還有一些組合的,如:into, onto, out of, throughout, within, upon, etc.
    這些詞的具體用法需要下功夫搞清,在TOEFL題中都有所體現(xiàn)。
    例題:
    (1)
    ----one time, Manchester, New Hampshire, was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world.
    (A) On
    (B) At
    (C) By
    (D) To
    答案:B
    解釋:據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知需填介詞,詞組at one time意為“曾經(jīng)、一度”,符合句意。
    (2)
    Saint Elmo’s fire is a luminous blue discharge of electricity sometimes seen when a thunderstorm.
    應(yīng)改為:in.
    解釋:when是連詞,一般只引導(dǎo)從句,應(yīng)該用介詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)
    考點(diǎn)二 及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞
    在改錯(cuò)題目中,經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)混淆及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞,
    (1) 不及物動(dòng)詞后面必須要加上介詞,比如go Guangzhou(到廣州去),這樣表達(dá)是不對(duì)的,必須改為 go to Guangzhou
    (2) 而及物動(dòng)詞后面不能隨意加上介詞,因?yàn)榧拔飫?dòng)詞后面可以直接接名詞
    比如 find the mistake (尋找錯(cuò)誤) , 不應(yīng)該說(shuō) find for the mistake
    例題:
    (1)
    What makes for human skeleton hard and strong is the presence of the metallic element calcium.
    應(yīng)改為:human
    解釋:make是及物動(dòng)詞,直接加賓語(yǔ),for是多余的
    詞匯:skeleton: 骨骼, metallic: 金屬的, calcium: 鈣
    (2)
    The situation comedy has proved to a remarkably durable commercial television format.
    應(yīng)改為:to be a / a.
    解釋:及物動(dòng)詞prove可直接加名詞或不定式作賓語(yǔ)
    詞匯:situation comedy: 情景喜劇, durable: 持久的, format: 形式