1. He told a story about his sister who was in a sad ___________ when she was ill and had no money.
A. plight B. polarization C. plague D. pigment
2. He added a __________ to his letter by saying that he would arrive before 8 pm.
A. presidency B. prestige C. postscript D. preliminary
3. This problem should be discussed first, for it takes ___________ over all the other issues.
A. precedence B. prosperity C. presumption D. probability
4. The ________ of gifted children into accelerated classes will start next week according to their academic performance.
A. segregation B. specification C. spectrum D. subscription
5. He cut the string and held up the two __________ to tie the box.
A. segments B. sediments C. seizures D. secretes
1．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)plight"困境"符合句意，如：He is in a sad plight. (他陷入了悲慘的境地)。其他三項(xiàng)中，B項(xiàng)polarization"分化"，C項(xiàng)plague"瘟疫、天災(zāi)"，D項(xiàng)pigment"色素，顏料"，都與句意不相符。本句空格處意為"陷入了悲慘的境地"，因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
2．【答案】C
【解析】C項(xiàng)postscript"附言，后記"符合句意，A項(xiàng)presidency"任期"；B項(xiàng)prestige"聲望，威望"；D項(xiàng)preliminary"預(yù)備的，初步的"，都不正確。本句空格處意為"他在信中又加了附言"，因此C項(xiàng)為正確答案。
3．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)precedence的意思是"優(yōu)先、居先"，短語(yǔ)precedence over的意思是"居于……之前"，如：National defense must take precedence over all other questions．(國(guó)防應(yīng)優(yōu)先考慮)。B項(xiàng)prosperity"繁榮"，C項(xiàng)presumption"假定"，D項(xiàng)probability"可能性"，都與句意不符且不能與take搭配使用。本句空格處意為這個(gè)問(wèn)題應(yīng)優(yōu)先考慮。因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
4．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)segregation的意思是"分開(kāi)，分離"，與句意相符。其他三項(xiàng)中，B項(xiàng)specification"詳述，規(guī)范"；C項(xiàng)spectrum"光譜，頻譜"；D項(xiàng)subscription"捐獻(xiàn)，訂閱"，都不正確。本句空格處意為"將有天分的兒童分到提高班"，因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
5．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)segment的意思為"段，節(jié)"，符合句意。B項(xiàng)sediment"沉淀物"，C項(xiàng)seizure"抓住，奪取"，D項(xiàng)secrete"隱藏"都不正確。本句意為"他把繩子割斷，拿兩股繩去綁盒子"。因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
1. I am sure I can _________ him into letting us stay in the hotel for the night.
A. speak B. say C. talk D. tell
2. Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply ___________.
A. declined B. lessened C. descended D. slipped
3. Passing the English exam should _________ your chances of getting the post.
A. magnify B. strengthen C. enlarge D. enhance
4. He is too young to be able to _________ between right and wrong.
A. discard B. discern C. disperse D. disregard
5. The chairman of the board _________ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.
A. compelled B. posed C. pressed D. tempted
1．【答案】C
【解析】四項(xiàng)選擇都有"說(shuō)"的意思，但只有talk sb．into表示"說(shuō)服……做……"，如：He talked me into coming here．他說(shuō)服我來(lái)這兒。其余三項(xiàng)均不合題意。speak…口中說(shuō)出話語(yǔ)，說(shuō)話。talk…融洽地說(shuō)話，談話。say…發(fā)出聲音說(shuō)出來(lái)；說(shuō)。tell…對(duì)人說(shuō)話，告知。speak和say的區(qū)別：speak是"使用語(yǔ)言"，say是"說(shuō)出語(yǔ)言"。所以Speak English. 是"說(shuō)英語(yǔ)"，而Say English．是"說(shuō)出'英語(yǔ)'這個(gè)詞"。
2．【答案】A
【解析】decline"下降，減少"，如：Domestic production of oil will continue to decline. 國(guó)內(nèi)石油生產(chǎn)將繼續(xù)下降。與rate連用表示比率下降。lessen意為"縮小，減少"，不能與rate連用。descend指"(位置)下降"，如：He descended into a cellar. 他走下地窖。slip 指"滑倒"，如：She slipped on the wet stones and fell．她在潮濕的石頭上滑了一下跌倒了。
3. 【答案】D
【解析】enhance"提高"。magnify"放大"，如：A microscope magnifies bacteria. 顯微鏡將細(xì)菌放大。strengthen"加強(qiáng)"，不宜與chances搭配。enlarge指"面積或體積擴(kuò)大"，如：enlarge a house by adding a new wing 新建一廂房以大房屋。
4．【答案】B
【解析】discern"辨別，分清"。A項(xiàng)discard"丟棄"；C項(xiàng)disperse"散開(kāi)；傳播"；D項(xiàng)disregard"不顧；輕視"。
5．【答案】C
【解析】pressed在這里是"強(qiáng)加"的意思。A項(xiàng)compelled"強(qiáng)迫"，是及物動(dòng)詞；B項(xiàng)posed"擺姿勢(shì)"；D項(xiàng)tempted"引誘；嘗試"。
1. The timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once __________.
A. thrived B. swelled C. prospered D. flourished
2. However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to _________ some of the decline in the iron and steel industry.
A. overturn B. overtake C. offset D. oppress
3. When we listen to music, we are easily __________ of events in the past.
A. remembered B. reflected C. memorized D. reminded
4. Travelling and meeting new people ___________ the mind of young people.
A. expanded B. enlarged C. broadened D. extended
5. After our computer network ________ for the third time that day, we all went home.
A. crashed B. collided C. smashed D. fell
1．【答案】A
【解析】thrived"興旺；茁壯成長(zhǎng)"。B項(xiàng)swelled"膨脹，腫脹"；C項(xiàng)prospered"發(fā)達(dá)"；D項(xiàng)flourished"茂盛；盛行"。
2．【答案】C
【解析】offset"抵消，彌補(bǔ)"；A項(xiàng)overturn"打翻；*"；B項(xiàng)overtake"趕上，超過(guò)"；D項(xiàng)oppress"壓迫，擠壓"。
3．【答案】D
【解析】A項(xiàng)remember當(dāng)"記住，回想起"講時(shí)，后面直接加賓語(yǔ)；B項(xiàng)reflect當(dāng)"沉思或回憶往事"講時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)是sb．reflect on／upon sth．；C項(xiàng)memorize意思是"記住，記憶"，后面直接加賓語(yǔ)；D項(xiàng)的remind當(dāng)"使某人回想起或意識(shí)到……"講時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)是remind sb．of sth．／sb．。因此，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞義及用法來(lái)看，只有D為正確答案，是remind sb．of sth．的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
4．【答案】C
【解析】A項(xiàng)expand意為"(使事物)在尺寸、數(shù)量及重要性方面變大、增多及增強(qiáng)"；B項(xiàng)enlarge意為"使事物尺寸變大"；C項(xiàng)broaden意為"使事物變寬、變廣闊、變廣泛"；D項(xiàng)extend意為"使事物在時(shí)間或空間上更長(zhǎng)、更大"。根據(jù)題意，C為正確答案。
5．【答案】A
【解析】由句子中的computer network可知，要填入的動(dòng)詞與計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)有關(guān)。A項(xiàng)crash可以表示"計(jì)算機(jī)由于軟硬件發(fā)生故障而停止運(yùn)行"，與題意相符；B項(xiàng)collide意為"運(yùn)動(dòng)中的物體或人猛撞某物或互相撞擊；意見(jiàn)等相沖突"。C項(xiàng)smash意為"粉碎；痛擊，猛擊；撞毀"；D項(xiàng)fall意為"落下，跌落"。因此，正確答案為A。
1. The precious manuscripts were hopelessly _________ by long exposure in the cold, damp cellar.
A. ruined B. damaged C. destroyed D. harmed
2. The board of the company has decided to _________ its operation to include all aspects of the clothing business.
A. extend B. enlarge C. expand D. amplify
3. In a sudden of __________ anger, the man tore up everything within reach.
A. attack B. burst C. split D. blast
4. In Britain, people ___________ four million tons of potatoes every year.
A. swallow B. dispose C. consume D. exhaust
5. He offered to __________ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.
A. help B. show C. lend D. borrow
1．【答案】A
【解析】在本題中，A項(xiàng)ruined意為"毀壞"；B項(xiàng)damaged意為"損壞"；C項(xiàng)destroyed意為"摧毀"；D項(xiàng)harmed意為"損害，傷害"。這四個(gè)詞意思接近，但用法不同。首先排除D項(xiàng)，因?yàn)閔arm的賓語(yǔ)往往是人或人的"感情、名譽(yù)、健康、關(guān)系"等。而句中的主語(yǔ)是manuscripts (手稿)，所以不合適。其余三項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)最合適，為本題的正確答案。
2．【答案】C
【解析】本題也是近義詞辨析，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞都有"擴(kuò)大"的意思，但要跟后面的賓語(yǔ)operation搭配，只有C項(xiàng)expand適合。所以C為本題正確答案。
3．【答案】B
【解析】A項(xiàng)："攻擊，非難"；B項(xiàng)："爆裂，突然發(fā)作，突然出現(xiàn)"；C項(xiàng)："劈裂，裂縫，分裂，裂片"；D項(xiàng)："一陣(風(fēng))，爆炸，沖擊波，突然的毀滅性的影響"。
4．【答案】C
【解析】A項(xiàng)："吞下，耗盡(up)，忍受，取消"；B項(xiàng)："配置，處理，使傾向于"；C項(xiàng)："消費(fèi)"；D項(xiàng)："抽完，耗盡，用完，竭盡；使筋疲力盡"。
5．【答案】C
【解析】"lend sb．a(chǎn) hand"意為"給予幫助，助一臂之力"。C為正確答案。
1. I can't _________ him from his brother. They look very much alike.
A. keep B. separate C. distinguish D. prevent
2. The monopoly-capitalist group _________ many smaller enterprises last year.
A. integrated B. merged C. combined D. collected
3. The local authority __________ the company an interest-free loan to start up the new factory.
A. granted B. allocated C. financed D. sponsored
4. This kind of material can __________ heat and moisture.
A. delete B. compel C. constrain D. repel
5. I hate people who ______ the end of a film that you haven't seen before.
A. reveal B. rewrite C. revise D. reverse
1．【答案】C
【解析】C項(xiàng)：distinguish (one from another) 表示"區(qū)分，分清"的意思。
2．【答案】B
【解析】A項(xiàng)："使結(jié)合"；B項(xiàng)："兼并"；C項(xiàng)："聯(lián)合"；D項(xiàng)："收款"。
3．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)："批準(zhǔn)，撥款"；B項(xiàng)："贊助"；C項(xiàng)："資助"；D項(xiàng)："舉辦"。
4．【答案】D
【解析】repel"抗御，抗拒"，如：This coating repels moisture．這層涂料能防潮。A項(xiàng)delete"刪除"，如：delete the second paragraph刪去第二段。B項(xiàng)compel"強(qiáng)迫"，如：compel sb. to do sth．強(qiáng)迫某人做某事。C項(xiàng)constrain"迫使"，如：He was constrained to agree．他被迫同意。這三項(xiàng)都不能用于本題。
5．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)："透露，講出"；B項(xiàng)："重寫"；C項(xiàng)："修訂，修改"；D項(xiàng)："顛倒"。
A. plight B. polarization C. plague D. pigment
2. He added a __________ to his letter by saying that he would arrive before 8 pm.
A. presidency B. prestige C. postscript D. preliminary
3. This problem should be discussed first, for it takes ___________ over all the other issues.
A. precedence B. prosperity C. presumption D. probability
4. The ________ of gifted children into accelerated classes will start next week according to their academic performance.
A. segregation B. specification C. spectrum D. subscription
5. He cut the string and held up the two __________ to tie the box.
A. segments B. sediments C. seizures D. secretes
1．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)plight"困境"符合句意，如：He is in a sad plight. (他陷入了悲慘的境地)。其他三項(xiàng)中，B項(xiàng)polarization"分化"，C項(xiàng)plague"瘟疫、天災(zāi)"，D項(xiàng)pigment"色素，顏料"，都與句意不相符。本句空格處意為"陷入了悲慘的境地"，因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
2．【答案】C
【解析】C項(xiàng)postscript"附言，后記"符合句意，A項(xiàng)presidency"任期"；B項(xiàng)prestige"聲望，威望"；D項(xiàng)preliminary"預(yù)備的，初步的"，都不正確。本句空格處意為"他在信中又加了附言"，因此C項(xiàng)為正確答案。
3．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)precedence的意思是"優(yōu)先、居先"，短語(yǔ)precedence over的意思是"居于……之前"，如：National defense must take precedence over all other questions．(國(guó)防應(yīng)優(yōu)先考慮)。B項(xiàng)prosperity"繁榮"，C項(xiàng)presumption"假定"，D項(xiàng)probability"可能性"，都與句意不符且不能與take搭配使用。本句空格處意為這個(gè)問(wèn)題應(yīng)優(yōu)先考慮。因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
4．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)segregation的意思是"分開(kāi)，分離"，與句意相符。其他三項(xiàng)中，B項(xiàng)specification"詳述，規(guī)范"；C項(xiàng)spectrum"光譜，頻譜"；D項(xiàng)subscription"捐獻(xiàn)，訂閱"，都不正確。本句空格處意為"將有天分的兒童分到提高班"，因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
5．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)segment的意思為"段，節(jié)"，符合句意。B項(xiàng)sediment"沉淀物"，C項(xiàng)seizure"抓住，奪取"，D項(xiàng)secrete"隱藏"都不正確。本句意為"他把繩子割斷，拿兩股繩去綁盒子"。因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。
1. I am sure I can _________ him into letting us stay in the hotel for the night.
A. speak B. say C. talk D. tell
2. Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply ___________.
A. declined B. lessened C. descended D. slipped
3. Passing the English exam should _________ your chances of getting the post.
A. magnify B. strengthen C. enlarge D. enhance
4. He is too young to be able to _________ between right and wrong.
A. discard B. discern C. disperse D. disregard
5. The chairman of the board _________ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.
A. compelled B. posed C. pressed D. tempted
1．【答案】C
【解析】四項(xiàng)選擇都有"說(shuō)"的意思，但只有talk sb．into表示"說(shuō)服……做……"，如：He talked me into coming here．他說(shuō)服我來(lái)這兒。其余三項(xiàng)均不合題意。speak…口中說(shuō)出話語(yǔ)，說(shuō)話。talk…融洽地說(shuō)話，談話。say…發(fā)出聲音說(shuō)出來(lái)；說(shuō)。tell…對(duì)人說(shuō)話，告知。speak和say的區(qū)別：speak是"使用語(yǔ)言"，say是"說(shuō)出語(yǔ)言"。所以Speak English. 是"說(shuō)英語(yǔ)"，而Say English．是"說(shuō)出'英語(yǔ)'這個(gè)詞"。
2．【答案】A
【解析】decline"下降，減少"，如：Domestic production of oil will continue to decline. 國(guó)內(nèi)石油生產(chǎn)將繼續(xù)下降。與rate連用表示比率下降。lessen意為"縮小，減少"，不能與rate連用。descend指"(位置)下降"，如：He descended into a cellar. 他走下地窖。slip 指"滑倒"，如：She slipped on the wet stones and fell．她在潮濕的石頭上滑了一下跌倒了。
3. 【答案】D
【解析】enhance"提高"。magnify"放大"，如：A microscope magnifies bacteria. 顯微鏡將細(xì)菌放大。strengthen"加強(qiáng)"，不宜與chances搭配。enlarge指"面積或體積擴(kuò)大"，如：enlarge a house by adding a new wing 新建一廂房以大房屋。
4．【答案】B
【解析】discern"辨別，分清"。A項(xiàng)discard"丟棄"；C項(xiàng)disperse"散開(kāi)；傳播"；D項(xiàng)disregard"不顧；輕視"。
5．【答案】C
【解析】pressed在這里是"強(qiáng)加"的意思。A項(xiàng)compelled"強(qiáng)迫"，是及物動(dòng)詞；B項(xiàng)posed"擺姿勢(shì)"；D項(xiàng)tempted"引誘；嘗試"。
1. The timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once __________.
A. thrived B. swelled C. prospered D. flourished
2. However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to _________ some of the decline in the iron and steel industry.
A. overturn B. overtake C. offset D. oppress
3. When we listen to music, we are easily __________ of events in the past.
A. remembered B. reflected C. memorized D. reminded
4. Travelling and meeting new people ___________ the mind of young people.
A. expanded B. enlarged C. broadened D. extended
5. After our computer network ________ for the third time that day, we all went home.
A. crashed B. collided C. smashed D. fell
1．【答案】A
【解析】thrived"興旺；茁壯成長(zhǎng)"。B項(xiàng)swelled"膨脹，腫脹"；C項(xiàng)prospered"發(fā)達(dá)"；D項(xiàng)flourished"茂盛；盛行"。
2．【答案】C
【解析】offset"抵消，彌補(bǔ)"；A項(xiàng)overturn"打翻；*"；B項(xiàng)overtake"趕上，超過(guò)"；D項(xiàng)oppress"壓迫，擠壓"。
3．【答案】D
【解析】A項(xiàng)remember當(dāng)"記住，回想起"講時(shí)，后面直接加賓語(yǔ)；B項(xiàng)reflect當(dāng)"沉思或回憶往事"講時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)是sb．reflect on／upon sth．；C項(xiàng)memorize意思是"記住，記憶"，后面直接加賓語(yǔ)；D項(xiàng)的remind當(dāng)"使某人回想起或意識(shí)到……"講時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)是remind sb．of sth．／sb．。因此，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞義及用法來(lái)看，只有D為正確答案，是remind sb．of sth．的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
4．【答案】C
【解析】A項(xiàng)expand意為"(使事物)在尺寸、數(shù)量及重要性方面變大、增多及增強(qiáng)"；B項(xiàng)enlarge意為"使事物尺寸變大"；C項(xiàng)broaden意為"使事物變寬、變廣闊、變廣泛"；D項(xiàng)extend意為"使事物在時(shí)間或空間上更長(zhǎng)、更大"。根據(jù)題意，C為正確答案。
5．【答案】A
【解析】由句子中的computer network可知，要填入的動(dòng)詞與計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)有關(guān)。A項(xiàng)crash可以表示"計(jì)算機(jī)由于軟硬件發(fā)生故障而停止運(yùn)行"，與題意相符；B項(xiàng)collide意為"運(yùn)動(dòng)中的物體或人猛撞某物或互相撞擊；意見(jiàn)等相沖突"。C項(xiàng)smash意為"粉碎；痛擊，猛擊；撞毀"；D項(xiàng)fall意為"落下，跌落"。因此，正確答案為A。
1. The precious manuscripts were hopelessly _________ by long exposure in the cold, damp cellar.
A. ruined B. damaged C. destroyed D. harmed
2. The board of the company has decided to _________ its operation to include all aspects of the clothing business.
A. extend B. enlarge C. expand D. amplify
3. In a sudden of __________ anger, the man tore up everything within reach.
A. attack B. burst C. split D. blast
4. In Britain, people ___________ four million tons of potatoes every year.
A. swallow B. dispose C. consume D. exhaust
5. He offered to __________ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.
A. help B. show C. lend D. borrow
1．【答案】A
【解析】在本題中，A項(xiàng)ruined意為"毀壞"；B項(xiàng)damaged意為"損壞"；C項(xiàng)destroyed意為"摧毀"；D項(xiàng)harmed意為"損害，傷害"。這四個(gè)詞意思接近，但用法不同。首先排除D項(xiàng)，因?yàn)閔arm的賓語(yǔ)往往是人或人的"感情、名譽(yù)、健康、關(guān)系"等。而句中的主語(yǔ)是manuscripts (手稿)，所以不合適。其余三項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)最合適，為本題的正確答案。
2．【答案】C
【解析】本題也是近義詞辨析，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞都有"擴(kuò)大"的意思，但要跟后面的賓語(yǔ)operation搭配，只有C項(xiàng)expand適合。所以C為本題正確答案。
3．【答案】B
【解析】A項(xiàng)："攻擊，非難"；B項(xiàng)："爆裂，突然發(fā)作，突然出現(xiàn)"；C項(xiàng)："劈裂，裂縫，分裂，裂片"；D項(xiàng)："一陣(風(fēng))，爆炸，沖擊波，突然的毀滅性的影響"。
4．【答案】C
【解析】A項(xiàng)："吞下，耗盡(up)，忍受，取消"；B項(xiàng)："配置，處理，使傾向于"；C項(xiàng)："消費(fèi)"；D項(xiàng)："抽完，耗盡，用完，竭盡；使筋疲力盡"。
5．【答案】C
【解析】"lend sb．a(chǎn) hand"意為"給予幫助，助一臂之力"。C為正確答案。
1. I can't _________ him from his brother. They look very much alike.
A. keep B. separate C. distinguish D. prevent
2. The monopoly-capitalist group _________ many smaller enterprises last year.
A. integrated B. merged C. combined D. collected
3. The local authority __________ the company an interest-free loan to start up the new factory.
A. granted B. allocated C. financed D. sponsored
4. This kind of material can __________ heat and moisture.
A. delete B. compel C. constrain D. repel
5. I hate people who ______ the end of a film that you haven't seen before.
A. reveal B. rewrite C. revise D. reverse
1．【答案】C
【解析】C項(xiàng)：distinguish (one from another) 表示"區(qū)分，分清"的意思。
2．【答案】B
【解析】A項(xiàng)："使結(jié)合"；B項(xiàng)："兼并"；C項(xiàng)："聯(lián)合"；D項(xiàng)："收款"。
3．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)："批準(zhǔn)，撥款"；B項(xiàng)："贊助"；C項(xiàng)："資助"；D項(xiàng)："舉辦"。
4．【答案】D
【解析】repel"抗御，抗拒"，如：This coating repels moisture．這層涂料能防潮。A項(xiàng)delete"刪除"，如：delete the second paragraph刪去第二段。B項(xiàng)compel"強(qiáng)迫"，如：compel sb. to do sth．強(qiáng)迫某人做某事。C項(xiàng)constrain"迫使"，如：He was constrained to agree．他被迫同意。這三項(xiàng)都不能用于本題。
5．【答案】A
【解析】A項(xiàng)："透露，講出"；B項(xiàng)："重寫"；C項(xiàng)："修訂，修改"；D項(xiàng)："顛倒"。