知識要點:
一、名詞的種類:
1、專有名詞:
1)China, Japan, Beijing, London, Tom, Jack(不加冠詞)
2)the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the People’s Republic of China, the United States等。(由普通名詞構成的專有名詞,要加定冠詞。)
2、普通名詞
1)不可數(shù)名詞
注意:不可數(shù)名詞前一般不加冠詞,尤不加不定冠詞:若加a(an)則使之具體化了。
如:have a wonderful time.
‚不可數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
ƒ不可數(shù)名詞一般無復數(shù)形式。部分物質名詞在表不同類別時,可用復數(shù)形式。
如:fishes, newspapers, waters, snows……
各種各樣的魚 各種報紙 河湖、海水 積雪
„有些抽象名詞也常用復數(shù),變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)的具體的事物。如:times時代,works著作,difficulties困難
…在表數(shù)量時,常用“of”詞組來表示。如:a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper….
2)可數(shù)名詞:
可數(shù)名詞除用復數(shù)形式表一類之外,一般都要加冠詞:A birdcaufly.
The frog is a kind of hibernating animal.
Vegetables sold at this shop are usually fresh.
‚有復數(shù)形式:
a)規(guī)則變化——加“s”或“es”(與初中同,略)
b)不規(guī)則變化——child (children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men),
woman (women), mouse (mice), goose (geese), Englishman (Englishmen),
phenomenon(phenomena)…
注意:c)單、復數(shù)同形:sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, fish(同一種魚)……。如,a sheep, two sheep
d)只用復數(shù)形式: thanks, trousers, goods, clothes, socks, shoes,…
e)形復實單:physics, politics, maths, news, plastics(塑料),means.
f)形單實復:people (人民,人們),the police, cattle等
g)集合名詞如:family, public, group, class等。當作為整體時,為單數(shù);當作為整體中的各個成員時,為復數(shù)。如: My family is a big one. My family are music lovers.
h)復合名詞變復數(shù)時,(a)只把復合名詞中的主體各詞變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式。如:sister(s)-in-law嫂子,弟妹;step-son (s)繼子;editor (s) -in-chief總編輯。
(b)如沒有主體名詞則在最后一個詞的后面加“s”。如:grown-up(s)成年人,go-between(s)中間人
(c)woman, man作定語時,要與被修飾的名詞的數(shù)一致。如:a man servant—men servants, a woman doctor—women doctors
一、名詞的種類:
1、專有名詞:
1)China, Japan, Beijing, London, Tom, Jack(不加冠詞)
2)the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the People’s Republic of China, the United States等。(由普通名詞構成的專有名詞,要加定冠詞。)
2、普通名詞
1)不可數(shù)名詞
注意:不可數(shù)名詞前一般不加冠詞,尤不加不定冠詞:若加a(an)則使之具體化了。
如:have a wonderful time.
‚不可數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
ƒ不可數(shù)名詞一般無復數(shù)形式。部分物質名詞在表不同類別時,可用復數(shù)形式。
如:fishes, newspapers, waters, snows……
各種各樣的魚 各種報紙 河湖、海水 積雪
„有些抽象名詞也常用復數(shù),變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)的具體的事物。如:times時代,works著作,difficulties困難
…在表數(shù)量時,常用“of”詞組來表示。如:a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper….
2)可數(shù)名詞:
可數(shù)名詞除用復數(shù)形式表一類之外,一般都要加冠詞:A birdcaufly.
The frog is a kind of hibernating animal.
Vegetables sold at this shop are usually fresh.
‚有復數(shù)形式:
a)規(guī)則變化——加“s”或“es”(與初中同,略)
b)不規(guī)則變化——child (children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men),
woman (women), mouse (mice), goose (geese), Englishman (Englishmen),
phenomenon(phenomena)…
注意:c)單、復數(shù)同形:sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, fish(同一種魚)……。如,a sheep, two sheep
d)只用復數(shù)形式: thanks, trousers, goods, clothes, socks, shoes,…
e)形復實單:physics, politics, maths, news, plastics(塑料),means.
f)形單實復:people (人民,人們),the police, cattle等
g)集合名詞如:family, public, group, class等。當作為整體時,為單數(shù);當作為整體中的各個成員時,為復數(shù)。如: My family is a big one. My family are music lovers.
h)復合名詞變復數(shù)時,(a)只把復合名詞中的主體各詞變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式。如:sister(s)-in-law嫂子,弟妹;step-son (s)繼子;editor (s) -in-chief總編輯。
(b)如沒有主體名詞則在最后一個詞的后面加“s”。如:grown-up(s)成年人,go-between(s)中間人
(c)woman, man作定語時,要與被修飾的名詞的數(shù)一致。如:a man servant—men servants, a woman doctor—women doctors