職稱英語(yǔ)考試語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo):條件狀語(yǔ)從句

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職稱英語(yǔ)考試語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo):條件狀語(yǔ)從句
    條件狀語(yǔ)從句:分真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句(虛擬語(yǔ)氣)
    重點(diǎn):在條件(時(shí)間)狀語(yǔ)中,用一般時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)(可參見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句例子)
    虛擬語(yǔ)氣(見(jiàn)“第六講”)
    主要連接詞:
    (1)if / unless (除非 = if not 如果不)
    例如:
    Children should not be taken into the room of a very sick person ______ there is some special reason for it.
    A.except B. besides C. unlessD.whereas
    解題思路:根據(jù)上面說(shuō)過(guò)的連接原則,這里必須是一個(gè)“連接詞”,而A,B都是介詞,因此正確答案只能在C,D中選?!皐hereas”意為“而”,故正確答案為C.(不應(yīng)把兒童帶到重病人房間,除非有某種特殊原因。)
    (2)provided / on condition that (跟句子) (如果…)知道這也是連接詞就可以了,一般說(shuō),當(dāng)考題中出現(xiàn)這種詞時(shí),應(yīng)傾向選擇。
    3) 原因狀語(yǔ)從句:
    主要連接詞:because/ since / as
    要點(diǎn):不要把連接詞 because與介詞短語(yǔ)because of ( + 名詞或-ing形式) 相混淆;
    不要把表示原因的since與表示時(shí)間的since“自從…”相混淆;
    不要把表示原因的as與表示時(shí)間的as“隨著…”相混淆;
    順便提一下, because表示直接“因果關(guān)系”,而since, as 是對(duì)事實(shí)的說(shuō)明,主句和從句之間并不一定具有“因果關(guān)系”。
    例如:
    As you are already 18 years old, you should know what to do and what not to do. (你已經(jīng)18歲了,應(yīng)該知道什么該干什么不該干。)
    這個(gè)句子用because連接就不太合適。好在軍隊(duì)職稱考試中并不要求作這種分辨。
    …for 注意:一般只能放在主句后面,即主句 + for從句,例如:
    He must have gone to bed, for it is too late. (他肯定已經(jīng)睡了;現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)很晚了。)—— 該句不能用because
    now that / seeing that / considering that (由于…)
    Seeing that this problem was settled, they proceeded to the next one.(鑒于這個(gè)問(wèn)題已經(jīng)解決,他們開(kāi)始進(jìn)行下一個(gè)問(wèn)題。)
    …in that(在于…)一般放在主句后面,例如:
    Humans are superior to animals in that they can use languages as a tool to communicate. (人比動(dòng)物高等,因?yàn)槿四芤哉Z(yǔ)言作為工具進(jìn)行交際。)